In 20XX, all localities and departments conscientiously implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, intensified the deepening of rural reform, and realized the "eleventh consecutive increase" in grain output. Farmers' income continued to grow rapidly, rural public utilities continued to develop, and rural society was harmonious and stable, making outstanding contributions to stabilizing growth, restructuring, promoting reform and benefiting people's livelihood.
At present, China's economic development has entered a new normal, and it is changing from high-speed growth to medium-high-speed growth. Under the background of slowing economic growth, how to continue to strengthen the basic position of agriculture and promote farmers' sustained income increase is a major issue that must be lifted. Domestic agricultural production costs have risen rapidly, and the prices of bulk agricultural products are generally higher than those in the international market. How to innovate agricultural support and protection policies and improve agricultural competitiveness under the "double squeeze" is a major test that must be faced. Agricultural resources in China are in short supply, overexploited and seriously polluted. How to ensure the effective supply, quality and safety of agricultural products and enhance the ability of agricultural sustainable development under the hard constraints of resources and environment is a major challenge that must be addressed. The flow of urban and rural resource elements is accelerated, and the interaction between urban and rural areas is strengthened. How to accelerate the pace of new rural construction and realize urban and rural prosperity under the background of in-depth urbanization is a major problem that must be solved. Solving these problems is an important task for agriculture, rural areas and farmers in the coming period. We must always take solving the problems concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers as the top priority of the Party's work, rely on reform to add impetus, and take the rule of law as the guarantee to accelerate the modernization of agriculture with China characteristics.
20 15 Agricultural and rural work should fully implement the spirit of the Party and the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the Eighteenth Central Committee, take Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development as the guidance, thoroughly implement the spirit of a series of important speeches, actively adapt to the new normal of economic development, and continue to comprehensively deepen rural reform and comprehensively promote the rule of law in rural areas in accordance with the general requirements of stabilizing grain and increasing income, improving quality and efficiency, and driving innovation. Promote the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, strive to tap the new potential of improving grain production capacity, open up new ways to optimize agricultural structure, seek new breakthroughs in changing agricultural development mode, promote new achievements in increasing farmers' income, take new steps in building new countryside, and provide strong support for sustained and healthy economic and social development.
First, speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode around the construction of modern agriculture.
China should be strong, and agriculture should also be strong. To strengthen agriculture, we must shift from extensive management, which mainly pursues output and relies on resource consumption, to intensive development, which pays equal attention to quantity, quality and benefit, improves competitiveness, innovates agricultural science and technology and sustainable development, and takes the road of modern agricultural development with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.
1. Continuously enhance the grain production capacity. Further improve and implement the grain governor responsibility system. Strengthen the policy inclination to major grain-producing provinces and counties, and ensure that major grain-producing counties attach importance to agriculture and grasp grain to achieve tangible benefits and development. The main grain sales areas should earnestly assume their own responsibility for grain production. We will comprehensively carry out the demarcation of permanent basic farmland. Coordinate the implementation of the national master plan for high-standard farmland construction. Implement actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land. Comprehensively promote the reuse of cultivated land occupied by construction, and peel off the topsoil. Explore the establishment of grain production functional zones, implement grain production capacity to fields, and implement safeguard measures to specific projects. Innovate the investment and financing mechanism, increase capital investment, concentrate on speeding up the construction of a number of major water diversion projects, key water source projects and key projects for river and lake management, and implement the same policies as those for major national infrastructure projects such as railways, compensation for farmland occupation, and compensation for major water conservancy projects such as water saving and water supply. Accelerate the continuous construction and water-saving transformation of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, accelerate the construction of modern irrigation areas, and strengthen the construction of small-scale farmland water conservancy infrastructure. Implement high-yield grain science and technology projects and scientific demonstration of saline-alkali land transformation. We will further promote the establishment of high-yield grain and tackle the green production-increasing model. Implement plant protection construction projects and carry out specialized unified prevention and control of crop pests and diseases.
2. Deepen the adjustment of agricultural structure. Scientifically determine the self-sufficiency level of major agricultural products and rationally arrange the development priorities of agricultural industries. Initiate the implementation of the capacity building plan for oil, sugar and natural rubber production. Accelerate the development of grass and animal husbandry, support the planting of silage corn, alfalfa and other forage materials, carry out the pilot mode of changing grain into feed and combining planting and breeding, and promote the coordinated development of the ternary planting structure of grain, cash crops and forage materials. Based on the advantages of local resources, vigorously cultivate characteristic agriculture. Promote the adjustment of the layout of comprehensive agricultural development. Support the development of animal husbandry and grain processing industry in major grain producing areas, continue to implement the subsidy policy for primary processing of agricultural products, and develop intensive processing of agricultural products. Continue to build a standard garden for horticultural crops and implement the project of improving quality and increasing efficiency of horticultural products. Increase support for the construction of standardized scale farms (communities) for pigs, cows, beef cattle and mutton sheep, implement the breeding project of improved livestock and poultry, accelerate the scale, intensification and standardization of livestock and poultry breeding, and enhance the competitiveness of animal husbandry. Improve the prevention and control policies for animal diseases. Promote healthy aquaculture, intensify the transformation of standard ponds, continue to support the transformation of offshore fishing boats, and strengthen the construction of fishery infrastructure such as fishery administration and fishing ports.
3. Improve the quality of agricultural products and food safety. Strengthen the capacity building of agricultural product quality and food safety supervision in counties and townships. Strictly manage agricultural inputs and vigorously promote agricultural standardized production. Implement the subsidy policy for quality and safety inspection and testing expenses of important agricultural products production bases and wholesale markets. Establish a traceable and interconnected information platform for agricultural product quality and food safety. Carry out the activities of establishing agricultural product quality and safety counties and food safety cities. Vigorously develop famous new agricultural products and cultivate well-known brands. Improve the comprehensive coordination system of food safety supervision and strengthen the statutory duties of local governments. Strengthen the prevention and control of exotic pests and ensure the safety of agricultural and forestry production. Implement the main responsibility of producers and operators, severely punish all kinds of food safety violations, and improve people's sense of security and satisfaction.
4. Strengthen the driving role of agricultural science and technology innovation. We will improve the incentive mechanism for agricultural scientific and technological innovation, improve the talent flow and part-time job system in scientific research institutes, universities and enterprises, promote reform pilots such as the use and disposal of scientific research results, income management and equity incentives for scientific and technological personnel, and stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific and technological personnel for innovation and entrepreneurship. Establish a coordination mechanism for optimizing and integrating agricultural science and technology planning, planning and scientific and technological resources, and improve the mechanism for opening major national scientific research infrastructure and large scientific research instruments to the society. Strengthen the guidance and support for enterprises to carry out agricultural science and technology research and development, so that enterprises can become the main body of technological innovation and application. Accelerate the innovation of agricultural science and technology, and make major breakthroughs in the fields of biological breeding, intelligent agriculture, agricultural machinery and equipment, and ecological environment protection. Establish agricultural science and technology collaborative innovation alliance, relying on the national agricultural science and technology park, and build agricultural science and technology financing, information and brand service platform. Explore the establishment of agricultural scientific and technological achievements trading center. Give full play to the role of scientific research institutes, universities and their new rural development research institutes, vocational colleges and the team of science and technology commissioners in the transformation of scientific research results. Actively promote the pilot reform of the distribution of rights and interests of scientific research achievements in seed industry and improve the system of sharing achievements. We will continue to implement seed projects and promote the construction of three national breeding and seed production bases in Hainan, Gansu and Sichuan. Strengthen the research, safety management and scientific popularization of agricultural genetically modified organisms. Support the technological innovation of agricultural machinery, chemical fertilizer and pesticide enterprises.
5. Innovate the circulation mode of agricultural products. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the national agricultural product market system, focus on strengthening the construction of facilities and supporting services, and improve the trading system. Improve the backbone network of agricultural products circulation in China and increase the construction of storage and logistics facilities for important agricultural products. We will speed up the capacity-building of grain purchasing and storage of 1000 billion Jin, form a grain purchasing and storage mechanism with a clear division of responsibilities between the central and local governments as soon as possible, and improve the grain purchasing and storage guarantee capacity. Continue to implement the farmers' scientific grain storage project. Strengthen the market construction of agricultural products origin, accelerate the construction of cross-regional cold chain logistics system, and continue to carry out the pilot construction of public welfare agricultural products wholesale market. Promote the docking of cooperatives with supermarkets, schools, enterprises and communities. Clean up and rectify the unreasonable charges of agricultural products transportation and marketing. Develop agricultural futures trading and develop new varieties of agricultural futures trading. Support e-commerce, logistics, commerce, finance and other enterprises to participate in the construction of agricultural e-commerce platform. Carry out a comprehensive demonstration of rural e-commerce.
6. Strengthen agricultural ecological governance. Implement the master plan for the treatment of outstanding agricultural environment problems and the plan for sustainable agricultural development. Strengthen the control of agricultural non-point source pollution, carry out in-depth soil testing and formula fertilization, vigorously promote bio-organic fertilizers and low-toxic and low-residue pesticides, carry out regional demonstrations on the resource utilization of straw, livestock and poultry manure and the recovery of farmland residual films, and enjoy relevant fiscal and taxation policies according to regulations. Implement a large-scale livestock and poultry breeding environmental impact assessment system and vigorously promote the development of agricultural circular economy. We will continue to implement the subsidy and reward policy for grassland ecological protection, and carry out pilot projects such as the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the arid areas of northwest China, the management of cultivated land and grassland in the farming-pastoral ecotone, and the protection of black land in northeast China. Increase the proliferation and protection of aquatic biological resources. Establish and improve the water resources demonstration system for planning and construction projects and the national water resources supervision system. Vigorously promote water-saving technology and fully implement regional large-scale and efficient water-saving irrigation. Strengthen water pollution prevention and water ecological protection. We will implement a new round of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, expand the pilot scope of restoring farmland contaminated by heavy metals, comprehensively controlling groundwater overexploitation, and returning farmland to humidity, and promote the construction of key water and soil conservation projects such as ecologically clean small watersheds in important water sources. Vigorously promote major forestry ecological projects, strengthen the construction of afforestation projects, and develop forest industry and characteristic economic forests. Promote the ecological protection and restoration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Silk Road Economic Belt and Yangtze River Economic Belt. Find out the base, make a good plan, increase investment and protect the country's natural forests. Improve subsidies for natural forest resources protection projects and compensation standards for forest ecological benefits. Continue to expand the pilot program to stop commercial logging of natural forests. Implementation of wetland ecological benefit compensation, wetland protection reward pilot and desertification land protection zone subsidy policy. Accelerate the implementation of projects such as returning grazing to grassland, disaster prevention and mitigation in pastoral areas, and development and utilization of southern grasslands. Establish and improve the responsibility system for agricultural ecological environment protection, strengthen accountability and supervision, and severely investigate and deal with all kinds of behaviors that damage the ecological environment according to laws and regulations.
The second part: the experience of the No.1 Document of the Central Committee.
The No.1 document of the Central Committee is entitled "Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Deepening Rural Reform and Accelerating Agricultural Modernization", with the theme of further emancipating the mind, striving for progress while maintaining stability, reforming and innovating, resolutely getting rid of the disadvantages of institutional mechanisms, adhering to the basic position of agriculture and accelerating agricultural modernization. The short span of 9,655 words covers eight aspects, such as "improving the national food security system, strengthening the agricultural support and protection system, establishing a long-term mechanism for agricultural sustainable development, deepening the reform of rural land system, building a new agricultural management system, accelerating the innovation of rural financial system, improving the system and mechanism of urban-rural development integration, and improving the rural governance mechanism". It is the work arrangement focusing on "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and an important foundation for promoting the construction of new socialist countryside in the future.
Improve the sense of responsibility and mission, and make the work related to agriculture more comprehensive and detailed. The full text of Document No.1 runs through it, full of sense of responsibility and mission; The ruling thought of "serving the people and contributing to the people" is obvious; Based on reality, turn the requirements into new ideas, measures and methods to promote the reform and development of agriculture and rural areas; It is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the government's support and guarantee ability and realize the sustainable utilization of resources for promoting the long-term rapid economic development and promoting the harmony and stability of rural society.
Document No.1 of the Central Committee focuses on "agriculture, countryside and farmers" for1year, and food security is always in the first place. This is a continuation of the spirit of the Third Plenary Session, the Central Economic Work Conference and the Central Rural Economic Work Conference, highlighting the themes of food security, agricultural scientific research innovation, land system reform, and new agricultural management system, emphasizing deepening reform and refining specific measures. Helping the construction of a new socialist countryside with concrete measures to facilitate the people: abandoning the shortcomings in the system and mechanism and ensuring the all-round advancement of agricultural and rural modernization reform are the keys that must be kept in mind in future work.
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