The reporter learned that the contribution rate of Guangdong employee pension insurance units will gradually increase to 16%. In terms of supplementary pensions for enterprises such as enterprise annuities and occupational annuities, state-owned enterprises have a wide coverage. The trustee said that more than 95% of the clients are state-owned enterprises, and the participation of private enterprises needs to be improved. According to reports, trustees have also conducted high-level management of these "pension funds" in recent years. Some trustees said that enterprise annuities are very useful for retaining talents. Take the monthly payment 1 1,000 yuan as an example. After 30 years of continuous payment, employees are expected to finally get nearly 1 10,000 yuan. Relevant institutions predict that with the advent of the era of diversified investment in personal pension, personal commercial pension insurance, as the third pillar, will usher in explosive growth.
The first pillar: the contribution ratio of Guangdong employees' pension insurance units will gradually increase to 16%.
Statistics show that in 2020, the basic pension base of employees in government agencies and institutions in Guangdong Province was 7,860 yuan, and it rose to 8,332 yuan/month in 202 1 year, with an increase of 6%.
Guangdong provincial department of human resources and social security said that from June, 20438 to October, 2022, China began to implement the national overall planning system for enterprise pension insurance. According to the relevant provisions of the national overall planning system of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, the proportion of unit contributions nationwide is 16%. It is understood that in 20 17, Guangdong Province implemented provincial-level co-ordination of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, stipulating that the contribution ratio of basic old-age insurance units for enterprise employees in all cities in the province should be 14%, of which the proportion higher than 14% was adjusted to 14%. The proportion below 14% has gradually changed to 14202 1, and the unit payment ratio in Guangdong Province has been unified to 14%, which is still two percentage points behind the national unified 16%.
To this end, Guangdong Province will adopt a gradual transition method, and in two years, the contribution ratio of basic old-age insurance units for enterprise employees in the province will be over-expanded from 14% to 16%. From 1, from 2022, the contribution ratio of basic endowment insurance units for enterprise employees in the province will be uniformly adjusted to15%; From 2023 onwards, the proportion of contributions of basic old-age insurance units for enterprise employees in the province will be uniformly adjusted to 16%. In order to reduce the impact of the increase in the proportion of unit contributions on enterprises, Guangdong Province attaches great importance to reducing the burden on enterprises. In 20021year, various policies and measures reduced the burden of enterprises (including individual industrial and commercial households) in the province by about 75.2 billion yuan.
The second pillar: the enterprise annuity needs to be expanded urgently, and the participation of private enterprises needs to be improved.
The second pillar represented by enterprise annuity and occupational annuity plays an important role in the old-age insurance system. At present, * * Ping An Pension Insurance Company Guangdong Branch, China Industrial and Commercial Bank Guangzhou Branch, Changjiang Pension Insurance Co., Ltd., Taikang Pension Insurance Co., Ltd. Guangdong Branch, China Life Pension Insurance Co., Ltd. and other 10 institutions serve as trustees of enterprise annuities in Guangdong Province. According to the data released by guangdong provincial department of human resources and social security on April 9, 2022, Guangdong * * * 20 1006700 had 3,845 enterprise annuity accounts with assets of 46,334.57 million yuan. As of 202 1, there are 7,490 corporate accounts in Guangdong province, with individual accounts1655,524 and assets1088120,000 yuan. In the past five years, the number and funds of Guangdong enterprise annuity accounts have doubled.
Monthly payment 1000 yuan.
After 30 years, it is estimated that the harvest will be nearly 6,543,800 yuan.
On February 2065438+2008 1 day, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance issued the new Enterprise Annuity Measures, proposing that enterprises and their employees can independently establish enterprise annuities on the basis of participating in the basic old-age insurance according to law. Among them, the contribution of enterprises shall not exceed 8% of the total wages of employees of the unit every year, and the total contribution of enterprises and employees shall not exceed 12% of the total wages of employees of the unit. Since then, quite a number of enterprises have joined the enterprise annuity plan. The reporter learned that the current enterprise annuity mainly covers employees of state-owned enterprises, accounting for more than 95%.
The relevant person in charge of China Life Pension Insurance Co., Ltd. Guangdong Branch told the reporter that by the end of March 2022, the company had 820 corporate clients entrusted to manage enterprise annuities, with entrusted funds of about 654.38+08 billion yuan and total assets under management of about 33.8 billion yuan. The scale of occupational annuity management is about 32 billion yuan. The person in charge said that at present, Guangdong Province has increased the expansion of enterprise annuities. As a trustee, we can expand new customer groups, such as small and medium-sized customers such as foreign-funded enterprises, private enterprises and social groups. In addition, it can also promote institutions to implement supernumerary annuities.
Guo Xiuli, head of Guangdong Pension Center of Changjiang Pension Insurance Co., Ltd, told the reporter: "Enterprise annuity can enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state, which is in line with the payment part stipulated by the state. Enterprise contributions can be deducted before tax, and individual contributions can be deducted from the taxable income in the current period, which can promote enterprises to attract and retain talents and enhance their competitiveness. "
Yang Rui (pseudonym), the relevant person in charge of Taikang Pension Insurance Co., Ltd. Guangdong Branch, said that after a long period of precipitation, even if the payment base is not high, the enterprise annuity can become a big income for employees after retirement. Take the monthly payment of 1 10,000 yuan by units and individuals as an example, and the annual payment is10.2 million yuan. If the annual rate of return is maintained at 6%, the employee account amount will be 950,000 yuan after 30 years. If you pay 2,000 yuan a month and 24,000 yuan a year, the account amount will reach 2 million yuan after 30 years according to the annual rate of return of 6%.
Enterprise annuity helps to "retain people"
But for private enterprises, the threshold is higher.
Although enterprise annuity is attractive, in the view of many industry organizations, its "gold content" needs to be improved. Guo Xiuli said that private enterprise customers account for less than 5% of corporate customers, and even some large private enterprises are not enthusiastic about establishing enterprise annuities.
Yang Rui feels the same way. He believes that it is a great expense for private enterprises to establish enterprise annuities, and enterprise annuities often require the participation of all employees, and the threshold is really high; Secondly, it is not very enthusiastic for many young people facing the pressure of renting or buying a house to let grassroots employees pay several thousand yuan a month to cooperate with the establishment of enterprise annuity.
In addition, the existing enterprise annuity tax extension concessions, for the person in charge of the enterprise or employees, the attraction needs to be enhanced. "In contrast, measures such as equity and high salary are more flexible in motivating talents and more attractive to young employees." Yang Rui said that from this perspective, Guangdong enterprise annuity still has a lot of room for development and is in urgent need of expansion.
Xiaoguo's company is a rare private enterprise that implements enterprise annuity. There are more than 200 employees/kloc-0, and the annual turnover is within 10%. According to reports, the R&D personnel of the company account for more than 1/3 of the company. The company introduced the enterprise annuity through the company's own training of top talents in the industry, so that employees and enterprises can grow together. Xiaoguo admits that he made great determination when he proposed to establish an enterprise annuity. "1, more than 200 employees need 1, more than 10 million yuan to pay annuity fees every year. This has a great impact on the company's cash flow. But I think establishing better benefits for employees will let them stay here with peace of mind. "
Xiaoguo said that many young employees in the company did not support this at first, because more than 800 yuan was deducted from their salary every month, which was nearly 10,000 yuan a year. However, after repeated publicity by the company, young employees realized that while spending a few hundred yuan each month, the unit will also match some funds and continue to pay for more than ten years, giving them an extra guarantee after retirement. In the end, more than 90% of employees choose to participate in the enterprise annuity plan after consultation with the unit staff meeting. In Xiao Guo's view, the implementation of the enterprise annuity plan is of great help to enhance the cohesion of employees and attract top talents in the industry to join. Xiaoguo told reporters that according to the calculation, if the company pays 1.200 yuan for employees every month, after the system operation, when employees retire 30 years later, the deposited funds will reach1.million yuan. "This is very attractive to employees."
However, Xiaoguo admits that there are still a few private enterprises that have the courage to implement enterprise annuities. "For small and micro enterprises, the threshold for developing enterprise annuities is too high." He said that the burden of basic old-age insurance has now reached 30% of total wages. If the enterprise annuity is established at 12% of the total wages, the overall pension insurance burden of the enterprise will reach 42% of the total wages. Many small and micro enterprises lack the motivation to pay enterprise annuities due to the great financial pressure.
Occupational annuity: with long service life
You can get more than 1 10,000 yuan per month.
Compared with enterprise annuity, the promotion of occupational annuity is much smoother, although it is only less than three years. At present, * * there are 12 institutions such as China Life Insurance, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Taikang Pension and Changjiang Pension as trustees of Guangdong occupational annuity. According to the data released by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security on March 22nd this year, in 20021year, there were 4 1979 occupational annuity insured units in Guangdong Province, with the payment income of 46,2801.62 million yuan, the treatment amount of 20,323.74 million yuan and the accumulated fund balance of1.9538.
Guo Xiuli told reporters that the occupational annuity is a supplementary endowment insurance for the staff of government agencies and institutions. It is a part of the second pillar of old-age insurance with enterprise annuity, but it is different. First of all, the nature is different. The former is compulsory and the latter is voluntary. Secondly, the payment object is different. Occupational annuity is aimed at the staff of government agencies and institutions, while enterprise annuity includes enterprises and social organizations. In addition, the payment standard is different. The occupational annuity unit pays 8% of the total wages of the unit, and the individual pays 4% of the wages; Enterprise annuity means that the annual payment of an enterprise does not exceed112 of the total wages of its employees in the previous year, and the total of enterprises and individuals does not exceed1/6 of the total wages of its employees in the previous year; Finally, the collection methods are also different. Occupational annuities can only be collected monthly, while enterprise annuities are relatively free.
Take Guangzhou as an example. For occupational annuities, units and individuals pay 8% and 4% of the basic old-age insurance payment base respectively, and the accumulated accounts are all included in the personal accounts of occupational annuities. After retirement, the staff will receive a monthly occupational annuity.
Guo Xiuli said that according to the rank and the length of payment, the amount of occupational annuity that can be received after retirement is also different. Those who pay for a long time, such as 15, can earn more than 10 million yuan every month after retirement; The person in charge of another occupational annuity trustee also said that according to the rank and payment period, retirees can receive occupational annuities ranging from 3,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan per month.
How much can I get after retirement?
It is related to the operation level of the trustee.
In what ways will the trustee realize the preservation and appreciation of enterprise annuity and occupational annuity? Yang Rui said that China's pension replacement rate is low, and it is necessary to maintain and increase the value to ease the pressure on pension expenditure. "Our operation of these funds is carried out within the scope of investment announced by the human and social departments. Management is a bit like a public bond fund. First, 5% should be reserved as working capital to deal with employees' retirement; Secondly, the equity assets of a certain position will be allocated (the policy stipulates that the equity assets should not exceed 40% of the fund size), and the rest are mainly allocated to fixed-income products, such as bank time deposits and corporate bonds. "
Yang Rui said that enterprise annuity assets are directly invested in the domestic capital market, so the rate of return fluctuates to some extent. According to the industry-wide average return data disclosed by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the investment rate in recent ten years is between 3%- 10%, the average return rate in recent ten years is 6.35%, and the median return rate is 5.33%.
Yang Rui told reporters that whether it is an enterprise annuity or an occupational annuity, the size of the fund pool is not only related to the number of enterprise contributors and the time of fund precipitation, but also has a great relationship with the trustee's asset management and operation level. "According to the monthly payment of 1 ,000 yuan by 30-year-old employees, 360,000 yuan will be paid in 30 years. If the annual income difference is 1%, the 30-year income difference is nearly 200,000 yuan. Therefore, it is very important to choose a good trustee. "
Guo Xiuli also said: "Now black swan events are becoming more and more frequent, which puts higher demands on asset management capabilities. When we choose products, we will choose stable ones. For example, when choosing bonds, you should choose high-rated bonds with AA rating or above. "
The third pillar: the dividend-paying pension insurance with an annual income of more than 2% is popular.
Compared with the first and second pillars, as the third pillar, personal commercial endowment insurance products are very rich, and many new products introduced by insurance companies are lifetime protection. Huang Lu, a senior insurance financial planner, told reporters that at this stage, due to the relatively low coverage of enterprise annuities and occupational annuities in private enterprises, personal commercial endowment insurance has also been given the mission of hedging aging. In the third pillar, banks, funds, insurance and trust companies all occupy a place, among which insurance companies that are highly compatible with their own business development have more advantages.
Personal commercial endowment insurance products are varied, but they can be roughly divided into three types: traditional endowment insurance, dividend endowment insurance and investment endowment insurance. Traditional endowment insurance has low risk and low income, but because it is a fixed income, it is more suitable for groups with weak anti-risk ability. The annual rate of return of traditional insurance is generally 2%~3%. Dividend-based pension insurance divides income into fixed income and dividend income. Both stable and uncertain, the fixed rate of return is slightly lower than that of traditional pension insurance, generally only 1.5%~2.0%. The insurance is suitable for people with moderate risk preference who want to get some excess income but don't want to take too much risk; Investment endowment insurance is a long-term investment method, which links the account of the insured with different investment products. The risk is borne by itself, which has the characteristics of high risk and high return.
"Generally speaking, the dividend-paying pension insurance with an annual income of more than 2% is the most popular." According to Huang Lu, from the current market, whole life insurance and endowment insurance are two common commercial endowment insurance products. Incremental whole life insurance is a new type of life insurance, and the insured amount and cash value will increase continuously every year. The longer the life span of the insured and the longer the policy year, the higher the cash value. It is also considered as a "cash flow planning tool", which is relatively suitable for consumers who need compulsory savings, wealth inheritance and reserve pensions. Endowment insurance is a kind of annuity insurance, which is based on the survival of the insured and pays the survival insurance money in installments according to the agreed time interval. When consumers receive pension annuity, they can choose to receive it at different age points such as 55, 60 and 65, or they can choose to receive it once or every year.
Huang Lu said that all kinds of commercial endowment insurance are dazzling, but the following matters should be paid attention to when purchasing commercial endowment insurance: First, the cash distribution should be reasonable. The income of commercial endowment insurance mainly lies in the income brought by long-term investment. If it is collected too early, it will lead to insufficient funds in the account when providing for the aged. Second, payment should be flexible. Before taking out insurance, you should take out insurance according to your own economic situation. The payment time is too short, the financial pressure is too high, and the overall premium expenditure is too large; Third, the risk should be within your tolerance. "For consumers with an annual income of less than 300,000 yuan and between the ages of 35 and 50, we suggest choosing dividend-paying commercial endowment insurance."
Huang Lu also said that with the recent "Opinions on Promoting the Development of Personal Pension", it indicates that the era of diversified investment in personal pension in China has begun. From foreign experience, the three pillars of providing for the aged will eventually reach a relatively balanced state. It can be predicted that the third pillar will usher in explosive growth in the future, and its proportion in individual pension will rise rapidly.