First of all, from the perspective of continental Europe, charitable foundations have a long history in Europe. In Europe, the earliest known charity is Plato's Academy, which Plato established in Athens, the capital of ancient Greece, in 387 BC.
Plato's purpose in establishing this college is mainly devoted to the study of concepts, theories, universe and cognition. Later, he left a fertile land to the college as a legacy to his nephew, and stipulated that all this should be used to benefit his disciples.
This is actually a fund to support others. Therefore, some scholars believe that Plato Institute is the earliest charitable foundation.
2. Ordinary high school history thinks of Plato, and everyone should know Plato's love. A spiritual love between the opposite sex named after Plato, a western philosopher, pursues spiritual communication and rejects * * *. Hey hey, what kind of love do you think is better?
Aristotle, like Plato, advocates that education is the function of the state and schools should be managed by the state. He first put forward the viewpoint of children's physical and mental development stage; He is in favor of the education of Athens bodybuilding and harmonious development, and advocates that natural quality, habit formation and rational development should be the three sources of moral education, but he opposes women's education and advocates "elegant" education, so that education can serve leisure.
Aristotle devoted his life to academic research, which involved logic, rhetoric, physics, biology, education, psychology, politics, economics, aesthetics and so on. , and wrote a lot of works. His works are ancient encyclopedias, and it is said that there are 400 to 1000 books, mainly including instrumentalism, metaphysics, physics, ethics and politics. His thoughts have had a far-reaching impact on mankind. He founded formal logic, enriched and developed various branches of philosophy and made great contributions to science.
3. What is the connotation of Plato's Academy? Plato's Academy, as its name implies, is the Academy founded by Plato, also called Agard Academy.
Today's college comes from the word "Agard rice". In 399 BC, Socrates was tried and sentenced to death, and Plato fled to Megara for refuge.
Later, he traveled everywhere, including Sicily, southern Italy, Egypt and other places. In 387 BC, Plato returned to Athens and founded the Academy (or "Agal Dries").
The name of the college is related to the address of the college, and the location of the college is related to the legendary Greek Heroes College, hence the name. Academy is the earliest teaching institution in the West and the predecessor of the developed universities in the Middle Ages.
Plato's Academy existed for more than 900 years until it was closed by Justinian the Great in 529 AD. The college is greatly influenced by Pythagoras, and its curriculum is similar to the traditional topics of Pythagoras school, including arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and acoustics.
In 367 BC, Plato traveled again. At this time, the college has been established for more than 20 years. He came to Syracuse to put his ideas into practice, but was forced into exile. In 360 BC, he returned to Athens and continued to teach and write in the college.
4. It is generally speculated that Plato was born in May of 427 BC or 428 BC or 65438+February (like other early western philosophers, his date of birth is still unknown). Plato was born into a wealthy aristocratic family. His father is Ali Si Tong and his mother is Periken. He is the fourth child in the family. His family claimed to be a descendant of the ancient king of Athens, and he was also the nephew of Chrittia, a famous politician in Athens at that time, but the relationship between them is still controversial. According to Diogenēs Laertius, Plato's original name was Stals, and later he was called Plato because of his strong body (in Greek, the word Platus means "flat and broad"). However, Diogenes also made other suggestions. The name Plato may also come from his fluent eloquence or because he has a broad forehead. Because of Plato's excellent learning ability and other talents, the ancient Greeks also praised him as the son of Apollo, and said that when Plato was a baby, bees stayed on his lips, which made his eloquence so sweet and smooth.
In 399 BC, Socrates was tried and sentenced to death. Plato was completely disappointed with the existing regime, so he began to travel around Italy, Sicily, Egypt, Cyrene and other places for knowledge. At the age of 40 (about 387 BC), he returned to Athens after a trip and founded his own school, Academie, in the holy city of Akkadmi, a northwest suburb outside Athens. Academie became one of the earliest well-organized institutions of higher learning in western civilization, hence its name as the later academic institution, and it was also the predecessor of the developed universities in the Middle Ages. Akkadmi is named after its location, which used to be the residence of the legendary Greek hero demos. The college existed for more than 900 years until it was closed by Justinian the Great in 529 AD. The college is greatly influenced by Pythagoras, and its curriculum is similar to the traditional topics of Pythagoras school, including arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and acoustics. It is said that Plato erected a monument at the entrance of the academy: "Those who don't know geometry are not allowed to enter". The college has trained many intellectuals, the most outstanding of which is Aristotle.
In addition to Homer, Plato was also influenced by many writers and thinkers before this, including the concept of "harmony" put forward by Pythagoras, and Anaxagoras's teaching that Socrates should take mind or reason as the basis for judging anything; Parmenides's theory of connecting everything may also have influenced Plato's concept of soul.
5. High school history: Plato's evaluation 100 Plato is a great philosopher and thinker.
He took "Idealism" as the core, and established a huge philosophical system of objective idealism integrated with other sciences. His political theory, especially his Republic, is the application and development of idealism philosophy, aiming at saving the Greek city-state system from collapse.
Contrary to the historical development trend, it is bound to be difficult to achieve. The influence of Plato's thought on later generations is immeasurable.
Although later scholars have different opinions on Plato's political thought, as the British philosopher Popper said, "Plato's influence is immeasurable. People can say that western thoughts are either Plato or anti-Plato, but they are not non-Plato at any time. " The objective idealism system founded by Plato and the idealistic philosophy line represented by this system have always influenced and restricted the development of western philosophy, and have had a great impact on western literature, art, education, history and political theory.