After more than two months, the Soviet army assembled more than 80,000 troops through trans-siberian railway, and there was no problem in logistics supply. At the same time, the negotiations with the Soviet Union broke down completely. /kloc-in September, 2008, the Soviet government announced to ambassadors that the Soviet side had always advocated a peaceful solution to the railway problem in the Middle East, while China was hypocritical and insincere. I think there is no hope for future negotiations. All previous negotiations were suspended under the mediation of Germany. Since then, the Soviet Union has never taken responsibility for all the ominous events caused by the Sino-Russian border, and decided to launch a fatal blow to the Northeast Army to urge the Northeast authorities to return to the negotiating table.

The Northeast Army also understood this, so on 10/0/4, the office of the commander-in-chief of the Northeast Border Guard drafted the Regulations on the Organization of the National Volunteers. It is said that "when you are at the border with Hongqiang, resistance is the first thing. All citizens or groups have volunteers who died for their country and voted for them." According to the regulations, nominally individuals are designated as national volunteers, and those belonging to groups are designated as national volunteers.

6543810.2, more than 1,000 Soviet infantrymen attacked the 3rd Battalion of the 38th Regiment in Manzhouli, and the two sides fought fiercely. Then, under the cover of planes and artillery, they continued to attack Manzhouli station, and the two sides fought until the morning of the 3 rd.

June 10,10,30,000 Soviet troops marched from Lake Baikal to the northeast border of China. At this time, the Liang Zhongjia brigade in charge of defense has been confronting the Soviet army for dozens of days, and the backup has not been continued, and it is in urgent need of help.

10 On June 5438+02, the famous battle of Fujin in Sanjiangkou, also known as Tongjiang, broke out. At 5 o'clock in the morning, the Soviet army dispatched 25 planes, warships 10 and more than 40 gunboats, and then sent more than 800 cavalry and 3,000 infantry to attack China's army in Tongjiang. By 3 pm, Tongjiang county fell. In this battle, China navy and Jiang Fang army were completely annihilated.

The detailed story is that on the morning of 12, in the amur river Fleet of the Soviet Navy in Tongjiang (also said to be the Soviet Far East Fleet, but according to Soviet intelligence, it should be the amur river Fleet), Galke led nine ships headed by the flagship chernov (five warships, three of which were over 950 tons, and four armed ships, including four doors 152 mm and/kloc-). The Northeast Fleet was commanded by several local captains Yin, and six shallow-water gunboats including Li Jie (flagship), Lisui, Jiangping, Jiang 'an and Jiang Tai participated in the war, and another armed barge named Dongyi. (Except for the 550-ton Jiang Heng and the 360-ton Li Ji, the rest are all below 200 tons, and the whole fleet has only five guns120mm ...)

Due to Shen Honglie's foresight, the Northeast Navy hid a tugboat Dongb in the swamp in advance, placed two 120mm cannons on board, and measured the distance in detail. 10 12 at 5: 30 in the morning, the war broke out in Dongbu, and the Soviet Union fired a gun to attack the Soviet flagship. However, the Soviet Union did not expect China to have this move and was immediately hit by the command bridge. According to the Chinese side, many Soviet commanders, chief of staff, flagship captains and others were killed on the spot in the shelling, but this was not confirmed by Soviet data, and the chernov sank soon. Three other Soviet ships were also seriously injured by Dongbu.

But at nine o'clock, Soviet planes joined the battlefield, and the situation changed immediately. Five ships including Jiangping, Jiang 'an, Jiang Tai, Li Jie and Dongyi were sunk, and Li Sui was seriously injured and fled back to Fujin. Later, Soviet planes and ships concentrated fire to cover more than 400 infantry landing in the Sanjiangkou area and launched an impact on the positions of the Northeast Army. The first brigade of the Northeast Marine Corps stationed here cooperated with a battalion of the Army to resist and repel the first Soviet attack. The Soviets mobilized nearly 3,000 reinforcements, detoured to the downstream of 10 mile, and launched an attack on the defenders' flank. After hand-to-hand combat, most of the defenders died and their positions were occupied by Soviet troops. Jiang Fang's Northeast Fleet suffered more than 300 casualties, and almost all ships were lost. Captain Mo Yao Ming of Jiang Tai was also killed. Zhang XX and officers below the XX regiment 17 were killed, and more than 500 soldiers were killed or injured (according to figures released by the Northeast Army afterwards, the total number of casualties was more than 700). According to the figures released by the Chinese side, two Soviet planes were shot down (1, according to the data), three warships were sunk, several ships were injured, and more than 700 people were killed or injured (this is the most doubtful figure, because the number of casualties is actually the same as that of the Chinese side in the overall initiative, but because there is no information released by the Soviet Union, it shall prevail for the time being, and another Chinese data says that the Soviet navy has more than 70 casualties, which is more credible). At two o'clock in the afternoon, Soviet troops invaded Tongjiang and retreated the next day. On June 5438+09, the Soviet troops retreated. The Battle of Sanjiangkou was small in scale, but the only naval battle between China and the Soviet Union, with complete weapons, ships, organic and land warfare, formed a three-dimensional air and land battle.

13, at 3: 00 pm, more than 200 Soviet cavalry with 6 guns crossed the border by boat and attacked Kudobokulun in Jiaxian County. Card officer because of weak strength, without a fight.

10 On June 5438+05, the Soviet personnel arrested by the Soviet Consulate in Harbin were sentenced by the Eastern District Court. In June, 5438+09, the authorities of the Eastern Special Zone supervised the Far East Bank of the Soviet Union, which was composed of the City Council, the General Chamber of Commerce and the Banking Association. On June 2 1, Nanjing Foreign Ministry issued an order to Ambassador Jiang to Germany.

10 year 10 26th, 100 More than Soviet troops captured Qigan County, and Heihe Electric Company was bombed on the same day.

10 year 10 on October 30th, Soviet troops occupied Tongjiang again. At 9: 00 a.m. on March 3 1 Day, seven Soviet warships suddenly broke through the river barrier and entered the Fujin River, where they fought fiercely with the China army and a few cavalry landed. China's Lisui and Lichuan ships sank one after another. Only Jiang Heng took part in the war, but it sank after only three rounds of gunfire (there was an hour of fierce fighting with the Soviet Union, which was untrue), and the crew scrambled to escape. This is the battle of Fujin. At 7 o'clock in the afternoon, Suchuan 2 1 set sail from Songhua River, and a cavalry unit landed from Rabbit Source and gradually advanced towards Fujin. At nine o'clock sharp, seven Soviet ships approached the Fujin River, and about six or seven hundred feet of artillery fell to the ground. The Northeast Army collapsed without fighting, and Fujin County was occupied 1 1. China's army retreated to Huachuan. The Soviet army burned the military and civilian organs separately, and all the communication organs were destroyed. Give "all the flour" such as Jinchang Homer to the poor and "take all the mechanical bombs and arms". 1 65438+1October1Sunday night, Soviet infantry artillery withdrew from the east gate. On the morning of the 2nd, Soviet ships were evacuated one after another.

After that, the Soviet army launched continuous attacks, and the Harbin Martial Law Command was established on June 165438+ 10/day, and martial law was declared on June 1 5. 1 1 month 17 at 7 o'clock in the morning, the Soviet army began a large-scale attack on Manzhouli and ZaBenor with more than 40,000 troops (according to Soviet data, the Soviet army only had 7,632 people face to face, but it was superior in technical weapons), with 300 or 400 cannons, more than 40 tanks and 30 planes. First, bombs were dropped in Manchuria, and the Kuomintang garrison headquarters, the tram house, the 38th regiment building and the gendarmerie station were all destroyed. The radio station was also damaged in the earthquake, when the director of Manzhouli Epidemic Prevention Hospital was killed. According to the Kuomintang army, "the enemy is fierce and bullets are like rain." On that day, ZhaBenor Station 10 was occupied by the Soviet Union, and the coal mine of Chahan Aola Guangxin Company was also occupied by the Soviet Union at 4 am. The mining area was burnt to cinder, and the stored coal was set on fire. Sun, the manager of the coal mine, was arrested and released soon.

18 pm 1 point, Zha Benor coal mine was also occupied by the Soviet Union. The Kuomintang was killed by Brigadier Zhang, and more than half of the officers and men in the brigade were captured 1000. Li, director of the Hulunbeier League Fishery and Taxation Bureau, was shot dead in Zabunol Coal Mine. At the same time, the situation in Manzhouli Station became more and more serious, and the Soviet troops who attacked Benor also moved to Manzhouli. The attack launched by the Soviet army was very fierce. At that time, the air was filled with smoke and shells everywhere. At that time, many houses were bombed, and the Japanese hotel next to the Japanese consulate was also bombed. The two sides fought fiercely for two days and nights, and the Kuomintang army suffered from poor diet and excessive fatigue. The Soviet army violently attacked Nanshantou of Manzhouli Station with the victorious army. The Kuomintang army was on the verge of crisis, and Brigadier General Liang Zhongjia personally led the officers and men of the whole brigade to fully resist, and the Soviet army made slow progress. At this time, Zabennur's side has completely lost, the Kuomintang army has lost foreign aid, and the war is not conducive to the Kuomintang army. 19, there were almost no soldiers in Nanshan head, where the Kuomintang military command was located. Soviet planes dropped bombs at close range. The closer the Vietnam War is, the more hand-to-hand combat will be realized.

The battle in front of the Kuomintang army headquarters was the fiercest, but because of being outnumbered, the Kuomintang army suffered heavy casualties and no reinforcements, and it was gradually exhausted. The confrontation between the two sides reached 3 am on the 24th, and the Kuomintang troops ran out of ammunition and food, which was unsustainable. I had to attack in the direction of Zaben Nur violently, and I tried to break through the encirclement of the Soviet Union. Retreat around Big Ben Lake for reinforcements. But in the end, it was not allowed to break through and was blocked by the Soviet Union. The Kuomintang army broke through the center and was attacked by the Soviet army on both sides, but it had no choice but to return to the whole station. Then Soviet artillery bombarded the urban area violently. At that time, the city was in chaos, some unemployed hooligans took the opportunity to rob the people's wealth, and some shops and houses were blown up and burned. At this point, the Kuomintang army still intends to guard the four gates and attack the city slightly. After that, the political, police, gentry and business circles at that time came together to negotiate; I think the situation is very dangerous. The Kuomintang troops have run out of ammunition, and reinforcements won't arrive for a while.

The Soviet attack became more and more fierce. If we extend the time a little longer, many lives will be sacrificed. On the other hand, considering that many Japanese people lived in the city at that time, their lives and property could not be protected. According to this situation, he asked Liang Zhongjia, the head of the Kuomintang garrison, to consider the life and property safety of the Manchu people. On the other hand, he recommended that Bengbu County make Qi go to Balimu in the east of Manchuria. At that time, Zhao, director of the municipal government office, went to Station 86. Under the onslaught of Soviet artillery, he negotiated a truce with Soviet commanders. At that time, the Soviet commander-in-chief Rosowski demanded that all Kuomintang troops be disarmed. At the same time, the Kuomintang army demanded that the Soviet troops should strictly observe discipline when entering the urban area, save the lives of the disarmed officers and men, and demand preferential treatment. The Soviets all agreed to these conditions. There will be a truce soon, so that the Kuomintang troops will be ineffective for three days and the Soviet troops will enter the city. The Kuomintang army was disarmed, about 7,000 officers and men were captured, and more than 600 people were slightly injured. On 24th, Liang Zhongjia, chief of staff Li, Zhang and heads of delegations were all sent to the Soviet Union: the deputy guard was killed and the rest of the officers and men were killed or injured by more than 2,000 people.

Soviet troops entered Manzhouli on the morning of 1 1 20/month, and immediately set up a general command and a garrison command, and set up a political visiting bureau at Manzhouli station, with the director as a member of Gobi Wu. The Soviet army first gave workers and farmers flour and coins to make a living. Then, the materials taken away by the people during the war were collected together, and notices were posted for the owner to claim. When distributing the materials, photos were taken as publicity materials. The political visiting bureau set up by the Soviet Union specifically searched for white people who fled to Manchuria and those who opposed the Soviet government. At that time, Gora Schouw, principal of Manzhouli Russian Overseas Chinese Fund Middle School, Guoluokuuf, chairman of the real estate owner, Izz Walhus, a church priest, and about 200 Chinese and Russian workers from ZaBenor Mine were arrested and sent to the Soviet Union. At the same time, a search was conducted among the staff of various organs, and more than 90 police chiefs and officers were arrested. More than 50 road policemen and patrol officers were also arrested and escorted to the Soviet Union. The urban area has implemented very strict order management and promulgated military control regulations, so pedestrians on the street can't pass until 10 at night. A few days after the Soviet occupation, some shops opened, and Rubu and China's silver coins were used at the same time. Churches also began to worship, individual schools resumed classes, and several cinemas were opened, which specially showed some films promoting the social system of the Soviet Union. At this point, the front line of the Northeast Army completely collapsed. 1October 23rd, 1 12 Soviet planes bombed Hailar. Hulun Public Security Bureau retreated from Hailar to Boketu Station. On the 24th, the Soviets captured Hailar. "1 65438+1October 17 in the early morning, the ninth brigade of the Soviet Pacific1division's troops and cavalry marched into Mishan, 40 kilometers away from the border. With the support of aviation, the cavalry brigade wiped out many China troops and reached the enemy rear of Mishan at night. The infantry who arrived in time defeated the first division of the Fengtian cavalry and several regiments of the White Guards. The loss of the enemy alone killed nearly 1500 people. Soviet troops occupied the enemy headquarters and seized seven flags and a large number of weapons.

In the post-Baikal region, the strength of China is nearly 1.6 million. But our army has only 7632 soldiers. Blake decided to take the strategy of divide and rule against the enemy. 165438+1October 17 At 3 o'clock in the morning, the 5th Brigade of Cuban Cavalry set out from Abagaitui Town, followed by the 35th Infantry Division, crossed the river ice surface and advanced to the rear of ZhaBenor Cluster along the east bank of Ergon. At noon, cut off the railway at the east10-12km, and attack ZaBenor from the rear. Cut off the enemy's retreat from Manchuria. In order to avoid being surrounded, a battalion of China army launched a surprise attack on the flank of the cavalry brigade. The red cavalry defeated the enemy with a fierce charge. The next day, with the support of the 8th Infantry Regiment, the cavalry attacked ZaBenor again. The battle in ZaBenor lasted two days and two nights. Although the enemy was completely surrounded and their technology was not as good as ours, they still resisted as never before. They built fortifications so strong that neither field guns nor howitzers could blow up the cover plates of trenches and bunkers. After two days and nights of fighting, the Soviet army finally broke through the stubborn resistance of the enemy and rushed into and occupied the city.

At the same time, other troops of our army surrounded the China army in Manchuria. Give them an ultimatum of unconditional surrender. The enemy was determined to defend, and the infantry 1 brigade, the 3rd cavalry brigade and an artillery battalion were reinforced from Ganggang to ZaBenor. Brock ordered an immediate attack. 165438+1The fighting became more and more fierce in the early morning of October 20th. The enemy tried desperately to break through. They tried to break through the position of Buryat Mongolian cavalry battalion. Khan said that he opened fire from Tachangka (a Soviet-style carriage on which the Soviets often set up heavy machine guns as mobile firepower) on the skirmisher line of attacking China soldiers. This is just an attractive attack by the enemy, and the main force of the enemy is trying to break through to the south. The artillery and armored trains of the post-Baikal cluster all participated in the war, and the aviation continued to bomb from the air. Due to heavy casualties, the China army had to retreat to the city and then surrender. Only a few remnants of the enemy escaped into the depths of the mountain.

The enemy 15 and 17 brigades were wiped out. Battle result: More than 8,000 people were captured and nearly 1 1,000 people were injured. The captured personnel include General Liang Zhongjia, commander of the Northwest Front Line (West Road Guard), his headquarters staff and nearly 250 officers. The enemy was killed by 1500 people. We seized all the enemy's artillery, two armored trains and a lot of materials and weapons and equipment.

Our army hopes not to continue the bloody battle, and calls on the officers and men of the enemy infantry 1 brigade and the cavalry 3 brigade to lay down their weapons and surrender. However, this peace proposal was rejected again. Soviet troops were forced to continue their attack. June 23rd 165438+ occupied Benxi Steel Station. Four days later, Hailar city was occupied. "

According to Soviet information, in this battle, Soviet soldiers died 143, 4 were missing and 665 were injured. In his memoirs, Cui Kefu believed that the Soviets had captured Zhang Xueliang. In fact, Zhang Xueliang stayed in Shenyang during the campaign of Zhongdong Road, and Cui Kefu took Liang Zhongjia as Zhang Xueliang.