(A) the concept of glass
Glass, the English name of glass, was also called colored glaze in ancient China, and Japanese characters were expressed by nitrate. It is a relatively transparent solid material, which forms a continuous network structure when melting, and its viscosity gradually increases and hardens during cooling, and it will not crystallize. Glass is chemically inert in daily environment and will not react with living things, so it is widely used.
(2) Composition of glass raw materials
Glass raw materials are complex and can be divided into main raw materials and auxiliary raw materials according to their functions. The main raw materials constitute the main body of glass, which determines the main physical and chemical properties of glass, and the auxiliary raw materials give glass special properties, which brings convenience to the production process.
1, the main raw materials are silica sand or borax, soda ash or mirabilite, limestone, dolomite, feldspar and broken glass.
2. Auxiliary raw materials include decoloring agent, colorant, clarifying agent and opacifying agent.
(3) Classification of glass
Glass is mainly divided into flat glass and special glass.
1, according to the production process, flat glass is mainly divided into calendering, vertical drawing with grooves, counter-roller (also known as Xu method), vertical drawing without grooves, flat drawing and float glass.
2. There are many kinds of special glass, including tempered glass, insulating glass, laminated glass, screen glass, laminated glass, glazed glass, printed glass, lamp glass, household glass, bathroom glass, craft glass, automobile glass, frosted glass, etc.
(4) the use of glass
In people's daily life, glass and its products are everywhere. The most widely used fields are architecture and decoration (doors and windows, curtain walls, partitions, lenses, etc.). ), automobile manufacturing, new energy (solar energy products), household appliances and electronic products manufacturing, daily life (all kinds of bottles and cans) and so on.
Construction and decoration are the largest downstream industries of glass, and float glass used in this industry accounts for about 70%. The application of glass in automobile and new energy fields is also gradually expanding.
The following is the industrial chain diagram of glass.