The development of the B-2 stealth bomber began in 1978. The procurement plan determined in 1989 includes 1 prototype and 132 combat aircraft (five of which were modified from the prototype). The total cost is US$ 60 billion (1989 COINS), one plane on average? 450 million.
The original idea of building the B-2A bomber began with 1975. At that time, the "Advanced Planning Agency" under the US Department of Defense released a project code-named "Harvey", which was implemented in the Air Force, from which the XST (Experiment, Stealth and Combat) plan was derived. In this plan, the idea of applying stealth technology to aircraft was first put forward. Lockheed, which has rich experience in military aircraft development, first won the military development contract and soon produced two full-scale XST prototypes, which initially proved the feasibility of stealth technology applied to aircraft. B-2 stealth bomber in the air
1977, the "cold war" is still raging. In order to sneak into the Soviet airspace, discover and destroy the Soviet mobile intercontinental ballistic missile launcher and other important strategic targets in depth, the US Air Force proposed to build a new type of strategic bomber, requiring it to sneak into the enemy's depth, and the success rate of completing the task reached 80%. Therefore, the Air Force has drawn up the plan of "Saber Armor-piercing Projectile" and put the application of stealth technology on the concrete agenda. Because the prototype submitted by Lockheed was well received, the Air Force awarded the contract for the production of F- 1 17A stealth fighter to this company. With the production of stealth fighters, the US Department of Defense and congressional dignitaries began to accept the concept of "stealth bomber" and formally approved the application report of the Air Force to develop this kind of aircraft in 1979. The following year, the US Air Force held a public tender for the development of "Advanced Strategic Penetration Aircraft (ASPA)", and Northrop's proposal was approved. Subsequently, the US Air Force officially named the development project of the aircraft "Advanced Technology Bomber (ATB)", which is the original name of the B-2 stealth strategic bomber.
In the early 1980s, the design of B-2 underwent several major changes. For example, 1984, the design of the main wing of the aircraft has been greatly changed, because the air force requires the aircraft to penetrate not only from high altitude, but also from low altitude, which brings a series of problems such as improving the lift of the aircraft, enhancing the strength of the mechanical structure and further reducing its radar reflection cross section. It took several years to finalize the design of this plane.
1On April 20th, 988, the US Air Force showed a hand-painted color picture of the B-2 aircraft for the first time, which shocked the world. People in the aviation industry and many military enthusiasts were amazed at its unique shape. In the same year1October 22nd, 1 1, the B-2 prototype bomber numbered AV- 1 finally, "but we called for it a thousand times before she started to attack us", which became a behemoth that the American public rushed to see and was reported by military publications all over the world. But since then, B-2 has disappeared for several years. During this period, it experienced many secret flight tests and strict inspections by the military, and the manufacturer had to constantly make design modifications according to various opinions and harsh requirements put forward by the Air Force. Five years later,19931February 7 17, the US Air Force finally launched the first B-2A aircraft.
On April 2nd, 1997, the first batch of six B-2A stealth bombers officially served in the US Air Force, and another 15 will be delivered to the troops as planned.
The 1 unit equipped with the B-2 stealth bomber is the 393rd squadron of the 509th bomber wing. Now it has been equipped with the 20 th batch of 8 aircraft, which has initial combat capability.
The B-2 bomber was originally designed as a nuclear weapon carrier, and its basic weapons were B83 and B6 1 nuclear bomb. The maximum bomb load is 22,700 kilograms (50,000 pounds). It can also mount a variety of weapons such as short-range attack missiles, GPS-assisted guided bombs, joint direct attack ammunition, joint defense off-site attack missiles and conventional bombs such as MK82.
F- 1 17A is a stealth attack aircraft developed by Lockheed. It is the world's first stealth fighter F- 1 17. The initial decryption of itself happened not long ago, but the design started in the late 1970s 198 1 15. In June, the pre-production aircraft was successfully tested in absolute secrecy, and the first aircraft was delivered to the US Air Force on August 23, 1982, with a total of 59 aircraft delivered. F- 1 17A has been kept secret since its service. It was not until1988165438+10/0 that the Air Force released the photo of this aircraft for the first time,1April 1989 F- 165438+. ? The late 1960s and early 1970s saw the peak of the development of American military aircraft (especially fighter planes). At present, almost all the main fighters in active service of the US Air Force and Navy were developed at that time. For example, F- 14, F- 15 and F- 16 fighters all came out in the early 1970s, and only F/A- 18 came out later. When developing military aircraft, Americans often begin to consider their successors as soon as a new model appears, sometimes even in advance. The development of stealth fighters began to sprout at this time. Later, the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense put forward a stealth fighter research plan called "Hefland", which required five contractors to participate. At first, Lockheed Aircraft Company was not among these five companies. The reason is that the company lacks the design experience of modern fighters. In fact, Lockheed is an old aircraft company, established in 19 16, and has successively developed a series of excellent military aircraft, such as P-38, F-80, F- 104, C- 130, SR-7 1, etc. In recent years, although no more fighters have been developed, stealth technology has been independently studied. Because of Lockheed's strength and the first step in stealth aircraft research, it finally squeezed into the "Heiferrand" plan and finally won the prototype competition. The "haviland" project began in the mid-1970s, and two small prototypes were used for feasibility testing. These two small prototypes, also called "haviland", are equipped with two engines and adopt strange polyhedral shapes. The foundation of this shape design mainly comes from a mathematical model for calculating the RCS of aircraft radar. Because the radar reflection cross section is calculated
Area, plane shape is easier than surface shape. I didn't expect this mathematical model to be really applied.
The prototype of "haviland" is F- 1 17A, which was developed by Lockheed Skunk Works in 1978. The development is progressing smoothly, and the first flight of 198 1 was successful in June. 1983 10 entered the 4450th tactical brigade of Tonopa test flight base and served (now the 37th tactical fighter wing). The US Air Force ordered a total of 59 aircraft, all of which have been delivered, and there is no follow-up procurement plan. Four of the 59 planes crashed in 1982, 1986, 1987 and 1997 respectively. The total cost of 59 F-L 17A aircraft will reach 6.6 billion US dollars, and the planned price is1.1.20 billion US dollars.
Power plant? Two GE F404-GE-F 1D2 afterburner turbofan engines, with a single thrust of 48 kN.
Load a bomb
Main airborne equipment? Texas Instruments' telescopic downward-looking infrared sensor, laser pen and double-field forward-looking infrared sensor, IBM's AP- 102 mission computer, GEC- Marconi's flight control computer/navigation interface and autopilot computer system, Honeywell's SPN-GEANS inertial navigation system (H-423/from 19 1)
Weapons? All the weapons are hung in the built-in weapon cabin, which can carry all the weapons of the tactical fighter of the US Air Force. The basic configuration is: two 908 kg bombs; BLU- 109B low-altitude laser-guided blasting or gbu-1gbu-27 laser-guided blasting can also be used to install AGM-65 air-to-surface missile and AGM-88 anti-radiation missile, and also carry AIM-9 rattlesnake air-to-air missile.
Nonsense upstairs!
The unit price of B-2 is $840 million, which is the unit price of a small aircraft carrier.
The unit price of F- 1 17 is10.2 billion USD, which is the cost of three F- 15 aircraft.
The picture of B-2 is already available. You can also search for B-2 on Baidu Encyclopedia. There are many. Then I'll upload F- 1 17, and I can't upload two pictures at a time!