1On June 2nd, 862, under the summer shade after the rain, a strange western-style three-masted sailboat sailed into Wusongkou, Shanghai. On the eve of Meiji Restoration in Japan, the Japanese shogunate was sent to China for the first time after breaking the 200-year lock-up system. Chitose pill? . Among the 5 1 Japanese on board, except for 5 clear records left by Takayama Shinji, others are the famous Aoi sora Records of Guan Chuan's Overseas Day of Chitose Pills and Records of Knowing That. Zhong Muda and Kuranosuke's Diary of a Trip to Shanghai and Stagnation Miscellany of China and Shanghai; Song Tian Wu Banji's Diary of Tang Guo Crossing the Sea; There are 17 texts, such as * * *, which are collected from the daily records of the voyage and notes of the servant Feng Youzu doctor Wei, also known as jie feng, which have been handed down in Shanghai in the Qing Dynasty, providing us with a lot of detailed information about the situation in Shanghai at that time. Because? Chitose pill? I just bought second-hand goods from the British, and the driver was still British, so there was Captain Henry on board. Richardo Song et al. UK15; Because Japan had not yet established a formal business relationship with the Qing Dynasty at that time, the goods it carried needed to enter Shanghai in the name of Dutch goods, so there was a Dutch businessman Tumelin Gu. They stopped at the Dutch consulate in the French Concession, Dianye Foreign Firm, and stayed in a foreign-style Hongji hotel run by China's Zhang Xuxiu nearby. According to Mingcang's account, not far from the north of Hongji is the Customs Building of the Qing court: Jiangnan style? .

At this time, the Taiping Army occupied Suzhou and was attacking Shanghai. According to the statistics of North China News, the population of Shanghai suddenly increased to 3 million, including 2.5 million refugees. According to the statistics of Selected Archives of Wu Xu 1862, the number of deaths in one year is not less than one million. The famous warehouse Anato said? Out of Xue's house? When crossing the river, I saw some refugees and their wives living on the boat. I didn't know there were thousands of boats. ? Rivers, taxis and Shanghai are also crowded with refugees everywhere. The result is just as Xifeng said: In Shanghai? The road is full of dung and mustard, the soil is buried and the stench passes through the nose. (Qing history) its filth is unspeakable. ? Nafje Giromata said: The local people threw dead cats and dogs, dead horses, dead pigs and dead sheep and all the dirty things into the river, and the river floated to the shore. Coupled with the feces of tens of thousands of ships, the river has become dirtier. And then what? Does this river often drift? Human body. At that time, cholera was prevalent and refugees could not be treated. Many people died of hunger and thirst, perhaps because they could not be buried and were thrown into the river. This scene is really unbearable. ? At that time, the drinking water was river water, but some alum precipitation was added. So the bodies of their accompanying servants, Tomtaro and Denjiro, and the chef Bingji, were buried in the mud crossing in Pudong. Takayama Shinsuke's attitude towards this is:? I heard that my colleagues Watanabe and Shiro's servants were ill last night, and now they are in a fog. There are many sick people in the same trade, and philosophers are timid, and they have or urge them to return to their thoughts. If you do, you will die if you go abroad in one step, but it is useless to die in vain, and there is nothing else to protect yourself. ?

Refugees from all directions naturally brought soaring rice prices, said Anato, a famous warehouse. From the rice shop to the rice shop, the ordinary rice price is about 80 to 95 copper coins, and today it is priced ten times. ? Jie feng also had a written conversation with Ma Quan, a refugee who lives in a boat in the pavilion. Q:? Where are the people in this river today? ? All say:? This is a Suzhou refugee. ? Xie yue:? How many people are there? ? All say:? It's hard to elaborate, about100000 people. ? Xie yue:? Did this100000 people buy all the rice and salt they ate in Shanghai? ? Say: Of course. ? Say: Costs and prices are rising day by day. ? Say: A stone of rice often costs three or four thousand a day, but now it costs nine thousand. ? Xie yue:? How will the money be used up? ? Say: Nothing can be done. On June 5th, Nafujisuke Jiro described the whole process of Dutch and French consuls' visit to Daowuxu, Shanghai, while Mingcang described the ostentation and extravagance of Daotai yamen. On the one hand, it also describes the decline everywhere under this gorgeous ostentation and extravagance. Fu Na and Fengjie have both: the Taoist platform is not only useless, but the official's son also hangs old clothes at random. Moreover, as soon as the snacks and water wine for entertaining guests were removed, they were publicly shared by officials! The chief was also dragged down by the price of rice, and the people were starving. How can we expect them to be decent?

?

Gaoshan recorded a written dialogue with China scholar Wen Zhongyan in such a chaotic situation of poverty and weakness: Gaoshan:? Excuse me, is there a difference between what Song Wengong and Zhu Wen said and what westerners said about the poor? ? Wen Zhongyan:? Zhu Wengong's sense of poverty, that is, the self-cultivation of saints, is nothing more than honesty, which is more expensive than practice and is not ashamed. For westerners, although it is based on Mao's principle, it is close to the famous name of number, but it is still separated by a layer of dust. Although this theory is unreliable, I despise it. Please consult me. ? Gaoshan:? It goes without saying that righteousness is good and isolation is isolated from the world. However, it is impossible to rule the world, nor can it rule the world, let alone rule the world. Sailing can't be bad, so you can't work hard. Therefore, it is a compromise to take beneficial equipment as righteousness and use. Otherwise, although the mouth sings the words of a saint, the body has been enslaved by Yidi. ? Wen Zhongyan:? Sincerity is the source of self-cultivation. If you are shallow, you will be honest. Push it and it will be flat. If you run through ancient and modern times, you will take care of Zhou and foreign countries. Speaking of sailing and artillery, you will be kind. If you have to fight, you will be ruthless. But no? ? Although this is an unequal dialogue between literati and laymen, they are blinded by saints and Zhu, and even talk about honesty and benevolence in the face of robbers. Being in a daze is heartbreaking!