Securities investment fund is a collective securities investment model with coexisting interests and sharing risks, that is, by issuing fund shares, investors' funds are concentrated, managed by fund custodians and managed and used by fund managers. People usually refer to funds mainly as securities investment funds. There are three main analysis methods of securities investment: basic analysis, technical analysis and evolution analysis, in which the basic analysis is mainly applied to the selection of investment objects, while the technical analysis and evolution analysis are mainly applied to the temporal and spatial judgment of specific investment operations as an important supplement to improve the effectiveness and reliability of investment analysis.

According to different standards, investment funds can be divided into different types.

1. According to whether the fund units can be increased or redeemed, investment funds can be divided into open-end funds and closed-end funds. Open-end fund refers to an investment fund with a fixed scale. After the fund is established, investors can purchase or redeem the fund shares at any time. Closed-end fund refers to an investment fund whose fund scale has been determined before issuance and fixed within a specified period after issuance.

2. According to different organizational forms, investment funds can be divided into corporate investment funds and contractual investment funds. Corporate investment fund is a profit-oriented joint-stock investment company composed of investors with common investment goals, and invests their assets in specific objects; Contractual investment funds, also known as trust investment funds, refer to investment funds formed by fund sponsors issuing fund shares according to fund contracts concluded with fund managers and fund custodians.

3. According to the difference between investment risk and expected annualized expected return, investment funds can be divided into growth investment funds, income investment funds and balanced investment funds. Growth-oriented investment funds refer to investment funds whose investment purpose is to pursue long-term capital growth; Income fund refers to an investment fund whose purpose is to bring high-level current income to investors; Balanced investment fund refers to the investment fund whose purpose is to pay the current income and pursue the long-term growth of capital.

4. According to different investors, investment funds can be divided into stock funds, bond funds, money market funds, futures funds, option funds, index funds and warrant funds. Stock fund refers to an investment fund with stocks as the investment object; Bond funds refer to investment funds that invest in bonds; Money market funds refer to investment funds that invest in short-term securities in the money market, such as treasury bills, negotiable certificates of deposit of large banks, commercial bills, corporate bonds, etc. Futures funds refer to investment funds that mainly invest in various futures varieties; Option fund refers to an investment fund that takes stock options that can distribute dividends as the investment object; Index fund refers to an investment fund that takes the price index of a securities market as the investment object; Warrant fund refers to an investment fund with warrants as its investment object.

Different types of funds have different risks.

1, equity fund. Mainly invest in stocks and bonds, and the stock ratio is generally not less than 60%; It has obvious characteristics of high expected annualized expected income and high risk; It is mainly suitable for active investors who are willing to take higher risks and pursue high expected annualized expected returns.

2. Funds allocated. Mainly invest in stocks and bonds, but the upper limit of investment in stocks is subject to 60%; Relatively speaking, it has the characteristics of higher expected annualized expected return and greater risk; It is mainly suitable for stable investors who are willing to take certain risks and pursue higher expected annualized expected returns.

3. Bond funds. More than 80% are mainly invested in government bonds, convertible bonds and corporate bonds; {Some are allocated a small percentage of shares}; The risk is low, and the expected annualized expected return is average; Suitable for conservative investors who pursue relatively safe principal and slightly higher return.

4. Capital preservation fund. The investment object is mainly bonds, with a certain proportion of stocks; It has the characteristics of capital preservation, average expected annualized income and poor liquidity; Suitable for conservative investors who are willing to sacrifice liquidity, pursue absolute security of principal and slightly higher return.

5. Money market funds. Mainly invest in short-term treasury bonds, financial bonds, central bank bills and deposits; It has the characteristics of safe principal, high liquidity, low risk and low expected annualized expected return.

According to the degree of risk, stock funds can be divided into: balanced, stable, exponential, growth and growth. Of course, the greater the risk, the higher the expected annualized expected rate of return; The risk is small, and the expected annualized expected return is correspondingly low.