It is said that more than a thousand years ago, a shepherd found that sheep ate a plant, became very excited and lively, and then discovered coffee. It is also said that a coffee forest was accidentally burned by wildfire, and the smell of barbecue coffee attracted the attention of the surrounding residents.
Local aborigines often grind the fruit of coffee tree, then mix it with animal fat and knead it into many spherical balls. These indigenous tribes regard these coffee balls as precious food for soldiers who are about to go out. It was not until 1 1 century or so that people began to use brewed coffee as a drink. /kloc-In the 3rd century, Ethiopian troops invaded Yemen and brought coffee to the Arab world.
Because Islam forbids believers to drink alcohol, some religious people think that this kind of drink stimulates the nerves and violates the teachings. There was a time when coffee shops were banned and closed, but the Sultan of Egypt thought that coffee did not violate the teachings, so the ban was lifted and coffee drinks quickly became popular in the Arab region. The word coffee comes from Arabic Qahwa, which means "plant drink", and later spread to Turkey, becoming the source of this word in European languages. Arabs have also gradually improved the cultivation and production methods of coffee.
Extended data
The development of coffee in China:
By the end of March, 20 14, the coffee harvest in Yunnan province, where the coffee planting area and output accounted for more than 99% of the country, was coming to an end. Affected by the international market, after more than two years of "price winter", the purchase price of coffee beans soared in 20 14, from per kilogram 13 yuan to 25 yuan.
Although soaring prices stimulated market confidence, during the 20 13 to 20 14 cropping season, the coffee production in China decreased from 80,000 tons in the previous cropping season to less than 60,000 tons. In the absence of large leading coffee enterprises and local brands, the pressure of reducing production makes it more urgent for China's coffee industry to "break through" from the origin of raw materials.
According to the survey, the coffee planting area in Yunnan increased from more than 300,000 mu in 2008 to more than 2065,438+04/kloc-0.4 million mu, and the output increased from about 30,000 tons in 2065,438+03 to more than 80,000 tons, accounting for more than 99% of the national coffee planting area and output, making it the largest coffee producing area in China.
According to coffee industry insiders, the price trend of Yunnan coffee in recent 20 years is almost once every 10 year. In 20 10, the price of coffee in Yunnan reached 4 1 yuan per kilogram, a record high. From 20 12 to the beginning of 20 14, influenced by the drop in international coffee futures prices, the price was as low as per kilogram 13 yuan, and the coffee planting industry entered the "price winter" for two consecutive years.
20 14, 1 At the end of the year, with the rebound of international coffee futures prices, Yunnan coffee prices also rose rapidly. "In the past February, the international coffee price created the biggest monthly increase in 20 years, from165438+ 1 14 cents per pound on October 28th to 180 cents per pound on February 28th."
There are three reasons for the rapid rise of coffee prices: First, the climate in Brazil, the world's largest coffee producer, has been dry since the end of 20 13, which is expected to affect coffee production; Second, some coffee producing countries in Central and South America are affected by coffee rust, and coffee production is expected to decrease; Third, coffee futures have been in a long-term downturn, and coffee futures speculators intend to raise the price of coffee and activate the coffee futures market.
"The coffee harvest of 20 14 is coming to an end, but the coffee production in the province is less than 60,000 tons. The output of Pu 'er coffee also decreased by at least 30% on the basis of 20 13. "Despite the soaring purchase price, the sharp drop in coffee production has cast a shadow over the coffee planting industry in China.
Since 20 14, Nestle, Starbucks and Camille have increased their efforts to develop raw materials in Yunnan, and Yunnan small coffee has also been sold to more than 20 countries and regions such as Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, but overall, Yunnan coffee industry is still in its infancy, and its "breakthrough" is not optimistic.
At present, China's coffee deep processing industry lacks large-scale comprehensive leading enterprises, and there are only a handful of local coffee brands, which have not played a leading role in market share and market evaluation at home and abroad.
According to an online survey, 47% netizens like to drink instant coffee, while 72% netizens value the taste of coffee most. China people's habit of drinking coffee may have started after 1990s, and now many city people have become dependent on coffee. Although the annual consumption of coffee in China is only 200,000 tons, the per capita consumption is increasing at a rate of 30%, and it is expected to become the most potential coffee consumer in the world.
Baidu encyclopedia-coffee