1, the main content of Japanese rural medical insurance system. The medical insurance that Japanese farmers can enjoy mainly refers to "national health insurance". The main sources of this insurance fund are the insurance premiums paid by the insured, financial subsidies from the state and local governments, and the investment income of insurance premiums in the capital market. The insurance premium is paid according to the percentage of each insured's standard annual income, which is approved once a year. Low-and middle-income families can appropriately reduce the payment. Japan's rural medical insurance payment level is relatively high, mainly paying medical expenses. Taking the family as a unit, the scope of protection includes: 70% medical expenses and specific medical expenses, high medical expenses, midwifery expenses, funeral expenses, childcare subsidies, etc.

2. Characteristics of Japanese rural medical insurance system. (1) The legal system is sound. Japan's rural medical insurance has corresponding legal restrictions in all aspects of its management, which ensures the smooth operation of the system. (2) The management level is clear. Japan's rural medical insurance management institutions have clear division of labor, clear levels and tacit cooperation, which makes the complex medical insurance system run orderly. (3) The supervision institutions are sound. In order to correct the deviation in the operation of insurance funds in time and avoid losing control, the supervision and inspection institutions composed of people representing different interests are endowed with absolutely independent functions and powers, protected by law, and avoid interest bias in the supervision process. (4) Rural medical insurance and employee health insurance are independent and exclusive. Not only the composition of insurance income is different, but also the proportion of insurance premium in its financial resources is very different, among which the government has invested a large proportion in rural medical insurance.

Rural medical insurance system in Thailand

1. Main contents of rural medical insurance system in Thailand. Rural medical insurance in Thailand implements the health card system. For poor farmers, free medical cards are paid by the government. For ordinary farmers, individuals pay 500 baht on the voluntary basis of farmers, and the government subsidizes 500 baht. The government issues uniformly printed health cards so that the whole family can enjoy medical and health care services free of charge. More than 5 people need to buy another card, and the elderly over 50 years old and children under 12 enjoy free medical care. In order to promote the issuance of health cards, the government stipulates that subsidies will only be given if more than 35% families in the village participate. The funds raised by the Health Card shall be co-ordinated by the Provincial Management Committee, of which 90% shall be used to pay the medical care expenses, and 10% shall be used to pay the management expenses. Health cards can be used for medical treatment, maternal and child health care and planned immunization. The holder of the health card takes the card to a health center or community for medical treatment. When health centers or community hospitals think that referral is needed, they can be transferred to provincial hospitals or regional hospitals until the central hospital. Health card holders can take their cards to public hospitals for treatment. Except for the prescribed self-funded items, they can see a doctor for 8 times, and the maximum amount of each time is settled by the medical unit and the provincial management committee. If you go to a private hospital, the outpatient expenses are paid by yourself, and the hospitalization expenses are subsidized by 3000 baht per month within the annual limit.

In order to cooperate with the implementation of the health card system, the Thai government has assumed the responsibility of building public health services. Thailand's rural health service is invested by the government to build institutions, equipped with health personnel and equipment, providing most of the maintenance costs, necessary investment in fixed assets and operating funds for preventive work, and the rest is solved by the government organizing villagers to raise funds. In terms of management, rural health services in Thailand are managed by health centers, whose basic function is to organize and implement preventive health care work in villages and towns under the leadership of the government. The president of the rural health center is a government official, who is responsible for the health work of the people in the township on behalf of the government.

2. Characteristics of rural medical insurance system in Thailand. In addition to public health care services, the most basic health care in Thailand is provided by limiting the consumption balance, which is simple to operate and low in operating cost. Conducive to controlling medical and health expenses. The health card system implemented in rural Thailand provides the most basic protection for farmers. It integrates fund raising, economic loss sharing and medical care in a region, which can provide better medical care and preventive health care in grass-roots units and play a good role in protecting the health of grass-roots people.

Rural medical insurance system in Brazil

1. Main contents of rural medical insurance system in Brazil. Rural residents and urban residents in Brazil have the same medical insurance. Farmers' medical insurance expenses are paid in the form of tax surcharge, plus appropriate subsidies from the state, accounting for about 22% of the total insurance fund. The use of medical insurance funds adopts centralized collection and decentralized contracting, that is, the medical insurance management department raises funds through banks and finance, and according to the number of patients reported by each state and region, it is allocated to each state after review and comprehensive balance, and each state allocates funds according to the budget and after approval by the governor. Brazil's medical insurance business is managed by the Ministry of Social Welfare, and there is a national medical insurance association that runs its own insurance medical institutions. Insurance hospitals are divided into three levels: advanced, intermediate and primary. In addition to self-run insurance medical institutions, there are also some contracted private hospitals and doctors. After getting sick, residents must first seek medical treatment in local primary medical institutions, and with the consent of primary medical doctors, they can be transferred to intermediate or advanced medical institutions for treatment. Patients are free to seek medical treatment in hospitals or doctors, and all expenses are borne by themselves.

2. Characteristics of rural medical insurance system in Brazil. All urban and rural residents in China have universal medical insurance, and both rich and poor have the right to medical security. Medical insurance has a wide coverage, rapid development and high treatment level.

Rural medical insurance system in Mexico

1. Main contents of rural medical insurance system in Mexico. Agricultural workers and their families participate in the National Workers' Social Insurance Association, and free medical relief for farmers is also managed by the National Workers' Social Insurance Association. The governing body of the association is the Council, which is composed of representatives of the government, employers and employees. The director of the association is appointed by the president, and the member congress of the association is the highest authority, which is mainly responsible for formulating the budget and project plan and reviewing the implementation. The association has also gradually established corresponding organizations to implement the policies formulated by the association.

Because agricultural workers are employees and their income is guaranteed, they are the same as industrial workers in raising and paying medical insurance funds. Insurance funds come from funds paid by employers and employees and a small amount of government subsidies. The main expenditure items of the medical insurance fund of the National Workers' Social Insurance Association are: management expenses of medical insurance institutions, construction and equipment renewal expenses of affiliated medical institutions, salaries of medical staff of affiliated medical institutions and medical expenses of insured persons. The medical service for poor rural residents is managed by the general coordinator of the rural affairs department of the All-China Workers' Social Insurance Association. The government signed an agreement with the association to provide free medical assistance to poor farmers who cannot afford medical expenses by using the human and material resources of the association, and all the expenses are borne by the government.

Medical and health care services for agricultural workers are provided by hospitals affiliated to insurance associations, and medical institutions affiliated to social insurance associations at all levels throughout the country provide free medical care for participants of insurance associations. These medical institutions are divided into one, two and three levels. The first floor is the clinic. The second level is a general hospital; The third level is the medical center, which is the highest level medical institution. The medical treatment of members of the association is referred step by step, and most patients can seek medical treatment in outpatient department. Poor farmers go to government-run hospitals, or to clinics and hospitals where the government has signed contracts with the association. & ltbr & gt

2. Characteristics of rural medical insurance system in Mexico. Governments at all levels participate, medical insurance institutions run hospitals, and medical insurance covers a large number of people. As employees, agricultural workers and industrial workers are divided into a system to distinguish them from other objects, and the government also provides free medical assistance to poor farmers in remote areas.