basic document
Mr. Chen from Shijiazhuang, aged 62, retired from the * * * department two years ago. My wife is an enterprise employee and retired five years ago. The couple don't live with their children now, and the whole family has two meals together.
Retirement income: 3000 yuan/month for Lao Chen and 500 yuan/month for his wife. My son and daughter are married and don't need financial aid. And their children pay 1, 000 yuan every month. The family's monthly basic living expenses are about 2,000 yuan, and other expenses are about 500 yuan. There are about 300,000 deposits at home, all of which are one-year fixed deposits, and they will expire in the near future. The value of owner-occupied houses is about 250,000. Both parties have social insurance. Lao Chen's unit has 80% welfare reimbursement for hospitalization expenses, and his wife has purchased outpatient medical insurance.
After talking and communicating with Mr. Chen, it is determined that his family financial management goal is:
1, the couple provide for the elderly; 2. Accidental injury is insured. At the same time, I hope experts can recommend some kinds of pension and accident insurance for them to choose from. 3. In order to better ensure retirement, I hope to increase some investment and get more investment income than time deposits; 4. Consider taking out 654.38 million yuan from savings as the education fund for grandchildren.
financial analysis
Current household balance sheet unit/yuan
Current household annual income and expenditure unit/yuan
Analysis of family assets: The existing net assets are 550,000 yuan, of which interest-bearing assets account for 55% and non-interest-bearing assets account for 45%, which is reasonable. The assets are in good condition, but the interest-bearing assets are obviously single and the income is low.
Analysis of household income and expenditure: the annual savings of the family is about 36,000 yuan, and the economy is relatively affluent. Since retirement, the source of income is single.
Analysis of family security: the existing social security and hospitalization expenses of Lao Chen's unit are reimbursed for 80% of the benefits. For Lao Chen Lai, the hospitalization security is basically met, and his wife has no hospitalization medical insurance, so the protection is obviously insufficient when dealing with large expenses.
Financial advice
According to the customer's actual situation, we suggest that he put the second financial management goal in the first place, that is, first improve the insurance protection of the old couple to a more reasonable level, and then consider improving the asset income and planning a worry-free retirement life.
1, the two elderly people buy personal accident insurance, with the insured amount of about 200,000 each, which can be purchased by all life insurance companies. Mr. Chen supplements certain outpatient insurance, and the insured amount is about RMB 100 per day. The wife supplements the purchase of appropriate hospitalization medical insurance, and the insured amount is about 3,000 yuan per expense reimbursement limit. Specific types of insurance can be considered, such as AIA's annual consumer products. These don't cost much.
2. Keep a deposit of 6,000 yuan in the bank current deposit account as an emergency reserve for basic family expenses for about 3 months.
3. The investment direction of retired old people should take safety as the first consideration, liquidity as the second consideration and profitability as the second consideration. Generally speaking, deposits, national debt, RMB financing and money funds are all low-risk products, which can be used as the main investment tools for retired elderly people.
The specific analysis is as follows
From the security point of view, the national debt is the most secure, but the investment period is relatively long, which is currently three or five years. Take this year's three-year national debt as an example. If it is withdrawn within two years, it will only bear interest at 0.72%, and a redemption fee of one thousandth will be charged. Therefore, unless it is intended to be used for a long time, it can be used for national debt investment for more than three years. RMB wealth management products are similar to money market funds. From the perspective of investment scope, they are all central bank bills, government bonds, financial bonds, agreed deposits, bond repurchases and loans. The risk is close to zero. It is suitable for investors who are unwilling to take investment risks and eager to get higher returns than savings, and belongs to savings substitution products.
Judging from the rate of return, the money fund pays dividends every month, with compound interest factors, and the actual income is slightly higher than the published annual rate of return. The yield of RMB wealth management products is mainly related to the term. In some products that have been issued, the after-tax rate of return of 1 year is about 2.8%-3.2%; For the three-year products issued by some banks, the comprehensive rate of return after tax is expected to be above 3.5%. Judging from the yield of 1 year, the two are relatively close. However, in the face of raising interest rates, money funds are less affected, adjust faster, and the yield will rise, while RMB wealth management products are similar to bonds and are subject to expected returns.
From the perspective of liquidity, compared with RMB financial management, the liquidity advantage of money funds is quite obvious. You can purchase and redeem at will on the trading day, calculate the income on the second trading day after purchase, and redeem after two trading days. These funds will be available two trading days after redemption.
From the convenience of purchase, the money fund still has advantages. Money funds only need the starting point of 1000 yuan, and can be purchased at any time, without being limited by the amount of funds. However, RMB wealth management products generally have a high starting amount and are limited by the total amount of issuance, which may not fully meet the needs of customers.
Money market funds are bound by the Fund Law and need to disclose information regularly. At present, there is no mandatory information disclosure requirement for RMB wealth management products. Of course, judging from the current reputation of banks, the risk is not great.
From the above analysis, it is suggested that customers can make the following arrangements for due deposits: keep the deposit of10% (30,000 yuan) for one year; 10% (30,000 yuan) buys 3-year treasury bonds, and 50% (15,000 yuan) buys money funds, such as Changxin Interest Income Fund, which pays interest and dividends every day; 30% (90,000 yuan) will buy RMB wealth management products, such as Benlifeng. If the bank doesn't sell it in the market, the 90,000 yuan will also be temporarily purchased from the monetary fund and redeemed at any time.
The above investment gives consideration to safety and liquidity. A current deposit of 6000 yuan is equivalent to a family's basic living expenses for three months. A small amount of investment in treasury bonds can get higher returns, and at the same time it will not be affected by too much interest rate increase; A large amount of money invested in money market funds can maintain liquidity, with relatively high returns and good security. Due to the convenience of redemption, if there are good RMB wealth management products, you can redeem the money fund and buy it at any time. According to the above ratio, the annual weighted rate of return is roughly 2.7%. The annual wealth management income is about 8 100 yuan, plus the annual savings of 36,000 yuan, totaling about 44,000 yuan. When it is implemented, a fixed amount of savings can be invested in the money fund every month or at the end of each year, so as to increase the total income and accumulate wealth at this speed. Not only can the existing interest-bearing assets of 300,000 yuan per year be safe and achieve the goal of providing for the elderly without worry for the couple, but after about 2.5 years, an education fund of 654.38+10,000 yuan can be accumulated for the grandchildren, and the fourth goal can also be achieved. Because after planning, the worries of the two old people are greatly reduced, and the two old people can appropriately increase their daily leisure expenses and annual tourism expenses, such as drinking tea in the morning and arranging one or two short trips every year, which will not affect the family's financial income and expenditure, so as to enjoy their old age in a healthier and longer life.
In addition, since it is a retirement financial planning, I suggest that the landlord consider bonds and bond+equity funds from a sound perspective.
Apart from expenses such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, the financial planning book only has a certain amount of savings in one year (10000).
How to make Qian Shengqian the most important thing for everyone, but after all, the income is limited, and many ideas are not easy to realize. At this stage, it is most important for friends to increase revenue and reduce expenditure. Increasing revenue and reducing expenditure is only a part of our life and work, just like the grassroots of a building. The most important thing is how to make a fortune and open up new financial resources. In order to achieve a new goal, you must make continuous progress for development and cultivate your own strength for progress. This is the real way to make money. You can develop your career with peace of mind, accumulate your own experience, enrich yourself and constantly improve yourself. Only in this way can you have good development, and opportunities are always given to those who are prepared.
We suggest dividing 10000 yuan into five parts and five parts of 2000 yuan, and making appropriate investment arrangements respectively. In this way, the family will not have a financial crisis and can get the greatest benefits.
(1) Buying government bonds with 2000 yuan is a very safe investment with high rate of return.
(2) Buy insurance with 2000 yuan. In the past, people's insurance awareness was very weak. In fact, buying insurance is also a better investment method, and insurance money is not within the scope of interest tax collection. In particular, all life insurance companies have introduced two types of insurance, adding a clause on "equity conversion", that is, once the bank interest rate rises, customers can switch among the insurance products sold by insurance companies, and get certain preferential policies such as price discount and underwriting exemption from insurance companies.
(3) Buy stocks or funds with 2000 yuan. This is a kind of venture capital, of course, risks and benefits coexist, as long as you choose properly, it will bring ideal return on investment. In addition to stocks, futures, investment bonds, etc. All fall into this category. However, participating in this kind of investment requires corresponding industry knowledge and strong risk awareness.
(4) Deposit 2,000 yuan in fixed deposit, which is a risk-free investment method and a guarantee for future family life.
(5) Deposit a current deposit of 2000 yuan in case of emergency. If the family is in urgent need of money for the time being, a certain amount of current savings account can solve the urgent need and is convenient to access.
Establish the concept of financial management: financial management is a fair thing. "If you don't manage money, money will ignore you."
Establish the concept of financial management: financial management should start now and persist for a long time.
Establish the concept of financial management 3: The purpose of financial management is to "comb wealth and increase life".
Five goals of financial management
Target 1: gain asset appreciation;
Goal 2: ensure the safety of funds;
Goal 3: prevent accidents;
Goal 4: Ensure the sense of security of the elderly;
Goal 5: Provide funds for supporting parents, raising and educating children.
Money is not everything in today's society, but you can't do anything without money. Don't be complacent. You may be more vulnerable to economic shocks than others. Learn to calculate life, don't let life calculate yourself. When you really need money, the important thing is that it may be too late. So, wake up early ... as the saying goes, you ignore talents and ignore you. But before answering this friend, I want to make it clear that financial management is not to teach you to make money, but to teach you to spend money reasonably. Is to teach you to control your income according to your actual income. Please be clear, it doesn't mean that you will get rich after you have this habit, but to ensure your quality of life. Ok, let's talk about your problem. As ordinary people, we often look at our meager salary and worry. From the perspective of expenditure, it generally includes the following aspects:
1: monthly living expenses, including meals, rent, utilities, etc.
2. Reciprocal human money
3. Clothing, electrical appliances and some unpredictable expenses.
4. Home for the Elderly
In terms of income, I often see that others bought several houses a few years ago, and now house prices are skyrocketing, or I feel that I am not greedy for buying stocks and miss the opportunity to make money. Faced with some expenses, I often feel that I don't want to spend money, but there is nothing to save.
What I want to say is that neither real estate speculation nor stock speculation is the most reasonable way for ordinary families to manage their finances.
First of all, we must develop good financial habits. I basically agree with the practice of splitting money upstairs.
There is no way to save money for living expenses. Why don't we make a summary of personal financial management and make a theoretical exposition, and first understand what the scope of personal financial management includes.
The scope of personal finance includes:
Making money-income
Living income includes working income generated by personal resources and financial income generated by monetary resources; Work income is to make money with people, and wealth management income is to make money with money. Therefore, the scope of financial management is wider than making money and investing. Including:
① Work income: including salary, commission, work bonus, self-operated income, etc.
② Financial income: including interest income, rental income, dividends, capital gains, etc.
(2) Monetary expenditure
Lifelong expenses include the living expenses of individuals and families from birth to death, as well as the financial expenses arising from investment and application for credit. Some people have expenses and families have burdens. The main purpose of making money is to meet personal and family expenses. Including: living expenses: including family expenses such as food, clothing, housing, entertainment and medical care. Financial expenses: including loan interest expenses, guarantee insurance expenses, investment formalities expenses, etc.
(3) Saving monetary assets
When the current income exceeds the expenditure, there will be savings, and the savings accumulated in each period are assets, that is, the principal that can help you roll money and generate investment income. In old age, when people's resources can't continue to work to generate income, they must rely on monetary resources to generate financial income or realize assets to meet the needs of the elderly. Including:
(1) emergency reserve: keep a sum of cash in case of unemployment or emergency.
② Investment: portfolio of investment tools that can be used to generate wealth management income.
(3) Purchase of property: purchase of assets that provide use value, such as houses and cars for personal use.
Borrowing-liabilities
Borrow money when cash income cannot cover cash expenditure. The reason for borrowing money may be that you can't make ends meet temporarily, and you can buy real estate or automobile appliances that can be used for a long time to expand credit investment. If the loan is not repaid immediately, it will accumulate into liabilities and pay interest according to the balance of the liabilities. Therefore, before the loan is paid off, in addition to living expenses, there will be amortization expenses of financial principal interest. Including:
① Consumer liabilities: such as credit card revolving credit, cash card balance, installment payment, etc.
(2) Investment liabilities: such as margin for margin financing and securities lending, borrowing money to invest with financial leverage.
③ Self-use assets and liabilities: such as housing loans and auto loans required for purchasing self-use assets.
(5) saving taxes
In modern society, not all income can be used to pay expenses, but income tax, property tax, gift tax or inheritance tax must be paid if there is income, so how to legally save income tax in cash flow planning and gift tax or inheritance tax in property transfer planning has become an important content of financial management and a primary consideration for high-income individuals. Including:
(1) income tax planning
② Property tax saving planning
(3) Property transfer tax planning (widely used abroad at present)
(6) Protecting money-insurance and trust
The focus of capital preservation is risk management, that is, make insurance or trust arrangements in advance to protect human resources or existing property, or obtain financial management to make up for losses when losses occur. The function of insurance is that when an accident makes the family's cash income unable to meet the expenses at that time or in the future, there is still a sum of money or income to make up the gap and reduce the impact of unexpected income and expenditure imbalance during the life journey. In order to obtain the protection of life insurance and property insurance and make up for the loss of people or things, a certain percentage of premiums must be paid. In the event of an insurance accident, the financial income generated by claims can replace the income from interrupted work to meet the living expenses of families or survivors, and can also be used to repay debts and reduce the interest expenses of financial management. In addition, the trust arrangement can make the trust property independent of other private property, free from recourse by creditors, and has the function of protecting the existing property from losses. Including:
① Life insurance: life insurance, medical insurance, accident insurance and disability insurance.
② Product insurance: fire and liability insurance.
③ Trust
After reading the classification, combined with my years of experience, I summarized the following financial management methods and only discussed them.
1: since you want to manage money, you should be rational and not become a habit. Persistence, accumulation and sensitivity are the essence of financial management.
2. Divide the income into four parts (take the income of 2,000 yuan and the existing deposit of 5,000 yuan as an example).
They are:
1. Fixed expenses (including the consumption of living materials, the use of the elderly, telephone bills, mortgage loans, car loans, etc.) are deducted from the budget by 65,438+0,000 yuan.
2. Unpredictable expenditure
Emotional consumption: weddings, class reunions, etc. Between colleagues at home, and the budget is deducted to 300 yuan.
Consumption of electrical appliances: as big as televisions and computers, as small as mobile phones and MP3 players, it is inevitable that something broken or outdated will be deposited in 200 yuan "Fund" every month.
Three: current savings (remaining 400+ emotional consumption balance+electrical consumption balance)
Four: the small vault is 50~ 100 (it must be kept every month and cannot be used at will), and it is best to have a fixed amount for easy management.
One or two items are expenditure, and three or four items are income. It shouldn't be a problem to stay in 500 yuan for such a month. In case of emergency, you can use the deposit in current savings, but the fourth item cannot be used easily.
Let me talk about the concept of consumption first.
Be good at choosing practical products, and don't easily believe in the so-called discount promotion in shopping malls. So as not to be greedy for small and lose big.
Being good at choosing durable brand-name products will first improve your quality of life, and secondly, excellent quality will make you spend less money on maintenance or even replacement after use.
Be good at choosing necessities and don't buy luxury goods easily.
Be good at choosing goods that can provide services for life now, rather than buying useless ones. For example, if you don't have children, sell the crib first. We must believe that things at home will never be added, and we must also believe that your eye for fashion will always be good. The consumer goods you buy today for tomorrow will generally be dismissed when you really need them.
Be good at extending the service life of your own items, such as mobile phones. Just be straightforward and seek truth from facts. It is not worth the loss to pursue too many functions.
Be good at creating new value by using outdated goods or newer old things. For example, selling unused furniture products and turning over old and new furniture.
Be good at calculating the value of repairing or updating secondhand goods.
Good at finding and protecting the property that can appreciate in the home, such as antiques, commemorative coins, stamps, etc.
Be good at saving.
Finally, some vulgar examples on the Internet are several stories:
10 years ago, A and B were undergraduate students. After five years as a social worker, I have saved 300 thousand. Five years ago, they all spent this 300 thousand.
A went to Tongzhou and bought a suite.
B went to buy an Audi.
Today, five years later:
A's house has a market value of 600 thousand.
B's used car has a market value of only 50,000 yuan.
Obviously, their current assets are quite different, but their income is the same, their education is the same and their social experience is basically the same. Why are their wealth different?
A spending money to buy a house is an "investment" behavior-the money is actually not spent, but transferred to the house, which will still be owned by yourself in the future.
B spending money on a car is a kind of "consumption" behavior-the money is spent and given to others. 10 years later, used cars are almost worthless. A car is different from a house. /kloc-after 0/0 years, the house may have been turned over several times.
Look at the second example:
One day, my secretary asked me a question: Mr. Chen, I think client A is a little strange. She said: Client A went to buy concert tickets. 300 yuan thinks it's too expensive. He hesitated for a long time and never bought it, but customer A was not short of money. But once, the president of an enterprise released a set of CDs of Teaching Management, and six CDs were sold at the sky-high price of 1500 yuan, but customer A did not hesitate to buy them. Why did customer A buy several CDs of 1500, and the singing tickets in 300 yuan were too expensive?
The answer is as follows: Customer A applies economic knowledge to daily life. Every time Customer A spends money, the first thing that comes to mind is whether it is an' investment' behavior or a' consumption' behavior.
Buying CDs, this 1500 yuan is an "investment" behavior, but it is not spent. It increases the knowledge of customer A and makes customer A smarter. In the future, customer A will earn 1500 yuan several times with his newly learned wisdom, and the money is still in customer A's pocket. However, buying concert tickets is a kind of "consumption" behavior. If you give them to others, you will never get them back.
I hope my painstaking answers will satisfy you, and I hope you will succeed in managing your finances.
How to calculate the family financial planning book At present, there are many personal investment and financial management methods of China Merchants Bank: regular investment, national debt, entrusted financial management, funds, gold and so on. Moreover, the investment starting point of different products is different, and the corresponding risk level is different. I suggest you go to our outlet to consult the financial manager for relevant consultation.
Introduction to Financial Planning Currency War
Kneeling for the post-80 s financial planning book to deduct the messy expenses of living expenses, the rest is divided into two parts, one for emergency funds and the other for investment.
No matter how much money you have, you must invest some of it, otherwise, you can barely live on that salary ~
How to write a summary of financial planning? First make clear which financial planning plan you want to write, then talk about the situation of this financial planning group, and finally lead to planning ideas.
This is the text summary of my graduation thesis "Design of Financial Planning Scheme for Newcomers in Zero Assets and Zero Responsibility Workplace" when I graduated last year:
According to relevant data, the number of college graduates in the 20th10 session is 6.3 million, and it is estimated that the number of graduates this year will be 6.6 million. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual graduate size will reach nearly 7 million. It can be seen that college students who have just left school, that is, newcomers with zero assets and zero liabilities, are a large group in China. When they first entered the workplace, they changed from a student who relied on their parents to a professional who relied on their own money to support themselves. How to plan your own financial management reasonably is particularly important. However, at present, many newcomers in the domestic workplace have a weak sense of financial management and lack professional financial management knowledge, which requires the guidance of professional financial planners. Therefore, it is typical to choose such customers as target customers. Based on the situation of new people with zero assets and liabilities, this paper analyzes the investment ideas and investment countermeasures of new people with zero assets and liabilities. Through specific case analysis, how do newcomers in the zero-asset and zero-debt workplace manage their finances and make their own financial planning plans.
Keywords: zero assets and zero liabilities, investment ideas and financial planning suggestions for newcomers in the workplace
I hope I can help you. Haha's laughter ...
Six habits that a good family financial planning book needs to develop.
Habit 1: record financial status. If you can measure, you can understand, and if you can understand, you can change. Without continuous, organized and accurate records, financial planning is impossible. Therefore, at the beginning of financial planning, it is necessary to record your income and expenses in detail. A good record enables you to:
1, measuring the economic situation-this is the basis for making a reasonable financial plan.
2. Effectively change the current financial behavior.
3. To measure the progress towards the goal, it is especially important to establish files and keep financial records, so that you can know your income, net assets, expenses and liabilities.
Habit 2: Clear values and economic goals.
Knowing one's own values can establish economic goals and make them clear, definite, true and feasible. Without a clear goal and direction, it is impossible to make a correct budget; If you don't have enough reasons to restrain yourself, you won't be able to achieve your desired goal in 2, 20 or even 40 years.
Habit 3: Determine net assets
Once the economic records are made, it is easy to calculate the net assets-this is also the way most financial experts calculate wealth. Why should we calculate net assets? Because only by knowing the annual net assets can we know how much we have made progress towards the goal.
Habit 4: Know your income and expenses.
Few people know how their money is spent, or even how much income they have. Without this basic information, it is difficult to make a budget and arrange the use of money reasonably. If you don't know where to spend your money, you can't change your spending reasonably.
Habit 5: Make a budget and refer to its implementation.
Wealth does not mean how much you earn, but how much you still have. It sounds that the budget is not only boring and tedious, but also seems too artificial, but through the budget, you can find out where a lot of money goes in your daily expenses. In addition, a specific budget is very beneficial for us to achieve our financial goals.
Habit 6: Cut expenses.
At first, many people complained that they could not invest more money to achieve their economic goals. In fact, the goal can not be achieved by a lot of investment. Cut expenses and save every dollar, because even a small investment may bring a lot of wealth, such as saving 100 every month. What is the result? If you start investing at the age of 24, you can earn 10% every year, then at the age of 34, you will have 20,000 yuan. The longer the investment time, the more obvious the effect of compound interest. As time goes on, the benefits brought by savings and investment become more obvious. So the earlier you start, the more you save, and the more profit you make.
Excuse me, what is the difference between a personal financial planning book and a family financial planning book in the Khufu University Student Financial Planning Competition? com？ The difference is that personal financial planning is only aimed at individuals, while family financial planning is aimed at the whole family. Of course, demand analysis is needed.
My Family Financial Planning Book Generally speaking, a complete family financial planning includes eight aspects: 1 Career planning. To choose a career, we must first correctly evaluate our personality, ability, hobbies and outlook on life, then collect a lot of information about job opportunities and recruitment conditions, and finally determine the work goal and the plan to achieve this goal. 2. Consumption and savings plan. You must decide how much of a year's income is used for current consumption and how much for saving. The tasks related to the plan are to prepare the balance sheet, annual income and expenditure statement and budget statement. 3. Debt Plan We must manage the debt, control it at an appropriate level, and reduce the debt cost as much as possible. 4. Insurance plan. With the success of your career, you have more and more fixed assets, and you need property insurance and personal credit insurance. In order for your children to live happily after you leave, you need life insurance. More importantly, in order to deal with diseases and other accidental injuries, you need medical insurance, because hospitalization expenses may wipe out your savings. 5. Investment plan. When our savings are increasing day by day, the most urgent thing is to find a portfolio that can give consideration to profitability, security and liquidity. 6. Retirement plan Retirement plan mainly includes the demand for consumption after retirement and how to meet these needs without working. It is not enough to rely solely on social endowment insurance. You must accumulate a retirement fund as a supplement when you have the ability to work. 7. The main purpose of the estate plan is to make people pay the lowest tax when they leave their property to their heirs. The main contents are an appropriate will and a set of tax avoidance measures, such as giving part of the property as a gift to the heir in advance. 8. Personal income tax is a successful sharing of individuals. On the basis of the law, you can completely achieve the effect of legal tax avoidance by adjusting your behavior.
There are relatively many aspects to consider when making a family financial planning book. For their own career planning, various living expenses at home, children's education and medical problems. In addition, we must actively carry out various financial attempts. Family financial management must be cautious, and it is best to provide full capital preservation and interest protection like a favorable network, and the principal must be guaranteed.