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Another: Mozart's death has a new theory:
It is said that the recent research published by American medical professor Faith Fitzgerald shows that Mozart, an Austrian music master, died of rheumatic fever, not other diseases or causes. This discovery may end the century-old debate about Mozart's death.
& ltbr & gt Mozart179165438+died in Vienna on February 5th at the age of 35. His untimely death not only made the world music world lament, but also left a mystery to the western medical community. There are different opinions about the cause of his death. His family doctor wrote in the register of the deceased in Stefan Cathedral in Vienna that he "died of millet fever", but some people said that he died of typhoid fever, syphilis or liver and kidney failure, and some even attributed his death to drug abuse or even jealousy of music.
& ltbr & gt After years of research, Faith Fitzgerald, a medical professor at the University of California in the United States, believes that Mozart died of rheumatic fever, an epidemic that ravaged Europe at that time, and all the symptoms before his death were typical symptoms of rheumatic fever. She said that at the beginning of Mozart's illness, there were no other adverse reactions except fever and headache, then his hands and feet swelled, and then his whole body swelled and he could not turn over. After the second week, Mozart lost his appetite, developed a red rash on his chest and kept vomiting. Rheumatic fever took the life of this musical genius in only 15 days.
The mystery of Mozart's death
Mozart, a talented composer, died young, and human factors at that time led to Mozart's death.
Confused, while people appreciate his wonderful works, they often regret his early death, and at the same time, they also regret his death.
It has aroused great interest, and people have not stopped exploring the mystery of Mozart's death for hundreds of years, just now.
According to the information we have, Mozart's cause of death has reached more than 100. Recently, with the remains of Mozart's family,
The discovery of the mystery of Mozart's death is expected to be uncovered by fans in 2006, the 250th anniversary of Mozart's birth.
secret ...
Mozart has been away from our planet 2 13 for two months since his life sublimated, so he used his
The date of birth is 249 years and 8 days, and next year's 65438+1October 27th is his 250th birthday anniversary, in memory of him.
Mozart's year in 2006 was chosen according to his birthday, which is the second year we know.
Mozart year (the last Mozart year was 199 1). When we say the great Mozart, the first thing we should think of is.
He is leopold mozart from augsburg and Anna Ma from Saint-Gergen.
The product of the perfect combination of Leah, of course, Annamaria's ancestral home is also German. In a small town called Saint Wolfgang, near the lake of Wolfgang, Germany, judging from the genetic genes of Mozart's parents, Mozart can be described as a smart girl of German descent, without any Nazi worship. Then on a great trip to Mozart initiated by Leopold, young Mozart, as a great musician, became an idol worshipped by all mankind. What is an idol? In the English-speaking world, idols are God and Baal (the god of life and education believed by ancient Canaanites). For such a cultural idol of all mankind, our nerves are often too excited, too numb and too neurotic. A lot of Mozart's research.
It is rare that Mozart was honored both before and after his death. Although he visited one aristocrat after another in order to find a job, he remained in the world as a child prodigy, and a generation made great achievements and became a well-deserved standard bearer in the glorious classical music era. So today, there are an endless stream of worshippers in Europe, and everyone must go to Salzburg when they go to Europe. More kind-hearted people have to follow the route Mozart once traveled to find Mozart's footprints in those years. From the perspective of musical and cultural celebrities, Mozart's admirers can form a long line. How many people are poor and cool enough to study every growing experience or detail of Mozart for fun and take pride in it? Therefore, since the appearance of prodigy attracted the attention of the world, the study of Mozart has never stopped and is in the ascendant. Mozart's contemporaries, as well as his later wife konstanz, later, Austrian diplomat Olga Nicholas Nathan, an expert in Mozart studies, married Mozart's widow konstanz after Mozart's death 18. Nathan, as a witness behind Mozart and an expert in Mozart studies, wrote the second biography of Mozart in the world. (The first book was published in 1798). There are many researchers behind him: Alfred Einstein of Germany, Huizeming of Japan, Fu Lei of China, Qian Renkang, Zhao Xinshan, etc. Have original research. With the arrival of Mozart's 250th birthday, the study of Mozart has deepened, and it can be said that Mozart is an endless topic.
As early as the 200th anniversary of Mozart's death,1991kloc-0/2.30 published an article entitled "For whom to ask for a soul". This article was confirmed by a group of Hollywood scholars and detectives represented by Robbins Langdon and Richard Mond. This paper lists ten latest research achievements, which are called Mozart's little-known 10 incident. The 10 event is roughly as follows: 1. Mozart was not poor when he died. 2. Mozart is not a forgotten tragic figure; 3. Mozart was not buried in the graveyard of the poor; According to records, Mozart died of typhoid fever, but it is more likely that he was infected by streptococcus. 5. The rumor that Mozart was poisoned soon spread and passed down; 6. According to Mozart's family, Mozart himself was the first to put forward the idea of poisoning; 7. The early biography (1798) believed that Mozart believed that he would die soon and wrote a requiem for himself; 8. The "man in gray" who came to him to write requiem is real; 9. The story about Mozart handing over the work of completing the requiem to Seuss Mayer seems to be embellished by konstanz; 10。 Salieri didn't participate in any work of Requiem. What I attach most importance to here is the first question, which is quite different from the historical statement.
As far as the study of Mozart's death is concerned, Pushkin wrote Mozart and salieri in 1830, that is, the seventh year after salieri's death. Sixty-seven years later, Russian composer Rimsky-Korsakov wrote an opera of the same name, which was adapted from the play Amadeus by British playwright Peter schaffer and directed by Hollywood director Milos Furman in 1984.
According to an article in Wen Wei Po (1992) (in Yang Weimin), the cause of Mozart's death and his burial, Pushkin's tragedy Mozart and salieri is contrary to the story of the English playwright Peter schaffer's play Amadeus. Salieri was crazy before he announced that he had poisoned Mozart. At that time, the newspaper reported: "salieri, whom we admire infinitely, has completely lost his mind. On his deathbed, he mumbled that he was a sinner of Mozart's early death. Who will believe this kind of nonsense, except the crazy old man himself ... "In Beethoven's" Talking Notes ",the comments of" sheer nonsense "are also clearly found.
Some people say that Mozart died strangely. Someone must have murdered Mozart, so I studied it from this perspective. As a result, I found a lot of empirical evidence to prove Mozart's death. I read such a newspaper clipping document, because it was too long, and I forgot to write the date, which seems to be around 1992. The newspaper clipping said it was at a music festival in Brighton, a coastal city in southern England. The "Mozart Death Court", which is composed of more than 250 musicians and lawyers who admire Mozart, preliminarily draws the conclusion that Mozart was murdered according to the music history and numerous historical materials. As for who the murderer is, there are three different views. One theory is that the murderer is the husband of Mozart's mistress, the Viennese court minister Hao Vermehr; Secondly, antonio salieri, who is considered to be a court musician, is said to be extremely jealous; The third is that it is a disciple of Mozart, Susmeyer. Of these three people, people think that Hao Vermehr is the most suspect, because he killed his wife with a razor on the day Mozart was buried, and then cut his throat.
Mozart, a talented composer, died on February 5th at the age of 35 at the age of 179 165438. In the following 200 years, while people appreciated his wonderful works, they often regretted his untimely death, and there were constant speculations about his cause of death, including cerebral hemorrhage, typhoid fever and even poisoning. Not only amateur analysts who think they are quite capable of Sherlock Holmes often have whimsy, but also skilled medical experts are unwilling to be lonely and have their own theories.
In 2004, there were many papers about Mozart's death at the Sixth American Congress of Clinical Pathology held in Baltimore, USA. But these conclusions are not based on some clues, but the results of people who have studied Mozart's history professionally. Among them, a female doctor named Fitzgerald has a remarkable point of view. She thinks Mozart died of rheumatic fever.
Mozart 1756 was born in Salzburg, Austria. As a child, he showed great musical talent. When he was young, his brilliant works were published constantly and became famous. However, just when his career was in full swing, he suddenly fell ill on17911.20. He has a high fever, aches all over, and his arms and thighs are severely swollen. Mozart was still awake at this time, but the illness made the music lover unable to stand the singing of birds and made people move the birdcage out of the house. A week later, Mozart began to vomit and diarrhea, and his whole body was swollen, so that even the clothes he wore seemed too small. 179 1 65438+February 5, 2008, this talented musician finally passed away and got rid of the pain.
According to this development, Dr. Fitzgerald thinks that "Mozart obviously died of rheumatic fever". Rheumatic fever is a disease caused by bacteria. Nowadays, due to the development of antibiotic technology, it is extremely easy to treat, but it was still incurable more than 200 years ago. Dr Fitzgerald believes that Mozart's death can rule out lung disease and typhus, because Mozart did not have the typical symptoms of these diseases. Rheumatic fever caused Mozart's heart function to decline and his whole body became swollen. Moreover, Mozart suddenly got tired of singing birds, which is also a typical symptom of rheumatic fever patients. Any movement will make the patient restless.
Jane of a medical research center in Seattle, USA? Dr Heasman recently pointed out that Mozart, an Austrian composer, probably ate undercooked pork infected with Trichinella spiralis.
To sum up, from many research results, some researchers are still wandering in the misunderstanding of Mozart's death, because we are studying Mozart's death, not the death of others. As far as our existing historical materials are concerned, Mozart's body has been lost, so where many people's research results come from can only be inferred from some historical materials, so such inference seems unfounded. After more than 200 years, people often say "Death tells no tales". It seems that people have different opinions on Mozart's death, and it is difficult to get a consistent statement. Just like the above speculation and judgment about Mozart's death has been stopped, and it is still increasing. According to the latest research results of Discovery, there are more than 100 conclusions about Mozart's death!
Recently, there has been a new breakthrough in the study of Mozart. Archaeologists have recently discovered some bones that are considered to be relatives of Mozart. Recently, scientists will conduct DNA tests on these bones and the skull preserved by the International Mozart Foundation, thus solving the mystery of Mozart's skull 100 years ago. Bigger, the initiator of this DNA test and a female reporter in the science section of Austrian national television? Zeshuna said that archaeologists discovered a tomb believed to belong to the Mozart family in Salzburg, Austria last week, which contained several bones. Because someone claims to have Mozart's skull. Dr Herbert ulrich, a forensic pathologist who specializes in the bones of German and Austrian celebrities, said that Mozart's skull collected by the Foundation must be fake. "I checked the 1999 plaster model of the skull. All the features of the skull indicate that it is a woman's skull. The problem is that no one can really be sure. Because Mozart was hastily buried, it was not long before no one knew where his grave was. The only way to find the answer is DNA testing. "
Judging from the research results in the materials we have today, most of them are in the empirical stage, which is still a little far from the final results of the scientific empirical stage. However, it can be seen that this goal is approaching step by step. With the DNA testing of Mozart's family's remains, the mystery of Mozart's death will not be too far away. Even if the mystery is solved, Mozart is still a Mozart who will never finish talking. ...
Trichinella spiralis killed Mozart.
An American medical expert said that Austrian composer Mozart died of trichinosis in the18th century, not by Italian composer antonio salieri who was jealous of him.
There are many stories about Mozart's death, including typhoid fever, renal failure and murder. 17911On February 5, Mozart died suddenly at the age of 35, and two weeks ago, he was still in good health.
Dr. Hertzman, a professor of medicine at the University of Washington in the United States, said that Mozart's high fever, headache, toxic rash and swelling and pain were all symptoms of trichinosis. Hertzman also quoted a letter that Mozart wrote to his wife three weeks before his death, in which he mentioned a kind of half-baked pork chop that he liked very much-this kind of food was very prone to trichinosis, which was incurable at that time.
A new probe into Mozart's death: because of eating contaminated pork chops
China Journal website reported on June 14: The latest research by American researchers found new clues about the puzzling death of Mozart, a great musician. It may be trichinosis because he ate contaminated pork chops, which led to his early death.
Mozart 179 1 12 died in Vienna at the age of 36. His two doctors did not dissect his body. However, a doctor noticed that the limbs of the body were swollen.
Agence France-Presse reported on June 12 that Hirschman, a medical researcher at the University of Washington, recently concluded that Mozart probably died of trichinosis. Generally speaking, people who eat raw pork or game with Trichinella spiralis larvae will cause trichinosis.
Hirschman reached this conclusion according to a letter Mozart wrote to his wife on June 7th. "Mozart wrote in the letter ... what do I smell? Pork chop! What a sweet smell. I am lucky to taste such pork chops. I wish you good health. "
Mozart died 44 days after writing this letter. Trichinella spiralis larvae do not necessarily damage human tissues immediately, and the latent time of trichinosis is long or short, up to 50 days.
In addition to the clues provided in the letter, Mozart's body and limbs have edema, which also conforms to the symptoms of trichinosis. Common symptoms of trichinosis include vomiting, edema of limbs, high fever and itching. According to the record, Mozart complained that he was uncomfortable and itchy. In Mozart's time, the deterioration of trichinosis often led to the death of patients.
Hirschman wrote in the latest issue of Archives of Internal Medicine: "If Mozart did get trichinosis in the end, he may have inadvertently revealed his cause of death accurately."
The mystery of Mozart's skull, which has plagued the world for nearly a hundred years, seems to continue to plague the world. According to a report broadcast by an Austrian TV station on the occasion of Mozart's 250th birthday this Sunday, the "Mozart skull" found in an Austrian basement has been repeatedly compared with the DNA of Mozart's relatives, but the answer is: we are still not sure whether "he" is Mozart.
The DNA of the two "relatives" is also different.
Last night, researchers revealed on TV that the "Mozart Skull" belonging to the Mozart Foundation since 1902 has different DNA test results from the bones of two relatives in the family, which means that either there are fakes that span 200 years, or the two so-called "Mozart relatives" are not members of the Mozart family at all, because even the DNA test results between the two hypothetical relatives as comparison samples are different.
Franz Grabots of Austrian local TV station admitted last night: "It is still a question whether we got the right skull."
179 1 year, the composer died at the age of 35 and was buried in an unmarked cemetery. After that, his body disappeared. 180 1 year, according to the grave digger JosephRothmayer, he dug up Mozart's skull from the cemetery in Vienna. Although this "Mozart skull" is missing a part of the lower jaw, it is still regarded as "Mozart" and was handed over to the Mozart Foundation in Salzburg by the descendants of the composer.
Look in the teeth and femur.
In 2004, the forensic doctor of Innsbruck College was allowed to excavate the remains of Mozart's relatives. In the cemetery of Sebastian in Salzburg, they found 9 bodies and many bones, including Mozart's father Leopold and his wife constance. But obviously, the best choice is the recently discovered two dusty female skeletons, presumably Mozart's niece Janet and grandmother Effie Lin Xiawei Pitel. "We need to test the heritability of mitochondrial DNA in women," said pathologist Walt Par-son, who conducted the skull test. "We have all their bones, and their shapes are well preserved. We decided to use the femur to extract DNA. " After obtaining their DNA samples, the researchers transported Mozart's skull from Salzburg to Innsbruck's laboratory for comparison, and one of the teeth was cut in half for DNA extraction. "We tried to determine that this is Mozart, but no one can be sure." Parsons said. "This is a strange story." Professor Parsons said, "The skull is now returned to the Mozart Foundation and locked in a safe place", so is it still valuable? "My personal opinion is that Mozart is the greatest musician in the world, and it doesn't matter whether this skull is his or not."
Link: Skull scar reveals cause of death. The mystery of Mozart's skull will be solved
The mystery of Mozart's skull, which has puzzled the world for a century, is about to be revealed. Researchers in Vienna, Austria1October 3 said that this weekend, they will reveal the final DNA test results of Mozart's skull in a documentary broadcast on local TV programs as one of the activities to commemorate the 250th birthday of this great talented composer.
The mystery of the century-old skull is about to be revealed!
According to the Associated Press 654381October 3, last year, experts from the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Innsbruck, Austria began to conduct DNA tests on bone samples suspected of Mozart's skull. This long-awaited test result will be revealed to the world in a documentary called Mozart: Looking for Evidence broadcast on Austrian National Television (ORF) on Sunday.
Dr. Walther palsson, a famous forensic pathologist in charge of this research, said that the previous test results were not decisive, but this time "we succeeded in getting a clear answer". He said that this result has been "100% confirmed" by an American military laboratory, but he declined to give more details.
Dr. palsson said that the researchers had analyzed the genetic material extracted from the fragments scraped from the skull and compared it with the DNA samples extracted from Mozart family graves, grandmothers and nieces in 2004.
Where did Mozart's mysterious skull come from
It is reported that this suspected Mozart skull has puzzled people for more than a century. It has long been preserved by the International Mozart Foundation in Salzburg. 1756 65438+1October 27th, Mozart was born in Salzburg.
Mozart died in 179 1 and was buried in a poor man's grave in Vienna's Saint Kyle cemetery. The original location of the cemetery is unknown, but in 1855, the approximate location of the cemetery was determined. It is rumored that a group of grave diggers later secretly dug up Mozart's skull. 1902, after all kinds of twists and turns, the skull that lost its jaw was finally preserved in the Mozart Foundation in Salzburg.
The residents of Salzburg, Austria, established the International Mozart Foundation on 1880, which is a non-governmental non-profit organization to collect and preserve various Mozart's relics for future generations. The Mozart Foundation has preserved the skull to this day and accepted DNA identification.
The scar on the skull reveals the cause of death of the genius?
For a long time, this mysterious skull has fascinated archaeologists and people interested in Mozart all over the world. As early as 199 1, a French scholar came to an amazing conclusion after studying this skull (although this conclusion has not been confirmed). He said that Mozart may have died of various complications caused by head injuries, rather than the result of rheumatic fever as many historians previously thought.
The French scholar found a fracture in the left sideburns of the skull and made the above inference. He thinks Mozart may have hurt his skull when he fell. This theory can also explain why the composer suffered from severe headache for many years before his death.
In 2006, people will soon celebrate the 250th birthday of this great talented composer. At that time, Vienna and Salzburg will hold various commemorative activities.