In 2009, the National Audit Office conducted an audit investigation on the collection, management and use of special land funds in Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Henan, Hainan, Ningxia and Xinjiang provinces from 2007 to 2008 (hereinafter referred to as two years).
This report, entitled "Audit Survey Results on the Collection, Use and Management of Land Special Funds and Land Collection and Transfer in 56 Counties and Districts of 40 Cities and States" (hereinafter referred to as "Survey Results"), shows that local governments violate land regulations. Shocked? .
● Income from land transfer
Disguised reduction 196438+0 billion yuan; The city owes more than 30 billion yuan.
Huang Daoguo, director of the Audit Department of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Protection of the National Audit Office, revealed? Judging from the collection and management of land transfer income, the main problems are: in some places, the land transfer price is reduced or exempted in disguise, and the land transfer income is underreported or underreported. Land transfer income was not included in the fund budget management as required, and some places changed the prescribed use of land transfer income. ?
According to the survey results, there are 1 1 cities. Attracting investment? 、? Old city reconstruction? And then what? State-owned enterprise restructuring? Other ways to reduce land transfer income 19.438+0 billion yuan in disguise; Three cities sold 177 cases of 8,000 mu of land at a price lower than 70% of the benchmark land price; The planning departments of the three cities approved to increase the plot ratio of 0.10.8 million mu of land, and the land transfer income was not levied10.57 billion yuan.
There are 12 cities that owe land transfer income of 32.326 billion yuan. Among them, seven municipal land departments illegally issued state-owned land use certificates when 25 land units owed 2.592 billion yuan in land transfer income.
● Land transfer income management
674.8 1 100 million yuan is not standardized, 1 1 the city changes its income use.
In addition, there are 1 1 cities with 6,7481100 million yuan of land transfer income, which is not standardized and is not included in the fund budget management as required, accounting for 20. 1% of the total collection. Among them, 510.587 billion yuan was paid to financial transition households, and 5.573 billion yuan was collected by non-financial departments such as the development zone management Committee; Land-using units directly paid 654.38+003.38+0 billion yuan for compensation and resettlement for demolition and enterprise restructuring.
1 1 cities changed the use of land transfer income by 569,438+0 billion yuan. Among them, six cities spent 3.936 billion yuan on the construction of new campus, convention center, theater, software park and other public projects; Four cities spent 968 million yuan to increase the registered capital of government-invested enterprises; Six cities spent 326 million yuan to subsidize bus companies to buy cars, repay loans and set up special funds for agricultural research and development. Seven cities spent 2 1 10,000 yuan to make up for the lack of funds in the land and urban construction department; Four cities illegally spent 238 million yuan on the construction and purchase of office buildings, commercial buildings and employee houses.
● The problem of benchmark land price is outstanding.
The market price of land in three cities exceeds the applicable benchmark land price 1 times.
Huang Daoguo also revealed that from the land requisition and use, the main problem is that some places requisition and occupy land without approval. By rent? Without approval, the construction and expansion of various development zones shall be sold by means of bidding, auction and hanging, or by agreement; The land use unit changes the land use without authorization, and fails to update the benchmark land price in time as required.
The focus of this investigation by the National Audit Office is also the benchmark land price. The so-called benchmark land price is the average price determined by the government according to its different uses and grades such as commerce, housing and industry. In principle, the benchmark land price is updated once every three years and adjusted in time according to market changes. However, by the end of June 2009, five cities had not been updated for more than three years, and the land market price of three cities exceeded the applicable benchmark land price 1 times.
Huang Daoguo revealed that from the audit situation, this audit found that some local governments did not update the benchmark land price in time according to the prescribed number of years. As an important basis for local governments to evaluate land prices, benchmark land prices are not updated for a long time, which is easy to deviate from the reality of the land market and will cause more serious consequences.
In addition, the outstanding problems also include the phenomenon of illegal land use. Seven cities expropriated and actually occupied 39,000 mu of collective land without approval; Four municipal land units? By rent? Occupy 1.0 1 10,000 mu of collective land to build non-agricultural projects such as hotels and tourism; Five cities built and expanded various development zones without approval, involving land 19. 1 10,000 mu; Seven urban land units have not approved 310.8 million mu of land (including 0.72 million mu of cultivated land and 0.27 million mu of basic farmland).
? The central bank once again implemented the differential deposit reserve ratio.
The deposit reserve ratio in the earthquake zone is lowered by 1 percentage point.
Nanfang Daily News (Reporter/Huang Qianwei) Yesterday afternoon, Suning, deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, said that in order to speed up the recovery of financial services in the Yushu earthquake zone in Qinghai, the central bank lowered the deposit reserve ratio of local corporate financial institutions in the disaster area 1 percentage point, and reduced the interest on refinancing by one percentage point.
Regarding how much money is needed for disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction in Yushu area, Suning said that it has not yet made an estimate. He said,? Generally speaking, the amount of additional loans will not be large and will not affect the whole money and credit. The central bank's credit support can fully meet local demand. ?
Guo Tianyong, director of the China Bank Research Center of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said in an interview with this reporter yesterday that the central bank also implemented a differentiated deposit reserve ratio for the region during the Wenchuan earthquake. At present, the central bank has lowered the Yushu deposit reserve ratio 1%, which is estimated to release at least several billion yuan in cash from the banking system. The measures taken by the central bank and the central government together are of great help in supporting local disaster relief.
Suning also said that a coordination meeting was held a few days ago to organize the promulgation of "Emergency Measures on Doing a Good Job in Financial Services in Yushu Earthquake-stricken Areas". It is understood that in order to quickly restore financial services in disaster areas, the Emergency Measures require that financial institutions should set up temporary business outlets and appropriately extend the time to provide various conveniences for deposit withdrawal and remittance.
The Emergency Measures require the issuing bank of the People's Bank of China to withdraw and deposit cash from financial institutions, and there is no limit to the number of times. Commercial banks are required to carry out asset loss investigation, register, protect customer transaction information, confirm missing and death information, and verify bank-related debt information.
In addition, the micropayment system of China People's Bank implemented 7? 24 operation, let go of the upper limit of the credit business line of the micropayment system, ensure the timely remittance of relief funds on rest days and at night, and ensure T collection; /p & gt；
In fact, in April 2004, China's central bank implemented the differential deposit reserve ratio for the first time, and during the Wenchuan earthquake, the differential deposit reserve ratio was implemented all over the country except Wenchuan, showing the advantages of the differential deposit reserve ratio.
Some experts believe that the regional differential deposit reserve ratio is an improvement of the differential deposit reserve ratio, which makes the deposit reserve ratio not only related to the asset risk characteristics of deposit banks, but also mainly related to the regional characteristics of loans, thus promoting the coordinated development of regional economy.
Review of Xinhua News Agency's Reprint
Effectively prevent high housing prices from spreading to second-and third-tier cities.
Comprehensive report of nanfang daily yesterday, Xinhua news agency commented after the state introduced a series of measures to regulate the property market and curb high housing prices? Effectively prevent high housing prices and high land prices from spreading to second-and third-tier cities. The commentary pointed out that according to the latest statistical bulletin of China urban land price dynamic monitoring system, in the first quarter of 20 10, while the land price increase in the whole country, especially in the first-tier cities, the land prices in some second-and third-tier cities such as Haikou, Kunming and Jixi increased significantly year-on-year and month-on-month. The trend of land price and house price in second-and third-tier cities needs close attention to avoid returning to first-tier cities? Old road? .
The monitoring results show that in the first quarter of this year, the residential land prices in Haikou, Kunming, Jixi, Jiujiang, Zhuhai, Jingzhou, Ningbo, Beihai and Zhengzhou increased by more than 20%; 30 cities including Yibin, Shantou, Huzhou, Jiaozuo, Nanjing and Tangshan increased by 10%? 20%, mostly in second-and third-tier cities. The data displayed by the monitoring results are very worthy of attention.
Looking back, in recent years, the infrastructure of second-and third-tier cities has been greatly improved. Compared with first-tier cities, the supply of land for real estate construction is more abundant, and the price base of house price and land price is not high, which has formed the demand of attracting developers to buy land and invest in speculative houses. In addition, affected by the radiation effect of land cost, the demand for rigid housing in small and medium-sized cities is rapidly released, and the rise of land price is also inevitable driven by consumer demand. However, we should be soberly aware that there are still some gaps in economic environment, infrastructure and industrial agglomeration in second-and third-tier cities, and the market demand elasticity is limited. It is necessary to prevent land prices in second-and third-tier cities from rising too fast or even from the overall development fundamentals, overdrawing regional development prospects and residents' consumption prospects.