Andrew Grove, president of Intel Corporation, Gordon Moore, one of the founders of Intel Corporation and inventor of Moore's Law, Bill Joy, one of the founders and president of Sun Microsystems Corporation, and Steve Wozniak, founder of Apple Computer Corporation, all founded companies that have become the global IT industry standards in different directions and fields. They are all from Berkeley. Jiao Lizhong, the world's first Chinese astronaut, Peter Chernin, chairman of 20th Century Fox Company of the United States, and earl warren, Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, are also outstanding students of Berkeley.
Berkeley has extensive ties with China and Southeast Asian countries. Professor Chen Shengshen, a famous mathematician, Professor Li Yuanzhe, a Nobel Prize winner, and Professor Zhao Yuanren, a master of Chinese studies, all studied and worked in Berkeley. The younger generation, including Qian Yingyi, a famous economist, and Yang Peidong, a rising star in the field of nano research in the world, have also become the pride of Berkeley.
"A university that brings more glory and joy to Californians than gold."
/kloc-In the first half of the 9th century, with the rapid advance of the westward movement of the United States, the "gold rush" and "gold rush" swept through the southwest areas such as California, and people from all directions struggled hard and plundered mercilessly for their own interests. Rich treasures were savagely swallowed up, and vast fertile fields were full of chaos and noise. Seeing this situation, people of insight in California issued a deafening cry: "Before mining mineral deposits, we must first develop our talents." Thus, while "money in the pocket", the voice of "money in the brain" resounded through the western wasteland. A group of far-sighted drafters of the California Constitution asked the legislature of this new state to "encourage the development of knowledge, science, morality and agriculture in various ways". They dream of having a university, which "will bring more glory and joy to Californians than gold".
1868 On March 23, the governor of California signed a decree to merge private California colleges with public agricultural, mining and mechanical colleges to form the University of California, located in Berkeley near San Francisco Bay. Now the University of California has ten campuses, but Berkeley is still the flagship of the University of California system.
Today, California leads the 50 states in industrial and agricultural development. If counted as a country, its gross output value of workers and peasants can rank eighth in the world. /kloc-today, more than 30 years later, the University of California, Berkeley is a world-renowned top research university, constantly cultivating talents from all walks of life for the United States and other countries in the world. This public university, together with private Stanford University and California Institute of Technology, supports the academic backbone in the west, comparable to the Ivy League universities in the eastern United States.
There is no doubt that the dream of the founders of California for a university that brings glory and joy to Californians has come true in Berkeley. The development of Berkeley 130 years is one of the manifestations of the development of California and the western United States. Early California brought people golden dreams, so it was called "Golden State". Today, California is a pioneer of high technology in the world. Silicon Valley in the San Francisco Bay Area has made countless IT geniuses realize their dreams. Their career and discovery changed the world. Berkeley played an important role in the formation and development of Silicon Valley.
A campus where classical and modern architectural arts blend.
Berkeley campus covers an area of more than 65,438+0,230 acres, extending from downtown Berkeley to the foothills of Berkeley covered with trees. The campus is shaded by trees all year round, the lawn is like a carpet, and flowers are in full bloom. More than 80 towering buildings are scattered among them, which is even more beautiful and elegant, making people linger. In the square behind the Devinast Humanities Building, deep in the campus, stands a tall tower, which is the landmark building of Berkeley. Certa is modeled after the Venetian Santa Kyle Tower, which is 307 feet high. There are 12 big copper clocks in the tower, with different sizes, and the largest one weighs 4 1 18 kg. There is a clock with 48 bells at the top of the tower. The big clock rings three times a day and strikes the hour 24 hours a day. The bell is melodious and reverberates throughout the campus for a long time, which makes people feel interesting. When you climb the tower, you can overlook it, but you can see all the buildings and inlets in San Francisco, like the Golden Gate Bridge in Changhong.
The diverse architectural styles of the campus and the atmosphere of the school all reflect the ideal of "knowledge city". The most representative Campanile, Doe Library and Greek Theatre were completed between 1902 and 19 17 under the supervision of architect John Galen Howard. The architecture designed by this famous architect embodies the beauty, elegance and nobility of European classical thought, and its rich humanistic color is in sharp contrast with other buildings with more modern architectural style around. These two completely different architectural styles have not made the campus chaotic. On the contrary, the blending of classical and modern styles vividly shows the diversity of human wisdom.
"Children from civilian backgrounds also dream of receiving the best education in the world."
1997, after obtaining a master's degree from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Jiang Guohua entered Berkeley to pursue a doctorate. In 2004, Jiang Guohua was an assistant professor in the accounting department of Guanghua School of Management, Peking University. When it comes to Berkeley, Dr. Jiang's words are full of pride. He said that children from civilian backgrounds would dream of receiving the best education in the world. Berkeley can give them a chance to realize this dream.
A group of far-sighted drafters of the California Constitution asked the legislature of this new state to "encourage the development of knowledge, science, morality and agriculture in various ways". They dream of having a university, which "will bring more glory and joy to Californians than gold".
Dr. Jiang said that American universities are divided into public universities and private universities. Public universities are mainly invested by the government to provide financial sources; Private schools mainly rely on alumni donations, and many famous schools such as Harvard and Stanford are private universities. As a public university, Berkeley serves all residents in California. She provides opportunities for any outstanding student with dreams to realize them, regardless of wealth, race or status. The undergraduate tuition in Berkeley is less than half or even less than that in ordinary private universities, which creates opportunities for outstanding students from poor families to receive first-class education.
Berkeley's enrollment policy has long been an affirmative action, giving ethnic minority students more opportunities. In recent years, Berkeley has not only considered students' achievements, but also considered the family and community environment in which students grew up, the difficulties and challenges they faced in their growth and how they responded to them. All these policies have brought more children from poor families and ethnic minorities opportunities for fair competition. Jiang Guohua said: "when I was studying in Berkeley, they had a saying: smart and well-off children can go to Stanford;" Children who are smart but have tight family finances can come to Berkeley. " However, the quality of Berkeley is not inferior to any other school, providing students with a series of good auxiliary teaching conditions such as small class learning environment and modern instruments and equipment.
Dr. Jiang recalled that Berkeley welcomed students from other States and other countries in the United States, where you could see all kinds of national costumes, hear all kinds of languages and eat all kinds of food from different countries. In fact, in 2003, there were 33,076 students in Berkeley, of whom only 34% were white and 34% were Asian. Among them, Chinese account for 65,438+06% of the total number of students, and most of them are African-Americans and South Americans. The Berkeley campus is undoubtedly one of the most racially diverse communities in the United States.
"Academic Spirit and Peer Pressure"
During the period of 1995, in the national academic level evaluation once every ten years, 35 of the 36 disciplines in Berkeley ranked in the top ten. 65,438+08 Professor Berkeley and a large number of Berkeley graduates won the Nobel Prize, including Professor george akerlof and Professor mcfadden who won the economics prize in recent years. In addition, Professor Berkeley also includes a large number of academicians of American Academy of Sciences (such as American Academy of Sciences 127) and famous prize winners (such as 137 Fulbright Prize winners).
Children from civilian backgrounds also dream of receiving the best education in the world. Berkeley can give them a chance to realize this dream.
There are many important research institutions in Berkeley, including three world-famous large-scale research centers of the US Energy Development Agency: Lawrence Berkeley Experimental Research Center, Lawrence Vermore Laboratory and Alamos Laboratory. Among them, Lawrence Burke Experimental Research Center is a world-famous physics research center with a huge scale and 54 experimental buildings. This research center alone has won eight Nobel Prizes! Alamos Laboratory was established in Berkeley 1943, which is an important base for the development of nuclear weapons in the United States. It has made important contributions to the development of the first atomic bomb and the first hydrogen bomb in the United States. J Rogers Oppenheimer, a famous physicist and the father of American atomic bomb, is an outstanding scientist in this laboratory.
All these achievements are inseparable from Berkeley's diligence, relaxation, freedom, encouragement of creativity and independent academic atmosphere. Behind the seemingly free and loose culture is actually the rigorous spirit of teaching and scientific research. Jiang Guohua told a short story that he still remembers.
At Haas Business School, where Dr. Jiang studied, it is usually understandable that young assistant professors spend most of their weekends and holidays at work, because they are under pressure to prove themselves. However, many tenured professors often work on weekends and holidays. "Every time I ask my tutor, Professor Brett Truman, to talk about the research progress, he always replies' 8 o'clock tomorrow morning' quickly. On February 30th, one year 12, I sent him an email to make an appointment, and he actually replied' 8 o'clock tomorrow morning' on the same day. I was a little caught off guard. I thought there were still a few days before and after the Spring Festival to consider talking more. I don't want him to come to work in the office on June 5438+February 3 1. "
Berkeley professors keep the habit of "opening the door". Students can talk about academic issues in the teacher's office at any time without making an appointment. If professors were not inseparable, they would discuss with great interest.
Berkeley people advocate democracy, freedom, independence and criticism. Professors will not impose their opinions or research interests on students. As students, we can choose a topic that is different from the research direction of our tutor, and the tutor will also study this topic with the students. Tutors will repeatedly emphasize "where your research is different from others", "whether your method is rigorous" and "whether your conclusion can stand scrutiny" when guiding students. Professors not only ask students to do this, but also ask professors to do this. Professors often blush at weekly seminars. It is through such discussion and criticism that an article becomes more and more refined. In Berkeley, academic excellence is a pervasive atmosphere that infects everyone. "Peer pressure" makes any professor feel invisible pressure from around him if he gives up or relaxes his research work.
Many famous professors in Berkeley are very approachable. Even though they are famous in the outside world, they are still doing their research flatly. Jiang Guohua remembers that he attended Professor mcfadden's class. The Nobel Prize winner spends most of his time doing research and writing articles, and seldom watches him go out to give speeches or do other remarkable things. "Academic spirit attracts talents who are dedicated to scientific research, and talents who are dedicated to scientific research further maintain and carry forward the academic spirit. So Berkeley and other similar universities can last for a long time. " Dr. Jiang was deeply touched.
"Your ideas will always be respected."
The University of California is famous for its academic freedom and student autonomy. The sea is wide and the fish jumps, and the sky is high and birds fly. In Berkeley, without the constraints of conservative traditions and insurmountable rules, your ideas will always be respected, even if others don't agree with you. It is this kind of free thought that originated from the development of the western region that gave birth to countless new ideas and great new discoveries at the University of California, Berkeley.
Another tradition of Berkeley is the unremitting pursuit of human rights, democracy and freedom, which is one reason why many students dream of Berkeley. In the 1960s, because of the anti-Vietnam War, it became one of the birthplaces of the "freedom of speech" movement in the United States. Dr. Jiang clearly remembers that there is a "People's Park" next to the Berkeley campus, which is famous as a meeting place against the Vietnam War. Berkeley people have always been proud of the People's Park as a symbol of the "freedom of speech movement". During the apartheid period in South Africa, Berkeley struggled with the teachers and students of other branches of the University of California, forcing the authorities of the University of California to stop investing in American companies related to the apartheid government in South Africa.
In the square of Berkeley University, there are often various assemblies and demonstrations. The reasons for these demonstrations are varied. Some demonstrations are because the living allowance for graduate students is too low, and students express dissatisfaction; Some are due to some major events in the international situation, such as the large-scale demonstrations held by Berkeley teachers and students when the United States invaded Iraq.
The Pride of China —— Chairman Tian Changlin
Dr. Jiang Guohua said that when we talk about Berkeley, we can't help but mention Professor Tian Changlin, who used to be the principal of Berkeley. Professor Tian is not only the pride of Berkeley, but also the pride of China people. From 65438 to 0990, Tian Changlin became the president of Berkeley University, the first Chinese in American history, and the only Chinese who served as president of a major research university in the United States. Born in Wuhan, Hubei Province, grew up in Shanghai and Taiwan Province Province, studied in the United States, and obtained a doctorate from Princeton University. He is a professor at Berkeley Institute of Engineering.
President Tian Changlin has a great and far-reaching influence on Berkeley and even China society. It is said that when he first arrived in America, Tian Changlin was studying in a school in the south. When he went to school by bus for the first time, he found that the first half of the bus was white and the second half was black. He doesn't know where to sit. Later, the driver asked him to sit in the front. Since then, Tian Changlin would rather walk than take a bus. This incident had a great influence on Tian Changlin. After he became the president of Berkeley, he vigorously promoted racial diversity on campus.
Today, President Tian's efforts are very effective, and Berkeley has become one of the most racially diverse communities in the United States. The University of California has long implemented an affirmative action in the process of enrollment, mainly to reserve a certain proportion of admission places for African-American and South American high school students. 1997, the university board of directors cancelled this policy. In order to protest this decision, President Tian Changlin resolutely resigned from the post of President of Berkeley, and his behavior won wide acclaim from American society. After Hong Kong's return to China, Professor Tian Changlin was invited by the Chief Executive, Tung Chee-hwa, to be the chairman of the Hong Kong Science and Technology Development Committee, making suggestions on the development policy of Hong Kong.
"Academic spirit attracts talents who are dedicated to scientific research, and talents who are dedicated to scientific research further maintain and carry forward the academic spirit. So Berkeley and other similar universities can last for a long time. "
Dr. Jiang said: "Chairman Tian Changlin is very approachable. Once, I had dinner with some classmates from Peking University in a restaurant in Berkeley. I met Professor Tian who came to eat. I heard that we are students in Peking University. He was very happy to chat with us and talked with our principal Chen Jiaer about our primary school. "