At present, the investment and financial management methods suitable for high-net-worth families are increasingly diversified: overseas investment, private equity, equity funds, creditor's rights, Internet P2P financial management, real estate investment and so on. Which methods should be the most important asset allocation? How to do a good job in overall planning? The following is my understanding of how high-net-worth families do a good job in financial planning. Welcome to reading.

1, set financial goals

Financial goals are divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term. Short-term goals generally refer to less than 5 years, medium-term goals refer to 5-20 years, and long-term goals refer to more than 20 years. Short-term goals generally include buying a car, improving housing, and recent travel expenses. The typical representative of the medium-term goal is children's education, and the typical representative of the long-term goal is retirement plan.

2. Analyze the current situation of family finance.

It is divided into two parts: one is your future income and expenditure, and the other is your current assets and liabilities. Generally speaking, family assets include current assets (cash, demand deposits, etc.). ), investment assets (stocks, bonds, funds, etc. ) and useful assets (cars, houses, etc.). ). Household liabilities include short-term liabilities such as daily bills and long-term liabilities such as house purchase loans and car purchase loans. By analyzing the financial situation, you need to get two data:

1) Your expected income and expenditure in the future, the balance or shortage of income and expenditure;

2) Assets that you can invest in at present.

Combining the analysis of the previous two parts, you need to roughly calculate what kind of rate of return you need in order to achieve your set goals.

3. Determine the overall risk tolerance of the family.

At present, all major banks have risk tolerance tests for wealth management customers, which can be tested or evaluated through online search evaluation forms. Understand your risk preference and risk tolerance, so as to choose the appropriate investment and financial management methods. Risk tolerance is divided into the following levels:

Low risk tolerance, conservative and low risk.

Low risk tolerance, cautious low risk, medium and low risk

Risk tolerance is generally stable, low risk, medium risk and medium risk.

High risk tolerance, positive low risk, medium low risk, medium risk, medium high risk.

High risk tolerance: radical low risk, medium low risk, medium risk, medium high risk and high risk.

Moreover, some investment and financial management methods also have the calibration of risk level, so if you know the family's risk tolerance, you can reasonably choose the right investment and financial management products.

4. Determine the allocation scheme of household assets investment.

Consider three factors: 1) liquidity, 2) cash inflow during the holding period, and 3) risks and benefits.

1) liquidity. The so-called liquidity means that during the investment period of funds, the benefits brought by cash withdrawal will fluctuate. The smaller the fluctuation of current income, the stronger the liquidity. The liquidity of the main investment products from high to low is: demand deposit -P2P financing-money fund-short-term bond-balanced fund-large-cap fund, index fund-growth funds with more radical style.

2) Cash inflow during the holding period. Most bonds will receive annual, semi-annual or quarterly interest during the holding period, and some stocks will also receive dividends during the holding period (there are not many domestic dividend-paying stocks), and P2P financing also pays interest on a monthly basis. The cash inflow during the holding period is an important part of achieving the target expenditure.

3) Risks and benefits. For high-net-worth individuals or families, the ability to achieve short-term and medium-term goals is more than enough as long as the corresponding liquid asset varieties are rationally allocated. The consideration of risks and benefits has obvious influence on the realization of long-term goals.

According to the law of mature markets in developed countries, short-term targets mainly match some investment products with strong liquidity, such as money funds, national bonds and corporate bonds with short maturities. Some other P2P financial products can be configured in China, with a fixed annualized income of about 10% and a fixed term of one to three months, which can be redeemed in advance. Medium-term targets mainly match medium-term bonds, large-cap blue-chip stocks, balanced funds, index funds and other investment products with moderate risk and return, while long-term targets mainly match index funds, growth funds and other types of funds.

In practice, you can make adjustments according to the above three considerations: liquidity, cash inflow during holding period, risks and benefits, and common allocation strategies in mature markets, and determine your own asset allocation plan in combination with your own situation.

5. Select and purchase investment varieties.

For long-term investment, the choice of specific products and investment time is not very important. In order to reduce the choice of extreme products and enter the market at extreme time, it is suggested to adopt the principle of diversified investment, diversify investment in variety selection and time selection, reduce the allocation of stocks that rise too fast, and slow down the speed of opening positions during the rapid rise of the market.

For short-term and medium-term asset allocation, since the low-risk category has been identified as the allocation object when selecting the asset category, it is recommended that you avoid overheated and supercooled products.

The above is just a simple method. Everyone can choose the most suitable method according to their own knowledge structure and professional support. But this simple method can also be directly operated. According to the principle of market efficiency, the final income of products selected by simple methods is almost the same as that of carefully selected products.

6, according to the strategy of regular inspection and adjustment.

In the later inspection, the following aspects were mainly observed:

1) Has the financial objective changed?

2) Has the market trend changed?

3) Whether the investment income meets the expected requirements.

4) Are there any new changes in the products originally invested?

5) Are there any new substitute products worth choosing?

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