What is the Marshall Plan?
The official name of Marshall Plan is European Renaissance Plan, which was put forward by the United States according to the situation at that time. The then US Secretary of State was George? Marshall Plan is called Marshall Plan. Marshall Plan is a plan for the United States to help Europe after World War II. Its core purpose is to provide economic assistance to European countries for the sake of American national interests.
After World War II, Europe was devastated by war. It has been in a downturn since the war. Even many countries have difficulty in solving the problem of food and clothing for their own people. This situation in Europe also has an impact on the economic development of the United States. First, Europe is unable to buy American goods, which leads to the loss of market for American dumped goods. In order to promote the further development of American economy, help European countries get out of the destruction of war quickly, and prevent countries from taking the road of * * * and affecting American interests, many officials in the State Council, especially William? Clayton and George? Kennan put forward the European renaissance plan, and Marshall also actively promoted it.
1948 On April 3, Truman signed the Marshall Plan, and he also approved the establishment of the General Administration of Economic Cooperation to be responsible for the implementation of this plan. Through the implementation of Marshall Plan, it has really played a very good role in the economic development of European countries. The economies of European countries recovered to a great extent after the war, and western European countries finally ushered in 20 years of rapid economic development. This plan has promoted the process of European integration, and at the same time opened the gap with Eastern Europe that did not participate in this plan. By the end of Marshall Plan (195 1), all western European countries had already walked out of the quagmire of post-war recovery.
What is the Marshall Plan? Marshall Plan is an American economic aid plan for western European countries, which successfully helped western Europe get out of the quagmire of post-war economic downturn and has positive significance.
The content of Marshall plan
The content of Marshall Plan is mainly American appropriation? Aid? Western European countries are used to revive the economy after the war, but the recipient countries must buy a certain amount of American goods, cancel tariff barriers as soon as possible, and cancel or relax foreign exchange restrictions. The use of American aid should be supervised by the United States, and the recipient countries should supply strategic materials produced by their own countries and colonies to the United States, set up equivalent funds controlled by the United States, protect the rights of American private investment and development, cut trade with socialist countries, and give up? Nationalization? Plans, and so on. In short, countries that accept this program need to abide by the relevant additional conditions set by the United States.
116 countries, including Britain, France, Italy, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Greece, Turkey, Ireland and Iceland, met in Paris from July to September, 1947 and decided to accept it? Marshall plan? , the establishment of the European Economic Cooperation Committee, asked the United States to provide 160 to 22 billion US dollars in aid. April 1948, west Germany and Trieste Free Zone also announced their acceptance? Marshall plan? .
1947 12 19. President Truman proposed a European recovery plan with a total amount of17 billion US dollars. 1On April 3, 948, President Truman signed this plan, established the Ministry of Economic Cooperation, and implemented the Marshall Plan. From April 1948 to June 195 1, the Marshall Plan actually allocated * * *12.5 billion dollars.
The purpose of Marshall plan
The first purpose of Marshall Plan: The first purpose of Marshall Plan is to boost Europe's economy and improve the sluggish economic situation in Europe after World War II. After the Second World War, Europe, as the main battlefield of the war, was greatly damaged by the war, and many infrastructures were seriously damaged, especially roads, bridges, railways and other infrastructures, which required the state to spend a large sum of money to rebuild. However, during the Second World War, these European countries were unable to rebuild, which greatly affected their economic development. Therefore, the post-war reconstruction work needed the support of the United States, so 18. That is, the later Marshall Plan, so the main purpose of Marshall Plan is to rebuild post-war Europe and boost the European economy.
The second purpose of Marshall Plan: to restrain the development of productive forces. After the war, when the economy was depressed and the rulers were helpless, * * * productism prevailed, and the * * * production party gradually became an important political force in various countries, even the Czech Republic and other countries. In order to curb the development of * * * productism and the strength of the Soviet Union, the Marshall Plan began.
The third purpose of Marshall Plan is to provide a broad product market for the United States. It is not selfish for the United States to implement the Marshall Plan. In the post-war economic recession, the American economy ushered in the fastest development since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Therefore, the economic development of the United States needs a broad market, which requires a strong Europe and a prosperous Europe, which is in line with the interests of the United States, so the US government will implement the Marshall Plan.
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