In the first half of this year, China's fixed assets investment increased by 6% year-on-year, and the growth rate of manufacturing investment and private investment continued to rise, providing favorable conditions for the second half of the year. What relevant policies and measures have been taken by various localities and departments at present? What should we do to stabilize investment in the second half of the year? The reporter conducted interviews in Guizhou and Tianjin.
Grasp the key points, improve infrastructure, and help fight poverty.
"There was no road before, mountain products could not get out, and development opportunities could not enter." Jiang, a villager from Yingping Village, Shimen Township, Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Autonomous County, Guizhou Province, said. Shimen township is more than 40 kilometers away from the county seat 1 day, and it takes1day to drive, which has long been a traffic dead end.
"In the past two years, the road conditions in the village have undergone earth-shaking changes, and the planting and breeding industry has slowly improved." Village director Shao Caiyin said. Jiang also opened a small shop in the village, with an average daily income of 100 yuan.
"Steady investment, the key point should be stable. For Guizhou, the urgent task at present is to get rid of poverty. We must fill the two shortcomings of rural roads and water as soon as possible, so that ordinary people can travel conveniently and drink water safely. " Chen, director of the provincial development and reform commission, said that Guizhou has implemented a three-year "rural roads" campaign. From August 20 17 to August 20 19, it is planned to invest more than 38 billion yuan, connecting 100% of more than 30 villagers. By the end of June this year, a total of 49,500 kilometers had been built, with an investment of 310.3 billion yuan.
"Group communication" is just a microcosm of Guizhou's transportation infrastructure construction. In recent years, Guizhou has continuously increased investment in transportation infrastructure. In the first half of this year, the cumulative number of passengers sent by high-speed rail and the passenger throughput of civil aviation increased by 57.6% and 18.6% respectively, and the tourism industry continued to grow by spurt. 120 More than 500 domestic and foreign enterprises have settled in Guizhou. The proportion of goods inside and outside the province changed from 70: 30 in 2065438+2002 to 53: 47, and more and more goods from Guizhou went out of the mountains.
"The key to increasing efforts to make up for shortcomings in the infrastructure sector is to seize the weak links." Chen Dui said: In 20 17, 70 counties built and put into operation medium-sized reservoirs. Recently, we decided to concentrate our efforts to ensure that the drinking water safety problem of rural population in the province will be fully solved before the first half of next year.
Where does the money come from? Guizhou actively explores new modes of investment and financing, and integrates relevant resources and strength of provincial state-owned enterprises and local financial institutions according to the mode of "overall planning at the provincial level, grading loans and raising funds year by year".
Industrial funds stimulate social investment by means of marketization.
Since last year, Tianjin's economy has faced great downward pressure.
"The demand for funds from the real economy, especially private enterprises, and the willingness of social capital to invest in quality projects are the direction and driving force for stable investment." Zhou Mi, deputy director of China Urban and Regional Economic Research Center, Institute of Economic and Social Development of Nankai University, believes that on the one hand, we should continue to guide social capital to invest in the real economy, on the other hand, we should reduce the institutional cost of the development of the real economy.
Last year, 20 billion yuan Haihe Industrial Fund was established, and 500 billion yuan of social capital was mobilized, which was mainly invested in pillar industries and emerging industries to develop and expand advanced manufacturing industries.
"Tianjin has a good manufacturing foundation and many state-owned enterprises. Setting up a fund is an effective carrier to promote industrial transformation and upgrading, improve quality and increase efficiency. " The person in charge of Tianjin Equity Investment Fund Association said that in recent years, industrial funds have been set up to stimulate social investment, improve the efficiency of capital use and solve some market failures.
In order to ensure that the funds are truly invested in the real economy, Haihe Industrial Fund has published a negative list: all investment funds directly or indirectly funded by Haihe Industrial Fund are not allowed to engage in 1 1 business such as "increasing government debt in disguised form", "engaging in guarantee, mortgage and entrusted loan other than financing guarantee", "absorbing deposits or absorbing deposits in disguised form, and providing loans and capital borrowing to third parties".
By the end of June this year, 12 intelligent technology and advanced manufacturing projects had landed in Tianjin, with a scale of 29.8 billion yuan; 27 projects are under way, with a scale of 654.38+0032 billion yuan. The biggest landing project is the Ziguangyun project. Haihe Industrial Fund and Ziguang Group jointly initiated the establishment of a parent fund with a scale of 654.38+0.2 billion yuan, aiming at building a public cloud service provider and a data operation R&D base. Followed by high-tech investment projects with a scale of 8 billion yuan, the goal is to build a leading market-oriented primary medical service platform in China.
"A series of policy measures such as simple administration, tax reduction and fee reduction have enhanced the investment stamina of enterprises, especially private enterprises." Li Hong, deputy director of Tianjin Financial Bureau, said that since the establishment of Tianjin Free Trade Zone for more than three years, a number of financial policy systems that can be replicated and promoted have been formed. The efficiency of capital use has been continuously improved, and the efficiency of enterprise capital turnover has been improved by 90%. Measures such as one-stop comprehensive service of foreign exchange business and green channel for enterprises to open accounts have improved the efficiency and level of financial services. "One seal for examination and approval" reduced the examination and approval time by more than 50%, which effectively promoted the development of the real economy.
As of the first half of this year, the decline in fixed assets investment in Tianjin narrowed by 8.3 percentage points compared with the first quarter. Among them, the decline in private investment was significantly narrowed by 20.2 percentage points compared with the first quarter, accounting for 47.6%.
Focus on good projects that are conducive to increasing employment capacity, have scientific and technological content and ensure environmental protection quality.
"Stable investment is not simply to stabilize the growth rate, but to expand effective investment, optimize the supply structure, increase effective supply and meet effective demand." Chen said that for Guizhou, the standard for testing stable investment is to ensure that we can win the battle against poverty as scheduled and keep the two bottom lines of development and ecology. From 20 13 to 20 17, Guizhou has completed a total infrastructure investment of 2.2 trillion yuan, and infrastructure construction has played an important role in the province's fight against poverty and stabilizing investment to promote growth.
At the same time, Guizhou always pays attention to the organic combination of promoting high-quality development in stable investment. In the direction of investment, we always focus on good projects that are conducive to increasing employment capacity, have scientific and technological content and ensure environmental protection quality. In terms of investment structure, we will pay more attention to filling the "three short boards" of poverty alleviation, infrastructure, education and medical care, and make the "three long boards" of powerful data, big tourism and big ecology, firmly grasp the focus of the real economy, do a good job in the "introduction of thousands of enterprises", "transformation of thousands of enterprises" and "integration of thousands of enterprises" of big data, and do everything possible to transform and upgrade the supply of traditional products, increase the supply of high-quality emerging products, and promote the new and old kinetic energy. In terms of investment subjects, we will vigorously promote the strategic reorganization of state-owned enterprises, pay more attention to activating private investment and attracting foreign investment, carry out large-scale industrial investment promotion and business environment improvement, and give full play to the synergistic integration of government investment and private investment in promoting effective investment.
"Reducing costs is the key to stabilizing the investment expectation of enterprises." Zhou Mi said that there is still much room for the institutional transaction costs and financing costs of enterprises to fall.
In May this year, Tianjin issued 38 policies and measures to reduce the cost of the real economy in eight aspects. Among them, there are 2 1 policies and measures to reduce corporate tax burden, including reducing the value-added tax rate of some industries; Reduce labor costs from four aspects, including reducing the contribution rate of urban workers' basic medical insurance enterprises; Reduce the financing cost 1, that is, implement the financial discount policy for venture guarantee loans; Reduce the cost of energy resources, that is, reduce the cost of gas and electricity; There are two aspects to reduce the logistics cost, that is, to implement preferential policies for large transport vehicles and reduce the logistics cost of Tianjin Port; Five aspects of reducing institutional transaction costs, including carrying out the pilot reform of "separation of licenses" and implementing the reform of "one network for government affairs"; There are 1 items to reduce the cost of innovation and entrepreneurship, that is, to stimulate the vitality of entrepreneurs' innovation and entrepreneurship ... It is estimated that after the implementation of these policies and measures, the cost of enterprises will be reduced by at least 30.8 billion yuan every year.