From the beginning, human society has been confronted with natural disasters and accidents. In the process of struggling with nature, ancient people came up with insurance ideas and original insurance methods to deal with disasters and accidents. Our country has always attached great importance to saving grain for hunger. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius' thought of "spelling three big ones over one" was quite representative. According to Confucius, if the grain harvested every year can be stored for 1/3, it can be stored for three years continuously, which is enough to store 1 year of grain, that is, "surplus grain one". If we continue to save for a rainy day, we can save for a rainy day for nine years in 27 years, and we can achieve peace and prosperity.
Around 2500 BC, the king of Babylon ordered monks, judges and village heads to collect taxes as fire fighting funds; Masons in ancient Egypt set up funeral mutual aid organizations to solve the problem of raising funeral funds by paying membership fees; Soldiers' organizations in the Roman Empire provided living expenses for the survivors of fallen soldiers in the form of fund-raising, and gradually formed an insurance system. ...
With the development of trade, around 1792 BC, it was the era of Hammurabi, the sixth king of Babylon, and the business was prosperous. In order to help commerce and protect the goods of mules, horses and caravans that compensate for losses, in code of hammurabi, it is stipulated that * * * should share the compensation for losses.
In 9 16 BC, in Rhode Island in the Mediterranean Sea, the king formulated the Rhodes Maritime Code to ensure the normal conduct of maritime trade, which stipulated that the loss suffered by a certain shipowner should be shared by the beneficiaries, including the shipowner and all shippers of the goods on board. This is the origin of marine insurance. During the Punic War from 260 BC to 146 BC, in order to solve the problem of military transportation, the ancient Romans charged 24% ~ 36% of the merchant's expenses as a reserve fund to compensate for the loss of goods, which was the origin of marine insurance. 17th century, after the Renaissance in Europe, British capitalism developed greatly. After large-scale colonial plunder, Britain gradually developed into a British empire with monopoly advantages in world trade and shipping, which provided conditions for British businessmen to carry out worldwide marine insurance business. The insurance broker system also came into being. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/7th century, Edward Sr opened Lloyd's Cafe on the Thames, which became a place for people to exchange shipping information, buy insurance and talk about business news. Then he started insurance business in a cafe. Later, 79 merchants in the cafe each contributed 100, rented the house of 1774 Royal Exchange, and established Lloyd's on the basis of the original business of Lloyd's Cafe.
In 133 BC, Recchia (* * * economic organization) established in ancient Rome charged people who joined the organization 100 Jersey and a bottle of respectful sake. In addition, 5 jersey is collected every month and accumulated into provident fund for funeral subsidies. This is the bud of life insurance.
The current fire insurance system originated in Britain. 1On September 2nd, 666, a huge fire broke out in London, and the whole city was burned by more than half, with a loss of about120,000 pounds and 200,000 people homeless. Because of the lessons of this fire, the concept of insurance has gradually taken root in people's hearts. 1677, Nicola Papon, a dentist, opened personal insurance in London, operating house fire insurance. The first firm specializing in house fire insurance appeared, and the number of fire insurance companies gradually increased. During the period of1861-11,the number of registered fire insurance companies in Britain reached 567. From 65438 to 0909, the British government restricted and supervised fire insurance by law, which promoted the normal development of fire insurance business.
Insurance has gradually developed from the form of mutual assistance in the embryonic stage to adventure lending, to marine insurance contracts, to marine insurance, fire insurance, life insurance and other insurance, and gradually developed into modern insurance.
Extended reading
The "First" in the World Insurance History
The first typical insurance contract with modern significance was the pizza policy signed in 1384. This policy covers the transportation of goods from Alsace in southern France to Pisa in Italy.
The first marine insurance company 1424 was born in Genoa, Italy.
The first marine insurance law was promulgated by Queen Elizabeth in 160 1 year. The law provides for the establishment of an arbitration court within the insurance chamber of commerce to solve the increasing number of marine insurance disputes.
1568 On February 22nd, with the approval of the mayor of London, the first Royal Exchange opened. This provided a trading place for marine insurance at that time, thus replacing the habit of trading in the open square twice a day inherited from Lombardy merchants.
The first relatively complete insurance law was formulated by Florence, Italy in 1523, which stipulated the format of standard insurance policy.
The first ship insurance policy 1347, 10 10 was signed by Giorgio Bockweilun, a businessman from Genoa, Italy, on October 23rd. This is the oldest insurance policy found in the world at present.
The first life insurance appeared in Britain on 1536. On June 18 of that year, Martin, an Englishman, took out a life insurance policy of 2,000 pounds for a person named Ji Ming, with an insurance period of 12 months and a premium of 80 pounds.
The first fire insurance organization was a municipal public fire cooperative jointly established by 46 cooperatives in Hamburg, Germany.
/kloc-At the end of 0/9, Lloyd's of England designed the first anti-theft insurance policy.
The first life insurance organization in the world is recognized as the British Widows Insurance Association, which was established in 1699.
Lloyd and White Cross Insurance Association established the first aircraft underwriting group, and they drafted the earliest aviation insurance clauses.
Paris National Insurance Company and Brussels Owners Union Company signed the first reinsurance contract in 182 1.
The first financial and insurance academic group was 1873 "Chartered Insurance Institute" established in Manchester.
The first complete scientific life table was drawn by Harley, a famous British mathematician and astronomer, in 1693.
The earliest providers of navigation insurance were Britain and America during the period of1914-1918. The world's first plane successfully tested in the United States 1903.
1898 issued the first auto insurance policy. Previously, only one kind of insurance specifically covered the liability caused by horses.
The first theft insurance policy was designed by Lloyd's Insurance Company in 1887. It issued insurance policies for the world's first car and the first plane.
The first commercial office specializing in fire insurance was established by a British dentist named Nicholas Babon. He was the first person to wake up in the London fire on September 2, 666.
The first insurance organization in the form of joint-stock company was the "Sun Insurance Company" founded by British Charles and Bowen in 17 10. It is one of the oldest insurance companies in Britain.
The first independent professional reinsurance company was Cologne Reinsurance Company established in Germany.
The world's first life insurance policy was issued on 16 by the merchant affiliated to the Royal London Exchange Insurance Association on 1583 * *.
The first official automobile insurance policy was issued by Lloyd's Insurance Company in 190 1 year. Drawing lessons from the practice of marine insurance, it regards the car as a ship traveling on land, and determines the premium according to the horsepower of the car, and charges a pound per horsepower.
The first aviation accident insurance claim of $500 million was 1985, a Boeing 747 of Japan Airlines.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.