I admire Archimedes very much and sent someone to put up a notice saying, "In the future, believe Archimedes no matter what he says." King Hennon asked the goldsmith to make a pure gold crown for him. After the completion, the king suspected that the craftsman had mixed silver into the gold crown, but the gold crown was as heavy as the pure gold originally given to the goldsmith. Did the craftsman play tricks? The problem of trying to test the authenticity without destroying the crown not only stumped the king, but also made the ministers look at each other. Later, the king gave it to Archimedes. Archimedes thought hard about many methods, but all failed. One day, he went to the bathhouse to take a bath. Sitting in the bathtub, he saw the water overflowing and felt his body being gently pulled up. He suddenly realized that he jumped out of the bathtub and went straight to the palace without clothes on. He shouted "Eureka" and "Frica" all the way. It turns out that if the crown is put into water, the amount of water discharged is not equal to the same weight of gold, and it must be mixed with other metals. This is the famous law of buoyancy, that is, an object immersed in a liquid is subjected to upward buoyancy, and its size is equal to the weight of the liquid discharged by the object. Later, this law was named Archimedes principle. Patriot Archimedes Archimedes in his later years, Roman troops invaded Syracuse, and Archimedes instructed his compatriots to make many weapons for attack and defense. When Marcelle Sai, the leader of the invading army, led a group of people to attack the city, he designed a trebuchet to beat the enemy out of the water. His crane with iron claws can lift the enemy ship, turn it upside down and throw it into the depths of the sea. Legend has it that he also led the people of Syracuse to make a huge concave mirror, which focused the sunlight on the approaching enemy ship and made it burn. Roman soldiers have been frightened by such frequent blows. They are afraid of everything. As soon as they saw the rope or wood thrown from the city, they exclaimed "Archimedes is coming" and then ran around. Roman troops were kept out of the city for three years. Finally, in 2 12 BC, the Romans took advantage of the slight relaxation of the ancient city of Syracuse to attack on a large scale and break into the city. At this time, Archimedes was studying a profound math problem. A Roman soldier broke into the house and trampled on his drawing with his foot. Archimedes argued with him angrily. The cruel soldier refused to listen, only to see a brilliant scientific superstar fall with a wave of his hand. Barene, who overcame disability-insisted that Barene was disabled due to illness when she was a child, and her mother felt like a knife, but she still endured grief. She thinks that what children need most now is encouragement and help, not mother's tears. Mother came to Barone's sickbed, took his hand and said, "Son, mother believes that you are an ambitious person. I hope you can bravely walk on the road of life with your own legs! Good Barene, can you promise your mother? " Mother's words hit Barene's heart like a hammer. He threw himself into his mother's arms and burst into tears. Since then, whenever my mother is free, she will practice walking and doing gymnastics for Barene, and she is often so tired that she sweats. Once my mother caught a bad cold. She felt that a mother should not only teach by example, but also set an example. Despite her high fever, she got out of bed as planned to help Barene practice walking. Soybean-like sweat dripped from her mother's face. She wiped with a dry towel, gritted her teeth, and helped Barene finish the exercise plan for the day. Physical exercise makes up for the inconvenience caused by disability to Barene. His mother's example deeply educated Barone, and he finally withstood the severe blow of fate. He studies hard and his academic performance has always been among the best in his class. Finally, he was admitted to the Medical College of Vienna University with excellent results. After graduating from college, Barene devoted all her energy to the research of otology. Finally, I finally got on the podium of the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. Joule's knowledge-studious, the famous British scientist Joule loved physics very much since he was a child. He often does some experiments about electricity and heat by himself. One holiday, Joule and his brother traveled to the suburbs. Joule, who is clever and studious, never forgets to do his physics experiments even when he is playing. He found a lame horse, led by his brother, and quietly hid behind him. He used a volt battery to electrify the horse, trying to see how the animals reacted after being stimulated by the current. As a result, the reaction he wanted to see appeared. The horse jumped wildly after being shocked and almost kicked its younger brother. Although the danger has appeared, it has not affected the mood of little Joule who loves to do experiments. He giggled and rowed the boat to the lake surrounded by mountains, where Joule wanted to try the echo. They filled the musket with gunpowder and then pulled the trigger. Who knows "bang", a long flame spouted from the muzzle and burned Joule's eyebrows, almost scaring my brother into the lake. At this time, the sky was covered with thick clouds, lightning and thunder. Joule, who just wanted to go ashore to take shelter from the rain, found that it took a long time to hear the thunder after every lightning. What happened? Joule didn't take shelter from the rain, dragging his brother up a hill and carefully recording the time of lightning and thunder with his pocket watch. After school started, Joule almost wanted to tell the teacher all the experiments he had done and ask for advice from the teacher. The teacher smiled at Joule, who was eager to learn and curious, and patiently explained to him: "The speed and harmony of light are different. The speed of light is fast and the speed of sound is slow, so people always want to see lightning before hearing thunder, but in fact lightning and thunder happen at the same time. " Joule suddenly realized. Since then, he has been more fascinated by learning scientific knowledge. Through continuous study and careful observation and calculation, he finally discovered the mechanical equivalence of heat and the law of conservation of energy, and became an excellent scientist. Edison, a telegraph fan and a newspaper fan, insisted that Edison was a world-famous inventor. He invented 1000 items, such as electric lights, phonographs and film machines. However, when Edison was a child, he only went to school for a few years because his family was poor. At the age of twelve, he went to the train to sell newspapers. If he can't go to school, he will teach himself. He loves learning very much. He sells newspapers while reading them, taking time to study and do experiments. Edison's father is strict with his family at ordinary times. He stipulates that the whole family must turn off the lights and sleep before 1 1 half past one every night. However, when Edison came home from selling newspapers, it was often eleven o'clock in the evening, and when he got home, he had no time to do his favorite experiments. How does he work? This is unbearable for Edison who likes to learn and explore by himself. So he thought about it and finally came up with a good way to get his father to support himself in the experiment. One day, Edison put a wire on the tree with a copper wire, which was directly connected to his good friend's house, leaving the newspaper and a telegraph machine left at his friend's house. When he comes home at night, his father wants to read the newspaper. Edison said today's newspaper was sold out. At first, his father was not very sorry. In order to arouse his father's interest, Edison began to talk about how fresh and interesting the contents of today's newspaper are. It is a pity that he didn't read it. Edison's father listened to him so vividly that he wanted to see it. So he asked Edison if he could find another one. Edison said that his friend Gary had another copy, and he could send out the contents of the newspaper by telegram. At this time, Edison's father was addicted to reading newspapers, so he promised him happily. Edison's father was very happy to see that his son's homemade telegraph really worked. I thought, this child is not simple! Since then, he has never stopped Edison's telegraph experiment at night. Later, Edison worked hard and finally became a great scientist in the world. Hillary: A little girl with leadership ability can talk? Brave and wise? Aggressive People always seem to have different views on Hillary, but you can't deny that she is definitely a world-class female politician. Hillary is not inferior to her husband Clinton. Not only did she get excellent grades from childhood, but she also showed strong leadership and social skills. Hillary was born in a middle-class family in Chicago. At the age of 4, one thing tempered the strong will and determination of little Hillary. At that time, there was an overbearing little girl in the community who always bullied Hillary. Hillary was frightened and complained to her mother in tears. Mother told Hillary that if she was bullied, she must fight back without fear. Little Hillary did it. Since then, Hillary's talented leadership has gradually emerged, and a large group of children have gathered around her. Beckham: Who counted his father's good intentions from "gambling" and how many people Beckham attracted on the court? Whenever the figure of the world's top star appeared on the court, countless screams immediately resounded through the court, and the camera shutter kept flashing. Beckham has been playing football since he was three years old. Although he still "played" the ball more than "practiced" at that time, his father had been painstakingly training him. Naughty, he gradually established his love for football. When he was in elementary school, Beckham and his father even agreed on a regular "gambling game": if Beckham could stand on the edge of the penalty area and shoot without running, he would earn 50p from his father for every kick he made to the post. Beckham, who always wins pocket money, is very happy. It was not until he grew up that he understood his father's good intentions. Carly Fiorina: My mother Carly has benefited me a lot. She is the former female head of HP. Fiorina used to be the most beautiful scenery in male-dominated Silicon Valley. Smart and persistent, Carly has twice topped the list of "the most authoritative female entrepreneurs" in Fortune magazine, attracting the attention of the whole world. Carly was influenced by her mother since she was a child. She learned from her mother that she was strong, knowledgeable and loved life, and she benefited from it all her life. Carly was born in a family of European descent in Texas, USA. My father is a federal court judge and my mother is an artist. In Carly's childhood, her mother has always been her most revered person. Mother loves life and teaches Carly the truth of being a man, so that Carly's potential can be maximized. Carly traveled to many countries with her parents in her childhood, which not only broadened her horizons and cultivated the breadth and depth of her thinking, but also affected her to become a person with courage, courage, self-confidence and love for life. One of Madame Curie's stories: Simple Life 1895 When Madame Curie and pierre curie got married, there were only two chairs in the new house, one for each person. Pierre curie felt that there were too few chairs, so he suggested adding more chairs in case the guests had nowhere to sit. Madame Curie said, "It's good to have a chair, but the guests won't leave once they sit down. In order to have more time to do research, forget it. " Since 19 13, Madame Curie's annual salary has increased to 40,000 francs, but she is still "stingy". Every time she comes back from abroad, she always brings back some party menus, because these menus are very thick and good pieces of paper, which are easy to write on the back. No wonder some people say that Madame Curie was "like a poor woman in a hurry" until her death. Once, an American journalist went to visit Madame Curie. He went to the door of a fisherman's house in the village and asked a woman sitting barefoot on the slate at the door about Madame Curie's residence. The woman looked up and the reporter was surprised: it turned out that she was Madame Curie. Story 2: Indifferent to fame and fortune Madame Curie is famous all over the world, but she seeks neither fame nor profit. She won 10 prize, 16 medal and 107 honorary title all her life, but she didn't care. One day, a friend of hers visited her home and suddenly saw her little daughter playing with the gold medal just awarded to her by the Royal Society, so she was pleasantly surprised and said, "Madame Curie, it is a great honor to receive the medal awarded by the Royal Society. How can you play for her children? " Madame Curie said with a smile: "I want children to know from an early age that honor, like a toy, can only be played, and must not be taken too seriously, otherwise nothing will be achieved." Story 3: "Educate women well" Madame Curie has two daughters. Grasping the age advantage of intellectual development is an important "trick" for Madame Curie to develop children's intelligence. As early as when her daughter was less than one year old, Madame Curie instructed her children to carry out intellectual gymnastics training for children, guided them to get in touch with strangers extensively, went to the zoo to see animals, and let them learn to swim and enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature. When the children are older, she teaches them to do an artistic intellectual gymnastics, sing children's songs and tell fairy tales. When they are older, let them have intellectual training, teach them to read, play the piano, make handicrafts and so on, and teach them to ride bicycles and horses. After Madame Curie and her husband won the Nobel Prize, two generations cultivated by Madame Curie also won the Nobel Prize: the eldest daughter Elena was a nuclear physicist, and her husband Aurio won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for discovering artificial radioactive substances. The second daughter Eve is a musician and biographer. Her husband won the 1956 Nobel Peace Prize as the Director-General of UNICEF. Beethoven's grandfather and father were both court singers. Most of the time, his father is drunk, and he is not very good to his family. He never even asks if his family is well fed and warm. At first, a kind grandfather can save this family from too much suffering; On the other hand, the musical talent of his eldest grandson and seven sons also makes the old man feel extremely gratified. But when Beethoven was only four years old, his grandfather died. Beethoven's father used to drag his children to the piano keyboard and let him practice hard for hours there, slapping him whenever he made a mistake. Neighbors often hear children sobbing to sleep because of fatigue and pain. Soon, Faifr, a poor traveling musician, came to this town and was taken to Beethoven's home. He and old Beethoven used to drink in the pub outside until midnight, and then went home to drag little Ludwig out of bed and start classes, sometimes until dawn. To make him look like a child prodigy, his father lied about his age. When I was eight, I took him out to a concert when I was six. But there are no child prodigies in the world. Despite a lot of efforts, the old Beethoven never turned his son into another young Mozart. Once, in order to get some air and see the scenery outside the window, he deliberately cut off a piece of the window. He is always in trouble with the landlords and always walks around. Whenever he creates a climax, he always throws pots of water on his head to cool down until the water soaks through the downstairs room-we can imagine the feelings of the landlord and other tenants! Sometimes he moves so often that he doesn't even want to worry about putting his legs on the piano, but just sits on the floor and plays the piano. Because he has to sign a lease every time he rents a new house, indicating the lease period, he often pays the rent of four apartments at the same time. This is probably the reason why although he earns a lot of money, he always has no savings! One autumn, Beethoven traveled and performed everywhere and came to a small town on the Rhine. One night, he was walking along a quiet path and heard the intermittent piano sound coming from a small room, playing his music. Beethoven approached the hut, the piano suddenly stopped and someone was talking in the room. A girl said:? How difficult this piece of music is to play! I've only heard others play it several times, but I don't remember how to play it. If only I could listen to how Beethoven played himself! ? A man said:? Yes, but the tickets for the concert are too expensive and we are too poor. ? The girl quickly said:? Dude, don't be sad. I'm just saying. ? Hearing this, Beethoven gently pushed open the door and came in. Candles were lit in the hut, and men were making leather shoes in the dim candlelight. There is an old piano in front of the window, and a girl of sixteen or seventeen is sitting in front of it. Her face is handsome, but she is blind. The shoemaker saw a stranger come in, stood up and asked, who are you looking for, sir? Wrong door, right? ? Beethoven said:? No, I'm here to sing a song for this girl. ? The girl quickly stood up and offered her seat. Beethoven sat in front of the piano and played the tune that the blind girl had just played. The blind girl listened intently. When the music ended, she said excitedly, How skillfully you play! How deep the feelings are! You, you are Mr. Beethoven, right? ? Beethoven didn't answer. He asked the blind girl, Do you like listening? Let me play another song for you. ? A gust of wind blew out the candle. The moonlight shone through the window, and everything in the hut seemed to be covered with silver gauze. Beethoven looked at the poor brothers and sisters standing beside him and pressed the keys in the quiet moonlight. The shoemaker listened quietly, as if facing the sea, and the moon was rising from the place where the water meets the sky. On the microwave-sparkling sea, there is silver everywhere. The moon rose higher and higher, passing through a wisp of gauze-like Wei Yun. 1807, Beethoven lived in the home of Duke Li Xi Novsky. One day, a large group of guests came to the duke's house. They were all French officers sent by Napoleon to occupy Vienna at that time. The duke wanted to invite people to listen to music, so he sent someone to invite Beethoven, but he didn't explain the situation to Beethoven. Beethoven didn't understand and came here with his newly written Sonata of Passion. When I walked into the living room, I saw a group of occupation troops. Beethoven immediately rejected the duke's request. The duke became angry from embarrassment and even ordered Beethoven to play with a straight face. Beethoven was furious at Li Xi Novsky's shameless traitorous behavior. Although it was raining cats and dogs at night, he left angrily and smashed a bust that the duke had given him before. The next day, the duke received such a letter: "Duke! Your position is based on accidental birth. I became Beethoven because of myself. There are many dukes now and there will be many in the future, but I will always have only one Beethoven! " Perhaps the actual situation is more violent than the information contained, but Beethoven's friends managed to cover it up. In Wegler's database, Wegler and Beethoven, a friend of the Brulin family, have a letter1written to Wegler by Reese on February 28th, 837, which mentioned: "If Count Hoops and others are not present, I'm afraid there will be a fight. Beethoven has raised a chair, ready to bash Prince Ricky Novsky head-on, because Beethoven was hiding in the room and bolted the door, but the prince knocked it down. Fortunately, Hopdorf stood among them and quarreled because Beethoven refused to play for several French officers invited to dinner by Ricky Novsky. But Beethoven liked them; He said something to express his gratitude to them, but this gratitude does not authorize anyone to interfere with his freedom. When he really felt that his ears were going deaf, he was almost desperate. Life doesn't seem worth living: what is more unfortunate for a musician than not hearing the sweet voice that he likes to listen to and live by? At first, only a few old friends, such as Dr. Wigler and Stephen von Braeuning, knew about his misfortune. He gave up going to the palace to listen to the cheerful concert he liked very much. He was afraid that people would notice his deafness and thought that an deaf musician could not write a good work. Don't! He remembers all the music he wants to write. "I want to hold my destiny by the throat!" "Maybe it's not as difficult for him to create music when he is deaf as other musicians. In his view, music is not only to arrange various themes or sound patterns with charming voices, but also a language to express the deepest thoughts. 8 1792, Beethoven settled in Vienna with Haydn's encouragement and support. At first, he was a talented young pianist who went in and out of Vienna's aristocratic family and was warmly received and protected by the nobles. He once had illusions about the upper class. But Beethoven lived in a different era from Haydn and Mozart, which gave Beethoven a more mature bourgeois consciousness and personal confidence and self-esteem. So he didn't want to be a slave to the aristocratic family from the beginning, but wanted to have an equal position with the nobility. Later, Beethoven gradually found that his bourgeois ideal was in great contradiction with the feudal society at that time, and 1796 began to face the threat of deafness, which made Beethoven grow rapidly in an ideological mood of dissatisfaction with reality and resistance to personal destiny. After 1797, Beethoven became deaf and his condition deteriorated year by year. For a musician, there is nothing worse than this blow! The devil restricted the composer's communication with the outside world and hindered his piano performance, so he had to give up playing and live in seclusion in the countryside of Vienna for a long time. Starting from 1800, Beethoven naturally gradually got rid of the influence of Haydn and Mozart in his creation, and strived to create his own artistic style and pursue new ideals. His third symphony (Hero Symphony), which was completed in 1803, marked that his creation entered a new stage of development-maturity. His creativity in this period was extremely strong, which showed the working ability of giants and produced many excellent works. The basic ideological logic of Beethoven's mature works-"victory in struggle" was gradually established during this period, forming a new style of heroism and mass symphony. Revolutionary content, dramatic symphony development skills and various major innovations in form have been further developed during this period. Beethoven's most outstanding works were almost all created in his later years when he was deaf. 1815-1819 is a four-year crisis period that Beethoven experienced. At that time, Europe fell into the reactionary feudal restoration period, the bourgeois revolutionary forces were stifled, and darkness enveloped the European continent. Beethoven's thoughts in this period were complicated, and his confidence and firmness were disturbed by disappointment and vacillation. The heroic style of creation changes to lyrical style; There are not many works, and most of the time is spent collecting, excavating and adapting the folk songs of European countries. This fully shows that the * * * pacifists in the rising period of the bourgeoisie have their historical limitations. However, Beethoven finally struggled out of silence and survived the crisis. From 18 19, Beethoven paid attention to the struggle against feudalism. At this time, his five piano sonatas, five string quartets and even his greatest ninth symphony (chorus symphony) are of far-reaching significance. However, Beethoven's last years were the most miserable and painful years in his life. The threat of loneliness and poverty made him poor and lonely, and he died in Vienna on March 26th, 1827. It is said that at the last moment of Beethoven's life, it rained heavily and thunder rumbled. He raised his withered arm and made a final hard blow to the sky. This spirit of endless fighting is all concentrated in his immortal masterpiece. Beethoven is one of the greatest creators in human art. On the one hand, he has outstanding musical talent, fiery rebellious temperament and giant strong personality. On the other hand, his indomitable will and lofty thoughts derived from social responsibility form his special qualities as a musician. Through his own creation, especially in his nine symphonies, he reflected the great people's movement and the most progressive ideas of that era. He wrote a series of symphonies with the theme of times and personal destiny, combining profound philosophy with touching artistic images, showing the spiritual course from struggle to victory, from darkness to light, from suffering to happiness in the rising period of the bourgeoisie. His nine symphonies are always shining like pearls. Through the research and analysis of Beethoven's nine symphonies, especially four of them (namely, the third, fifth, sixth and ninth symphonies), we can not only understand the basic characteristics of Beethoven's overall creation and his great and pure thoughts, but also understand the major innovations in symphony creation and see how symphonies have transitioned from Haydn and Mozart to a new development period represented by Schubert and Mendelssohn. As early as when Beethoven was alive, he was recognized as a musician of world significance. He is a great classical composer and a pioneer of romanticism.