1. Investment and financial management means that investors reasonably arrange funds and use investment and financial management tools such as savings, bank financial products, bonds, funds, stocks, futures, foreign exchange, real estate, insurance, and gold to invest in individuals, The assets of households, enterprises and institutions are managed and distributed to achieve the purpose of maintaining and increasing value, thereby accelerating the growth of assets. The term investment and financial management first appeared in newspapers in the early 1990s. With the expansion of my country's stock and bond market, the increasingly abundant commercial banks and retail businesses, and the overall income of citizens rising year by year, the concept of "financial management" has gradually become popular.

2. Investment and Financial Management Concept Editor:

When most people talk about financial management, they think of either investing or making money. In fact, the scope of financial management is very wide. Financial management is the management of a lifetime's wealth, that is, the cash flow and risk management of an individual's lifetime. Contains the following meanings:

1. Financial management is to manage a lifetime of wealth, not just to solve urgent money problems. It is a sustainable recycling process.

2. Financial management is cash flow management. Everyone needs money (cash outflow) as soon as they are born, and they also need to make money to generate cash inflow. So whether you have money or not, everyone needs to manage their finances.

3. Financial management also covers risk management. Because more future flows are uncertain, including personal risks, property risks and market risks, they will all affect cash inflows (risk of income interruption) or cash outflows (risk of increasing expenses).

3. Types of financial management:

1. Trust

Trust financial management is a property management system. Its core content is "entrusted by others, Financial management on behalf of others.” Specifically, it refers to the act of the trustor entrusting his property rights to the trustee based on his trust in the trustee, and the trustee manages or disposes of the property in his own name for the benefit of the beneficiary or for a specific purpose according to the wishes of the trustee. In 2010, the issuance scale of the trust market was 3 trillion, with an annual growth rate of more than 30%.

2. Gold speculation

Since the Bank of China launched the "Huanghuangbao" business in Shanghai specifically for individual investors, gold speculation has been a hot spot in the personal financial management market and has attracted much investment. readers’ attention and favor. Especially in the past two years, international gold prices have continued to rise. It is foreseeable that with the gradual opening up of the domestic gold investment field, the growth potential of gold demand in the future is huge. Especially after 2004, the pricing method of domestic gold jewelry will gradually change from the integration of price and fee to the separation of price and fee. The 5% consumption tax on gold jewelry is also expected to be cancelled. These will greatly promote the increase in gold investment and gold speculation. Business will also become a highlight in the field of personal financial management, truly entering the golden age of investment and financial management.

3. Funds

Since the first batch of closed-end funds were successfully issued in 1997, funds have been highly praised by domestic individual investors. As of 2012, the fund has significantly exceeded financial analysis. Deposits have become the top priority among many aspects of investment and financial management. According to relevant information, the net value of domestic funds today has exceeded 200 billion yuan. According to the survey, in 2013, many investors are still very optimistic about the advantages and characteristics of funds such as stable income and low risks, and hope to obtain ideal returns through fund investment.

4. Stock trading

Some experts have analyzed that the capital supply and demand situation will be relatively optimistic in the future, which is undoubtedly a shot in the arm for the capital-driven Chinese stock market. In addition, the China Securities Regulatory Commission has put forward more stringent requirements on the performance calculation and financing amount of listed companies, and has strengthened the regulation of the stock market, which will bring profit opportunities to investors. But no matter what, the biggest feature of the stock market is uncertainty, and opportunities and risks coexist. Therefore, investors should continue to remain cautious and invest at the right time.

5. Treasury bonds

There are many varieties in the treasury bond market, and investors have many choices. New attempts and reforms have also been made in the issuance of treasury bonds, which have further improved the marketization level of treasury bond issuance to minimize the interference of non-market factors. In addition, the secondary market for government bonds will also become the focus of development in 2013. It can be seen that this series of innovations in national debt will definitely bring more investment options and greater profit margins to investors.

6. Bonds

The popularity of the bond market is unexpected. Various signs indicate that corporate bond issuance is likely to accelerate in 2013, and corporate convertible bonds, floating-rate bonds, bank subordinated bonds, etc. may become good investments for people. In addition, the China Banking Regulatory Commission will include subordinated term debts in supplementary capital to supplement the capital structure of commercial banks, making bank bond issuance imminent, which will fuel the resurgence of the bond market.

7. Foreign exchange

As the U.S. dollar exchange rate continues to decline, more and more people have made considerable profits through personal foreign exchange transactions, which has also made the foreign exchange market extremely hot. . Various foreign exchange financial management products have also been launched one after another, such as Huishitong of commercial banks, Foreign Exchange Bao of Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China, and Express Huitong of China Construction Bank, etc. for investors to choose from. In 2013, our government will continue to adhere to the principle of RMB stability and adopt measures such as linking RMB and foreign exchange and increasing enterprises' foreign exchange autonomy to promote the healthy development of the foreign exchange market. Therefore, relevant experts analyze that there will be greater room for investment profits in the foreign exchange market and there will be more opportunities.

8. Insurance

Compared with the tepid insurance market, income insurance has been highly sought after by people as soon as it was launched. Income insurance generally has many varieties. It not only has the most basic protection function of insurance, but also can bring considerable income to investors. It can be said to be a win-win situation for protection and investment. Therefore, purchasing income insurance is expected to become a new investment and financial management hotspot for individuals.

9. P2P

"P2P" means "person-to-person". It is a new generation of private lending closely related to innovative technologies and innovative financial models such as the Internet and microfinance. form, it maximizes the possibility of transparent, open, direct, and safe small credit transactions for familiar or unfamiliar individuals, and is young, innovative, cautious, and low-key.

10. Real estate investment

Off-plan properties generally refer to properties that have not yet been completed and accepted. In Hong Kong, off-plan properties are also called "off-plan properties". Because developers selling off-plan properties can be used as a financing method to collect cash in advance, which is conducive to capital flow and reduces risks, they often give a more favorable discount when setting prices. The general discount range is 10%, and some reach 20% or even higher. At the same time, if you invest in off-plan properties, you may be the first to buy a house with better orientation, floor, etc. However, investment risks in off-plan properties are relatively high, and investors need to make a correct judgment on the strength of the developer and the prospects of the property.