Metals are usually used as active materials for negative electrodes of batteries. Recently, redox active organic molecules, such as quinones and amino molecules, have been used as negative electrodes of rechargeable metal-air batteries with oxygen reduction positive electrodes, in which protons and hydroxyl ions participate in redox reactions. This kind of battery shows ultra-high performance and can be close to the theoretical maximum capacity.

In addition, the use of redox active organic molecules in rechargeable air batteries overcomes the problems related to metals, including the formation of "dendrites", which will not only affect the battery performance, but also have a negative impact on the environment. But these batteries use liquid electrolyte (just like metal batteries), which will bring great safety problems, such as high resistance, leaching effect, flammability and so on.

According to foreign media reports, researchers led by Professor Kenji Miyatake of Waseda University and Yamanashi University in Japan have developed an all-solid rechargeable air battery (SSAB) and studied its capacity and durability.