The net assets of public institutions specifically include public funds, fixed funds, special funds, public balances and operating balances, etc.

Among them, special funds refer to funds with special purposes set up by public institutions in accordance with regulations, mainly including employee welfare funds, medical funds, repair and purchase funds, housing funds, etc.

Net assets are divided into restricted-purpose and non-restricted-purpose net assets according to whether the purpose is restricted. The former includes fixed funds and special funds, and the latter includes enterprise funds, etc.; according to the source of formation, it is divided into external injection and internally formed net assets. The former refers to the provision by national appropriation departments and donors.

The latter refers to the net assets formed by public institutions that are set aside from income and balances in accordance with regulations, such as special funds.

Expanded information: Set up "business funds", "fixed funds", "special funds", "business balances", "operating balances" and other accounts in accordance with the regulations of the system, and calculate each net asset separately, based on the cash basis and the accrual basis.

In principle, they are recognized separately, measured based on the actual amount incurred, and recorded using the debit and credit accounting method.

The items under "net assets" in the balance sheet are listed as book balances, which are in order: business funds, fixed funds, special funds, business balances, and operating balances.

Public institutions should set up the "Public Institution Fund" account to account for the various sources, applications and balances of the public institution fund, and set up two detailed accounts of "General Fund" and "Investment Fund" under this account.

[Example 1] At the end of the year, a certain public institution transferred the unallocated balance of 860,000 yuan to the public institution fund.

The accounting entries are as follows: Debit: Balance distribution 860,000 Credit: Institutional fund - general fund 860,000 [Example 2] A certain special task of a certain public institution was completed. According to regulations, the special balance of 4,000 yuan was retained for the use of the unit.