The characteristics of the crime of illegal business operations are: 1. The object of the offender’s infringement is the state’s market management system. 2. The objective aspect of the perpetrator is that he violates national regulations, engages in illegal business activities, disrupts market order, and commits serious acts. Article 225 of the "Criminal Law" stipulates that whoever violates state regulations and commits any of the following illegal business activities, disrupting market order, and the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention, and shall also or solely be fined twice the amount of illegal income A fine of not less than five times but not more than five times; if the circumstances are particularly serious, the person shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years, and shall also be fined not less than one time but not more than five times of the illegal income or have property confiscated: (1) Unauthorized operation of franchised or specialty items stipulated in laws and administrative regulations or other restricted items; (2) Buying and selling import and export licenses, import and export certificates of origin, and other business licenses or approval documents stipulated in laws and administrative regulations; (3) Illegal operations without the approval of the relevant national competent authorities Securities, futures, insurance business, or illegally engaged in fund payment and settlement business; (4) Other illegal business activities that seriously disrupt market order.