The United States is the third largest oil producer in the world after Saudi Arabia and the Russian Federation. According to the statistics of American Oil and Gas magazine, in 2003, American oil production was 7.9 million barrels per day, accounting for 9.2% of the world's total oil production. The daily output of crude oil is 5.7 million barrels, and the rest is liquefied natural gas (NGL). At present, the output is the lowest point in recent 50 years, which is about 25% lower than 198510.6 million barrels per day. There are about 500,000 oil producing wells in the United States, but most of them are marginal wells. According to the statistics in 2003, the main oil-producing areas are concentrated in the Gulf of Mexico, Texas onshore oil fields, the northern slope of Alaska, California, Louisiana onshore oil fields, Oklahoma and Wyoming. In 2003, 30 15 1 wells were newly drilled in the United States, including 5,694 oil wells, 2001natural gas wells and 4,446 dry wells. Compared with 25,536 wells in 2002, it increased by 18%. With the progress and development of geophysical exploration technology and drilling equipment, the output of deepwater oil fields in the Gulf of Mexico has increased rapidly, accounting for two-thirds of the oil production in the Gulf of Mexico in the United States. Because most of the energy resources in the United States are concentrated in the territory of the federal government, the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas are restricted by the federal government, so it is difficult to greatly increase oil production. Since 1980, due to the low return on energy investment, the investment in the oil industry has been greatly reduced, which has led to the aging of the existing oil supply infrastructure in the United States, such as pipeline transportation, refining and processing, and the serious shortage of production capacity. At the same time, domestic production costs are higher than the international level, and environmental protection requirements are increasingly demanding. As a result, many refineries were forced to close down. Relevant data show that there were no new refineries in the United States from the late 1980s to the 1990s. The petroleum refining and processing industries in the United States are mainly concentrated in Texas, Louisiana, California, Illinois, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Washington, Ohio and Indiana. According to the statistics of BP, the refining capacity of the United States in 2002 was 6,543,806,760 barrels per day, accounting for about 20% of the world's total refining capacity of 8,390 barrels per day.