Fund: Broadly speaking, a fund refers to a certain amount of funds established for a certain purpose. For example, trust investment funds, unit trust funds, provident funds, insurance funds, retirement funds, and various foundation funds. Funds in the existing securities market, including closed-end funds and open-end funds, have the characteristics of income-generating functions and value-added potential. From an accounting perspective, funds are a narrow concept, meaning funds with specific purposes and uses. Funds are formed because investors from governments and public institutions do not require investment returns or investment recovery, but require funds to be used for designated purposes in accordance with legal provisions or the investor's wishes. Futures: Futures are subject matter that is bought and sold now, but will be settled or delivered in the future. This subject matter can be a certain commodity such as gold, crude oil, agricultural products, a financial instrument, or a financial indicator. Futures delivery can be one week later, one month later, three months later, or even one year later. A contract or agreement to buy or sell futures is called a futures contract. The place where futures are bought and sold is called the futures market. Investors can invest or speculate in futures. Options: Also known as options, they are a derivative financial instrument based on futures. In essence, options are essentially pricing rights and obligations separately in the financial field, so that the transferee of rights can exercise his rights within a specified time whether to conduct a transaction, and the obligated party must perform. When trading options, the party who purchases the option is called the buyer, and the party who sells the option is called the seller; the buyer is the assignee of the right, and the seller is the obligator who must perform the buyer's exercise of the right.