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Why is the spot market for raw materials sufficient and the futures delivery cycle long?
Because futures are not commodities.

Futures correspond to spot and come from spot. Futures is not a commodity, usually refers to a standardized contract that can be traded with a certain commodity or financial asset as the target. The so-called spot transaction means that the buyer and seller of securities go through the settlement procedures after the transaction, the buyer pays the funds to obtain the securities, and the seller delivers the securities to obtain the funds. The characteristic of spot transaction is "cash on delivery", that is, the transaction of buying spot in cash.

Futures, whose English name is futures, is completely different from spot. Spot is actually a tradable commodity. Futures are mainly not commodities, but standardized tradable contracts based on some popular products such as cotton, soybeans and oil and financial assets such as stocks and bonds. Therefore, the subject matter can be commodities (such as gold, crude oil and agricultural products) or financial instruments.