The "formaldehyde beer incident" has caused a lot of uproar, and its international influence is extremely bad.
The reason is that some domestic media reports that "the formaldehyde content in domestic beer exceeds the standard" are inaccurate. This kind of report is untrue, and Sina website has performed it several times.
However, such cases as the "Formaldehyde Beer Incident" that seriously damaged the national reputation and seriously endangered the national interests are still very rare. In my opinion, truth is the life of news, and some media really want to violate it for their own interests, which is your own business; However, under any circumstances, it is forbidden to damage the reputation of the motherland, to harm the interests of the motherland, and to talk about our national interests! With the rapid development of China's beer industry, since 22, China's beer output has been ranked first in the world for three consecutive years. Most well-known domestic enterprises have introduced advanced production and processing technologies and production equipment from Germany and the United States, which has comprehensively improved the overall quality level of China's beer industry, and some key enterprises have ranked among the advanced in the world.
At present, the annual export value of beer in China is about 76 million US dollars. Beer industry has become one of the important pillar industries in China.
Therefore, the consequences of this "formaldehyde beer incident" are serious and unimaginable. .
2. Feel the history of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties
The story of Jiang Taigong fishing and willing to take the bait is that Jiang Taigong lived in seclusion by the Wei River and fished every day.
He is different in fishing, with a short rod and a straight hook without bait. How can you catch fish like this? There is a big conspiracy hidden in the story of Jiang Taigong fishing, which is a false story fabricated by an interest group to cover up an ulterior secret.
As we all know, Jiang Taigong always pours a glass of wine into the river before fishing and asks the river god to bless him to catch fish. The problem lies in this cup of wine. After several years' analysis of the deep sludge under the river where Jiang Taigong fished by the Wei River, it shows that the methanol content in the sludge is thousands of times higher than that in nature! The analysis of the surrounding silt shows that the methanol content in the upstream is not obviously different from that in the natural world, while the methanol content in the downstream is parabolic, and the scattered area of methanol is centered on the fishing point and forms an arc facing the downstream.
These data show that a large amount of methanol was injected into the fishing spot. The carbon cycle analysis of the silt layer with methanol shows that the methanol has existed for more than 3, years, which is consistent with the fishing age of Jiang Taigong. After such a long history, the content of methanol is actually so much higher than that of nature, which shows the great concentration at that time! Through this series of evidences, the mystery of this eternal mystery was finally uncovered. The fact that Jiang Taigong fished and the willing person took the bait was this: At that time, the wine poured into the river in Jiang Taigong contained high concentration of methanol, but the toxicity was greatly reduced because it was diluted by a large number of rivers, which was not enough to die, but it was enough to cause a large number of fish to go blind. In a state of being half drunk and blind, the fish can't tell the direction, so a large number of them rushed to the shore.
A large number of fish washed up on the shore, which puzzled Jiang Taigong greatly. After investigation, it was finally known that the wine was poisonous. After tracing the source of the poisoned wine, it was found that the supplier of the wine was the largest wine group at that time, and the boss behind it was Xibo Hou Jichang. Originally, Jiang Taigong was going to claim compensation from Xibo Hou Jichang, but this wine group was a key tax unit of the country at that time, and the investors held a high position. It was unwise for a doctor to challenge them clearly, and the fishery law at that time stipulated that illegal fishing would be severely punished, or it might be countered, which would not only benefit you, but also protect your life.
the liquor group is also afraid that the publicity of this matter will affect its performance. After many discussions between the two sides, it decided to settle it privately. The conditions of both sides are: Xibo Hou Jichang recruited Jiang Taigong to enjoy the treatment of senior talents, and Jiang Taigong kept this matter a secret.
In order to hide people's eyes and ears, I made up a mysterious story of "Jiang Taigong fishing, and those who wish to take the bait" to deceive everyone. 3. What is the historical origin of Huang Juhua?
Chrysanthemum plays an important role in China's flower and tree culture.
As early as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it was recorded that "Chrysanthemum was honored in September", and Qu Yuan was the first person to compare himself with chrysanthemums. He waved ink in Lisao to describe himself as "the fall of autumn chrysanthemums in the evening" and "would rather hold fragrant branches and grow old than dance with yellow leaves". The founder of the real chrysanthemum culture is Tao Yuanming in Jin Dynasty. This "chrysanthemum friend" is accompanied by chrysanthemum day and night, so that his residence is also "autumn chrysanthemum garden". He enjoys the depth of chrysanthemum, which is unparalleled throughout the ages.
Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty described the countryside of "wait till the Mountain Holiday, I am coming again in chrysanthemum time" enjoying chrysanthemums. At the same time, Huang Chao's "Golden Flower in the City" has become the talk of modern people. In the Song Dynasty, it was the grand scene of Chongyang, where restaurants were all tied with chrysanthemums to form caves.
Li Mengyang, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, said "Only in this autumn, endure for chrysanthemums" and Emperor Qianlong's "Maple leaves are falling, frost flowers are piling up chrysanthemums", both of which show that chrysanthemums are flourishing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Many chrysanthemum poems in A Dream of Red Mansions are even more important.
In these chrysanthemum chapters, there is nothing related to mourning. 4. Seeking relevant information about methanol
The methanol production capacity in China seems to be a mystery, and the number is so huge that investors can "talk about it".
some people say that China's methanol production capacity will reach a historical high of 45 million tons/year in 21, and even a chemical analyst has calculated that China's methanol production capacity will reach 64 million tons/year in the next few years. Compared with China's domestic market's ability to digest methanol, this figure is inevitably frightening.
Chen Weiguo, secretary general of China Alcohol Ether Professional Committee, who was interviewed by the reporter, said that the rationality of investors and the actual market demand will ultimately determine the methanol production capacity. Chen Weiguo told reporters that in the next 2-3 years, there will be a historic breakthrough in the release of methanol production capacity in China, and the global methanol production capacity will also continue to climb.
there may be a breakthrough in the methanol digestion channel with the release of methanol capacity. What is the real methanol production capacity in China in 21? Chen Weiguo told reporters frankly that at present, no department has conducted accurate statistics on it, and it is impossible to conduct accurate statistics on it.
This is because methanol is an intermediate chemical product. As the market changes, manufacturers will adjust their output at any time. Relevant data show that in recent years, China's methanol production has increased very rapidly.
the output was 1,488,7 tons in 1998, 1,986,9 tons in 2, 3,26, tons in 23, 4,46,5 tons in 24, 5,69, tons in 25 and 7,62, tons in 26. The estimated output in 27 is around 9 million tons.
Chen Weiguo has done an incomplete statistics on methanol planning projects in China, and the statistical result is that there are about 88 projects with 48.5 million tons/year. Among them, 14 items of methanol are made from natural gas, with 7.7 million tons/year; 11 items of methanol production from coke oven gas, 3.5 million tons/year; There are 63 projects to produce methanol from coal, with a capacity of 37.75 million tons/year (Phase I).
if the second-phase planning project is included, the total capacity of methanol projects in China will reach 63.95 million tons/year. "Whether these planning projects can actually produce capacity ultimately depends on the market."
Chen Weiguo said, after all, investors are rational now, and investment is about returns. He made a conservative estimate on the supply of methanol capacity in China: 2 million tons/year in 21 and 24 million tons/year in 215.
Chen Weiguo told reporters that the global methanol price soared at the end of 26, which was actually caused by the decline of foreign production capacity; Since the beginning of this year, the global methanol production capacity has grown very rapidly. "In 25, the global methanol production capacity was 48.6 million tons and the output was 36 million tons; The methanol production capacity will reach 64 million tons in 21 and 72 million tons in 215. The target market of new equipment is mainly aimed at Asia and China. "
during 26-28, there were 24.25 million tons/year of methanol projects under construction in the world. There are 18 sets of projects with a capacity of more than 9, tons/year.
Among them, the projects under construction in Saudi Arabia are nearly 2.8 million tons/year, and Iran is 3 million tons/year. By 21, the supply of methanol in the Middle East will increase by 15 million tons/year, while that in South America will increase by about 7 million tons/year.
The Middle East and other places are rich in natural gas, and the price is only equivalent to RMB .15-.3/m3. The total cost of making methanol and transporting it to the coast of China is only about 1 yuan/ton. While the global methanol production capacity is increasing, some methanol plants will be closed one after another.
Among them, North America will close 4 million tons/year before 28, and Western Europe will close its production capacity by 1.5-1.8 million tons/year. With the increase of methanol production capacity in the world, the opening of digestion channels is also imminent.
Chen Weiguo told reporters that the traditional methanol consumption has not changed much. "The amount of methanol used as fuel or the production of dimethyl ether to extract olefins and other chemical raw materials is amazing, but it is estimated that it will be after 21 to form a scale."
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Relevant data show that China's methanol production capacity has accounted for 1/4 of the world's production capacity, and there are many methanol projects under construction and planned in China with a total capacity of over 15 million tons/year. If these projects can be carried out smoothly, it is expected that by 211. This indicates that China will grow from an original methanol importer to an exporter, and it is developing into a powerful methanol country in the world, which has become a new focus of the world methanol market.
However, under the current situation, there are opportunities and risks in developing methanol industry in China. "Four Opportunities" have heated up methanol. In China, good national policies have become the number one opportunity for the development of methanol industry.
China is the second largest energy producer and consumer in the world. In 26, the apparent consumption of crude oil in China was 322 million tons, the imported crude oil was 145 million tons, and the external dependence of oil was 43%. The shortage of oil supply has become one of the main contradictions affecting China's economic and social development. For the sake of energy security, the state has put forward a major strategic measure of "developing alternative energy" with a view to long-term development. The Development Plan of Coal Chemical Industry compiled by the National Development and Reform Commission has planned the development of coal-to-methanol alternative energy. At the same time, according to the national planning principles and local resource conditions, all parts of the country are actively organizing the preparation of corresponding industrial development plans, implementing construction projects and formulating relevant product standards.
It can be predicted that the methanol market in China will flourish in the near future. The extraordinary development of methanol industry in China and the rapid expansion of production capacity make the whole industry face integration opportunities.
At present, more than 3 countries in the world have established methanol production plants. In 26, the total methanol production capacity in the world was 49.65 million tons, and it will reach 5.99 million tons in 21. The world's methanol production is mainly large-scale, and the devices with capacity of more than 3, tons/year account for 8% of the world's total methanol production capacity.
To become bigger and stronger, methanol enterprises in China must improve their comprehensive strength and become internationally competitive enterprises through industry integration. There are many opportunities for the downstream development of methanol industry.
Because methanol is one of the important basic chemical raw materials, and there are many downstream products, it can be used to produce a series of organic chemical products such as formaldehyde, acetic acid, synthetic rubber, methylamine, dimethyl terephthalate, methyl methacrylate, methyl chloride, methyl tert-butyl ether, etc., and it can also be blended with gasoline or used instead of gasoline as power fuel and used to synthesize methanol protein. Among the basic organic chemical raw materials in the world, the consumption of methanol ranks fourth after ethylene, propylene and benzene.
from 23 to 26, China's GDP has maintained a growth rate of about 1%. With the rapid development of the national economy, the methanol industry has maintained a rapid growth trend, although there are many uncertain factors in the downstream new consumption areas. 5. What are the histories of distilled spirits
The earliest distilled spirits in the world were invented by Celtic, an ancient resident of Ireland and Scotland, in BC.
At that time, Celts used pottery distillers to brew strong spirits with high alcohol content, which was also the origin of whisky. The word whisky comes from the Celtic language, which means "water of life".
in a.d. 43, the Roman army conquered Britain and brought metal manufacturing technology, which improved the traditional Celtic distillation method, improved the sealing of the distiller, reduced the escape of alcohol vapor, and improved the distillation efficiency, resulting in a great increase in whisky production. By the 1th century, the brewing technology of whisky was basically mature.
In China, Xu Shen in the Han Dynasty was afraid of "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", which recorded: "Shao Kang, a frantic person, first made a dustpan, broom and wine." Shao Kang is Du Kang and sorghum, which means the dustpan and sorghum wine first invented by Du Kang.
This shows that China used grain to make wine at least 2, years ago BC, but it was only yellow wine that was made at that time. It was not until the 1th century that China people mastered the distillation technology that they began to make white wine. Distilled liquor in China is mostly brewed in clay kilns with pottery jars, so it contains no pigment.
However, foreign distilled spirits are mostly brewed in various wooden barrels, with spices and caramel added, so they present different colors. Brandy is distilled wine with grapes as raw materials, with a purity of 4%-5%. Brandy originated in West Asia.
During the Crusades in the 1th-13th century A.D., brandy brewing technology was brought back to Europe from * * * people. Rum, also translated as rum, is molasses distilled liquor.
It was born in Barbados, West Indies in about 165, and is loved by Americans. It was once called "rumhulion", and since 1667 it has been called Rum for short.
Rum with heavy and strong taste contains 43%-49% alcohol. Vodka is a colorless and transparent distilled liquor with no unique aroma and flavor, containing 33%-45% alcohol.
It was first invented by Russia in the 14th century. Vodka is made from the cheapest fermentation materials, potatoes are used in Russia and Poland, and grains are mostly used in other producing areas. Because the aroma components are removed during processing, the texture is very pure.
Vodka ── a name comes from Russian water (Voda). It was first popular in Russia and Poland, and spread to the United States and western Europe after World War II.
Because vodka is colorless and tasteless, Europe and America often use it instead of other spirits to prepare mixed drinks such as cocktails without the original flavor of spirits.