This paper comes from the outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan on the development of an efficient ecological economic zone in the Yellow River Delta.
The following is the relevant information. If you want to know more, you can refer to the outline of Baidu National Tenth Five-Year Plan. (Hope to adopt)
The development of high-efficiency eco-economic zone in the Yellow River Delta was included in the outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for the first time, starting from 200 1. At that time, the State Planning Commission made the following statement: In this typical area with ecological integrity, intensive resources, mature basic conditions and independent administration, we should concentrate our efforts, make key breakthroughs, gain experience and get quick results, thus radiating and promoting the construction and development of the entire Yellow River Delta region.
"Positioning the development of the Yellow River Delta as an' efficient eco-economic zone' is to explore a brand-new economic growth model under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development." On March 26th, Du Ying, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission and head of the joint research group of national ministries and commissions, pointed out that the construction of the Yellow River Delta high-efficiency eco-economic zone is of exemplary significance in China. Whether this problem can be solved well is related to the historical position and development prospect of the Yellow Triangle.
A brand-new economic growth model
The supporting factors of economic development such as land, water and energy are profoundly affecting the distribution of productive forces in Shandong Province.
According to the investigation of Shandong Development and Reform Commission, the land utilization rate in our province has reached 89%, which is much higher than the national average of 72.6%. The annual water resources per capita is 344 cubic meters, which is only 14.7% of the national average. What is particularly serious is that in the primary energy consumption structure, coal and oil account for more than 98%. During the peak period of electricity consumption and when the international oil price is high, there are some phenomena, such as power restriction by enterprises and soaring production costs, which pose a severe challenge to the steady development of the economy.
"It is urgent to explore a scientific growth model and maintain sustainable development." Li Yongjian, deputy director of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, believes that the organic combination of efficient economy and ecological economy is the fundamental way to solve the existing development dilemma and upgrade the growth mode. The natural endowment of the Yellow River Delta determines that it must develop an "efficient ecological economy".
What is an "efficient eco-economic development model"? The research office of the provincial government describes it as follows: the micro-production links in the region, from the acquisition of raw materials, the whole production process to product recycling, all reflect the characteristics of environmental friendliness; Macro-organizational structure, forming a circular economy industrial chain composed of clean production enterprises; In terms of industrial development layout, it has developed into an eco-industrial community composed of multiple eco-parks. That is, considering the combination characteristics of natural resources, ecological and economic conditions and regional economic growth. To achieve the dual goals of efficient development and ecological protection. "At present, the eco-economic foundation in the Yellow River Delta is good, and exploring an efficient eco-economic growth model has the lowest cost and the fastest effect." Li Yongjian said.
The development of the Yellow River Delta is different from the early development of the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta, which represents the new orientation of the regional development model in the new period. Du Ying pointed out that this development model is not only an improvement of Shandong's own economic growth model, but also a demonstration and driving role for other parts of China to take the road of efficient eco-economic development.
The Mode of Building a National Efficient Ecological Economic Zone
From March 24th to March 3rd1day, a joint investigation team consisting of 78 people from 25 ministries and commissions of the country was divided into 7 groups to conduct an all-round investigation on the infrastructure and water conservancy in the Yellow River Delta. "This survey is not to start a new stove, but to modify, improve and upgrade the' Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Economic Zone Development Plan' issued by the Shandong Provincial Government last April to make it more in line with the national strategic development needs."
Du Ying said that in order to accelerate the development and construction of the Yellow River Delta at the national strategic level, the existing productivity of 26,500 square kilometers must be sorted out and laid out according to the requirements of advanced economic form, ecological industrial structure and efficient operation of economic system.
The new industrial layout is "4.4 areas and one area". That is, around Dongying, Binzhou, Weifang and Laizhou, four port-facing industrial zones are planned and built to form the northern coastal economic belt of Shandong Province.
The Yellow Triangle starts from Dakou Estuary in the west and reaches Hutouya in Laizhou in the east, connecting Laizhou Bay and Bohai Bay. The beach is flat and straight, suitable for large-scale development. According to the concept of centralized and intensive use of the sea, by 2020, the region will invest 520 billion yuan to build four sea-using areas: namely, in the coastal section of Laizhou on the southeast coast of Laizhou Bay, the salt and salt chemical industry and offshore wind energy industry will be focused on and become a new energy base in the Yellow Triangle; Weifang is located in the southwest coast of Laizhou Bay, focusing on the development of advanced manufacturing, marine industry, green energy industry, real estate industry, marine airport and so on. And build a new marine city in the Yellow Triangle; Dongying Bank on the west bank of Laizhou Bay will focus on the development of offshore oil development supporting industries and commercial trade industries, and build Dongying into a real coastal oil city in the Yellow River Delta. Binzhou coast on the south bank of Bohai Bay focuses on developing marine chemical industry, offshore wind power industry, small and medium-sized shipbuilding industry and logistics industry, forming the nearest seaport of Jinan metropolitan area and Bohai Bay marine chemical base.
Modern industrial system is the core support for the development of the Yellow River Delta. Focusing on the overall requirements of "high efficiency, ecology, scale and innovation", in agriculture, we will focus on accelerating the comprehensive agricultural development with the transformation of middle and low yield fields and the development of new energy in rural areas with biogas as the main body, and build high-quality grain and cotton production bases, green fruit and vegetable production bases and green ecological animal husbandry bases. In terms of industry, priority should be given to developing high-tech industries, optimizing the development of petrochemical, salt chemical and coal chemical industries, upgrading the development level of traditional industries such as textiles and paper making, and vigorously developing recycling industries.
Focusing on modern logistics, eco-tourism and financial insurance, the development of the service industry in the Yellow River Delta faces Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Bohai Rim and Northeast Asia. By 2020, the Yellow Triangle will have 19 modern logistics parks. * * * Promote the tourism theme of "Magic Yellow River Estuary, Ecological Wetland, Dream Oil City, Vu Thang Hometown, World Kite Capital, Circular Economy Model and Gold Coast"; The Yellow River Delta Development Bank will be established to build two regional financial centers, Dongying and Binzhou.
Fishery is an important pillar industry in the Yellow River Delta. In the development of modern fisheries, from 2009 to 2020, we will invest 30 billion yuan to implement the restoration of fishery resources and the standardized ecological fish pond management project, build 10 healthy breeding demonstration areas with an area of more than 6,000 hectares, develop special species such as prawn, sea cucumber, swimming crab, flounder and shellfish, and cultivate 20 leading fishery enterprises, so that the total fishery output value will reach 65,438+.
By optimizing the regional layout with environmental capacity, by 2020, the energy consumption per unit GDP and the total discharge of major pollutants in the Yellow River Delta will be reduced by 30% compared with 20 10, and the diversity of ecosystems will be effectively protected and enhanced, and an internationally renowned wetland nature reserve will be built.
The national joint research group believes that the Yellow Triangle will be built into the most important agricultural economic zone, modern logistics zone, high-tech innovation demonstration zone and the most important efficient ecological economic zone in Shandong Province.
Exploring the road of efficient land development and transformation of resource-based cities
At present, the Bohai Rim region is becoming the roof of the world leading the national economic growth. The plan for the northern shore of Bohai Sea puts forward Liaoning coastal economic belt and enjoys preferential policies for the transformation of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Tianjin Binhai New Area, located on the west bank, has been upgraded to a state-level economic new area, enjoying major preferential treatment such as financial and industrial funds. The development of the south bank where the Yellow Triangle is located lags behind, which affects the overall economic strength of the Bohai Rim region.
More than 8 million mu of unused land is the advantage of the Yellow Triangle and the potential of the south bank around Bohai Sea. "It is very important for the development of the Yellow River Delta to set up a pilot area where unused land is directly developed into construction land." Fei, director of the Shandong Provincial Development and Reform Commission, believes that those unused land that is difficult to develop into cultivated land should be cut into pieces separately and issued planning indicators in addition to the overall planning indicators of Shandong construction land, and directly developed into construction land; At the same time, setting up "enclave industrial park" in unused areas and trying to construct compensation and incentive mechanism for less cultivated land will reduce the occupation of cultivated land in the whole country and accelerate the development process of the Yellow River Delta.
Dongying, located in the core area of the Yellow River Delta, is a typical resource-based city. 50% of the industrial added value above designated size and 60% of the municipal fiscal revenue depend on the oil industry. Zhang Qiubo, secretary of Dongying Municipal Party Committee, told the reporter that of the 8 1 10000 mu of unused land in the Yellow River Delta, Dongying accounts for more than 4 million mu, and owns more than 20,000 mu of new construction land in the Yellow River every year. "If the state gives support to the development of oil-related industries, the 1.300 square kilometer Lingang Industrial Zone will become a new development support for Dongying, greatly reducing the cost of transformation."
It is necessary to take the lead in establishing the development model of environmental optimization and economic growth in the high-efficiency eco-economic zone, and to innovate the system and mechanism in the aspects of comprehensive development and economical utilization of resources and compensation for ecological benefits. It also requires the state to give priority to the proportion of resource tax collection, approve the establishment of emission trading market, and establish an ecological compensation mechanism for nature reserves.