Chu Zhuangwang's farewell ceremony:

An example of tolerance:

During the Spring and Autumn Period, when Qi lost its monarch, ministers nervously began to plan for a new monarch. Zhengqing of the State of Qi was very close to Xiaobai, the son of Qi, and secretly sent someone to Juguo to call Xiaobai back to China and acceded to the throne. At the same time, some people want to take the older Gong Zijiu back to China as the monarch, and Lu is also preparing to escort Gong Zijiu back to Qi, and send Guan Zhong to lead troops to intercept Xiaobai returning home on the way. When the two sides met, Xiao Bai was hit by an arrow from Guan Zhong and almost died. In order to confuse each other, Xiao Bai pretended to be shot by an arrow and died. He took a light car and drove to Qidu day and night. Gong Zijiu and LuJun thought that Xiaobai was dead, and they were sure to win, so they slowed down the pace of returning to Qi and arrived six days later. At this time, Xiao Bai had already been established as Qi Jun, and when he sent his troops to do it (this mountain led to the west), he defeated the Lu army. Xiaobai ascended the throne of the monarch of Qi, and he is the famous Qi Huangong in history.

Qi Huangong, as a monarch, always wanted to kill Guan Zhong. When he sent his troops to attack Lu, Bao Shuya said to Huan Gong, "If you want to manage the state of Qi well, it is enough for you to have a high waiting and me;" If you want to dominate, you must have control! " Huan Gong was magnanimous, gave up the past, immediately accepted Bao Shuya's opinion, and sent him to meet Guan Zhong in person, treated him with courtesy and entrusted him with an important task. After getting Guan Zhong, Huan Gong was like a duck to water, adding wings to the tiger and finding someone to help him revitalize Qi. With the strong support of Huan Gong, Guan Zhong made drastic reforms.

in politics, the system of "taking part in other countries while rejecting them" has been implemented. Let the people live in peace, keep their jobs, and do not move into exile at will, so as to develop social production and consolidate rule.

In the military field, the measure of "sending military orders for internal affairs" has been implemented. Expanded the source of troops and improved the combat effectiveness.

On the economic front, measures have been taken to increase national tax revenue. It laid a material foundation for Qi to dominate the princes.

The State of Qi soon became rich and powerful, and played a major role in the political arena in the Spring and Autumn Period, which was full of governors.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Ba was always opposed to Liu Bei. Cao Cao led troops to attack Liu Bei. Everyone followed Liu Bei south, but Liu Ba surrendered to Cao Cao north. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Ba was trapped in Jingzhou. Zhuge Liang wrote to persuade him to submit to Liu Bei, but Liu Ba still refused and surrendered to Liu Zhang. Liu Bei and his generals hated Liu Ba very much. But when Liu Zhang was about to break the city, Liu Bei gave an order: "Whoever wants to kill Liu Ba, I will punish his nine families." Because Liu Bei knew that Liu Ba was a rare talent, then Liu Ba really made Liu Bei's order of ministers.

When Wei Zhi was an official of Prince Li Jiancheng in the Tang Dynasty, he repeatedly advised Li Jiancheng to kill Li Shimin. However, after the Xuanwumen Rebellion, Li Shimin not only did not kill him, but also gave Wei Zhi a high official position and relied heavily on Wei Zhi. Finally, the prosperity and development in the early Tang dynasty were realized, and the prosperity of Zhenguan appeared.

Zhong Er, Jin Wengong, had his property stolen by his leader when he fled. The ministers who had not fled with him before he ascended the throne were worried about punishment and might make trouble at any time. At this time, Zhong Er pardoned the leader and made him an official, which finally stabilized the situation at that time.

There are others. When Meng Changjun of Qi suffered, many guests left one after another. Meng Changjun took a grudge and wrote down the list of these people. Later, Meng Changjun returned to Qi, and all the guests came back. Meng Changjun accepted his advice and destroyed the list, without taking any revenge on the guests.

In Chu Zhuangwang, after winning the battle, Chu Zhuang and the generals drank wine to celebrate, and ordered his concubine to pour wine for the generals. Suddenly, the candle was blown out by the wind, and the darkness was in chaos. Someone took the opportunity to hold the hand of the concubine of Chu, but the feather tassel on his helmet was caught by the concubine of Chu. When Chu Zhuangwang learned about this, he quickly ordered not to light the lamp first, and all the people drank it. Later, the soldier who was tolerated by Chu Zhuangwang served Chu Zhuangwang's tolerance for Chu Zhuang at a critical moment.

An example of intolerance:

In Zhou Xuanwang, there was a nursery rhyme, "I am tired of the arc, and I will die in a few weeks." Zuo Ru, the next doctor, has found out the woman who sold the mulberry bow, and has also put the woman to death and abandoned the market, but Zhou Xuanwang's heart is still always worried that the dynasty will still perish in the hands of something. He remembered the woman who had made the doctor Du Bo search for the mulberry bow and the straw quiver a few years ago, but there was no news for a long time, so he brought it up in the morning court. Zhou Xuanwang solemnity said: "Du Bo! I remember ordering you a few years ago to find out the demon girl who hates arcs and dustpans. Why haven't you reported for a long time? "

Dr. Du Bo is an official with a military background. He has a straightforward personality in honest and frank, and his speech is even more straightforward. "Since the woman who sold the mountain mulberry bow fell, I thought that the nursery rhymes had been fulfilled and the evil spirits had been eliminated, so I stopped going to disturb the people."

Zhou Xuanwang was furious when he heard this, and said loudly, "Disturbing people? So you mean my orders have disturbed the people, right? It's obviously against your duty to neglect the king's orders like this. I'll behead you today, and I won't be wronged! "

When Du Bo heard King Xuan talking like this, he thought he would die, so he couldn't help shouting, "Is it disturbing the people? Everyone can see it clearly. The sage has words, and it's ominous to kill an innocent person. That nursery rhyme is a common rumor, which makes me laugh at the inexplicably full of civil servants, and regards it as a fairy quip, which makes my king kill the innocent mountain woman. I don't want to make trouble again, just don't want to hurt innocent people again! "

At this time, someone clear voice said, "Du Bo's words are rude, but his crime is not fatal!"

Ministers turned their heads and saw that the man was Du Bo's close friend-Zuo Ru, a doctor.

As a result, Zhou Xuanwang killed Du Bo by mistake and Zuo Ru by anger, and Du Bo finally killed him a few years later.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, the forefinger of Song, the son of Zheng State, jumped. He told Gui Sheng that he would eat good food. Sure enough, Zheng Linggong cooked a large number of giant salamanders for all the ministers, and Gui Sheng told Zheng Linggong about it. Zheng Linggong said that it was not my decision whether it was fulfilled or not. As a result, he deliberately didn't give it to Song, and Song became angry and put the meat in front of Zheng Linggong. He joked: Isn't it still fulfilled? It was Zheng Linggong who did something wrong. If he was tolerant at this time, he would be fine. As a result, he was furious and threatened to kill Childe Song. As a result, Childe Song was forced to kill Zheng Linggong first.

. Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin

The king of Qin attached great importance to Wei Liao, bent on unifying the Central Plains and constantly attacking other countries. He broke up the alliance between Yan and Zhao, and made Yan lose several cities.

Taizi Dan of the Yan State originally stayed in the Qin State as a hostage. When he saw that the Qin government was determined to annex other countries and took away the land of the Yan State, he secretly fled back to the Yan State. He hated the State of Qin and was bent on revenge for the State of Yan. But he didn't practice military forces, and he didn't intend to contact the vassals to fight against Qin, but he pinned the fate of Yan on the assassin. He took out all his possessions and looked for someone who could stab the king of Qin.

Later, Prince Taizi Dan found a very capable warrior named Jing Ke. He put Jing Ke under the door as a guest of honor, gave Jing Ke his chariots and horses, and let Jing Ke enjoy his meals and clothes together. Jing Ke certainly appreciated Taizi Dan.

in 23 BC, the state of Qin destroyed Korea; Two years later, Wang jiān, a general of the State of Qin, occupied Handan, the capital of Zhao, and marched northward, approaching the State of Yan.

Yan Taizi Dan was very anxious and went to Jing Ke. Prince Taizi Dan said: "Taking troops to deal with the State of Qin is like taking eggs to throw stones; It seems impossible to unite all countries to fight against Qin. I want to send a warrior, dressed as an emissary, to see the king of Qin, get close to him and force him to return the land of the vassal. If the king of Qin promised the best, if he didn't, he would be stabbed to death. What do you think? "

Jing Ke said, "Yes, yes, but if we want to get close to the king of Qin, we must first convince him that we are going to make peace with him. It is said that the King of Qin had long wanted the most fertile land in Yan State (in Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). Fan Yuqi, the general of Qin, is now in exile in Yan, and the king of Qin is offering a reward for him. If I can take General Fan's head and Du Kang's map to the King of Qin, he will certainly meet me. So I can deal with him. "

Taizi Dan was embarrassed and said, "Dukang's map is easy to handle; General Fan was persecuted by the State of Qin and came to me. How could I have the heart to hurt him? "

Jing Ke knew that Prince Taizi Dan couldn't bear it, so he went to Fan Yuqi privately and said to Fan Yuqi, "I have an idea, which can help Yan relieve the evil and avenge the general, but I just can't say it."

Fan Yuqi said at once, "Tell me what you think!"

Jing Ke said, "I decided to assassinate the king of Qin, fearing that I would never meet him. Now the king of Qin is offering a reward for you. If I can bring your head to him, he will certainly meet me. "

Fan Yuqi said, "OK, you can have it!" With that, he pulled out his sword and committed suicide.

Taizi Dan prepared a sharp dagger in advance, and asked craftsmen to cook it with poison. Anyone who is stabbed with a drop of blood by this dagger will die immediately. He gave this dagger to Jing Ke as a weapon to assassinate, and sent a 13-year-old warrior, Qin Wuyang, as Jing Ke's deputy.

in 227 BC, Jing Ke set out from Yan state to Xianyang. Prince Taizi Dan and a few guests put on white hats and went to Yishui (now Yixian County, Hebei Province) to bid farewell. When he left, Jing Ke sang a song for everyone:

"The wind is rustling and the water is cold,

A strong man is gone and never comes back."

after listening to his solemn and stirring singing, everyone was so sad that they shed tears. Jing Ke took Qin Wuyang and jumped on the bus, leaving without looking back.

Jing Ke arrived in Xianyang. On hearing that Yan sent messengers to send Fan Yuqi's head and Dukang's map, Qin Wang was very happy and ordered to meet Jing Ke in Xianyang Palace.

the ceremony of meeting with the audience begins. Jing Ke holding a box with Fan Yuqi's head, Qin Wuyang holding a map of Dukang, step by step on the steps of Qin Dynasty.

when Qin Wuyang saw the majestic appearance of the state of Qin, he couldn't help shaking with fear.

When the guards around King Zheng of Qin saw it, they shouted and said, "Why did the emissary change his face?"

When Jing Ke looked back, he saw that Qin Wuyang's face was blue and white. He said to the king of Qin with a smile, "A rude man has never seen the majesty of the king, so he is afraid. Please forgive him."

After all, Wang Zheng of Qin was a little skeptical and said to Jing Ke, "Tell Qin Wuyang to give you the map, and you can come up alone."

Jing Ke took the map from Qin Wuyang and went up with a wooden box, which was dedicated to the king of Qin. Qin Wangzheng opened the affairs box, and it was Fan Yuqi's head. Qin Wangzheng also asked Jing Ke to bring the map. Jing Ke slowly opened a roll of maps, and when all the maps were opened, a dagger that Jing Ke had rolled in the map in advance was exposed.

when Wang Zheng of Qin saw it, he jumped up in shock.

Jing Ke quickly grabbed the dagger, grabbed Qin Wangzheng's sleeve with his left hand, and plunged the dagger into Qin Wangzheng's chest with his right hand.

Wang Zheng of Qin turned back hard and broke the sleeve. He jumped over the screen next to him and was about to run out. Jing Ke caught up with a dagger, and when Qin Wangzheng saw that he couldn't run, he ran around the big copper pillar in the hall. Jing Ke pressed hard.

the two of them wandered around like merry-go-round.

Although there are many officials nearby, they are all unarmed; According to the rules of the state of Qin, the samurai under the steps are not allowed to go to the temple without the order of the king of Qin. Everyone was so anxious that no one called the samurai under the stage.

One of the officials, a doctor who served Qin Wangzheng, used his quick wits, took the medicine bag in his hand and threw it at Jing Ke. Jing Ke raised his hand, and the medicine bag flew to one side.

In the blink of an eye, the King of Qin stepped forward, drew his sword and cut off Jing Ke's left leg.

Jing Ke couldn't stand and fell to the ground. He took a dagger and threw it at the king of Qin. Qin Wangzheng only flashed to the right, and the dagger flew past his ear, hitting the copper pillar, and with a bang, it burst into Mars.

Jing Ke, the king of Qin, had no weapons in his hand, so he went forward and cut several swords at Jing Ke. Jing Ke was wounded by eight swords. Knowing that he had failed, he said with a wry smile, "I didn't start early. I originally wanted to force you to return the land of Yan."

By this time, the servants' warriors had rushed to the temple together, which ended Jing Ke's life. The Qin Wuyang under the steps, also have been killed by the warriors.

The reason why Qu Yuan threw himself into the river

The original name (34-278 BC, the year of birth and death is still controversial, about 353-335 BC, and died 283-269 BC) was Qu Shi, whose name was Ping, and the original word was China, the late Warring States period. One of the greatest poets in China. His works, with gorgeous words, strange imagination, novel metaphors and profound connotations, have become one of the sources of China literature. In 1953, the World Peace Council passed a resolution, and because that year was the 223th anniversary of Qu Yuan's death, Qu Yuan was identified as one of the four cultural celebrities in the world that year.

Quyuan was an important minister of Chu. He was trusted by Chu Huaiwang as a leftist in his early years. He often discussed state affairs with King Huai and participated in the formulation of laws. While presiding over foreign affairs. Advocating that Chu State should unite with Qi State and * * * should contend with Qin State. With the efforts of Qu Yuan, the national strength of Chu State has been enhanced. However, due to honest and frank's own personality and the slanderous remarks and exclusion of others, Qu Yuan was gradually alienated by Chu Huaiwang. In the twenty-fourth year of Huai Wang, Qu Yuan was expelled from Ying Capital and lived in northern Han Dynasty. During his exile, Qu Yuan felt depressed and began to create literature. His works were filled with nostalgia for Chu and Chu style and enthusiasm for serving the people and the country. Later, he was called back. After thirty years of Huai Wang, Chu Huaiwang refused to listen to Qu Yuan's dissuasion, insisted on entering Qin, was detained, and later died in Qin. After King Xiang ascended the throne, Chu Qing was so ignorant that he listened to Yin Zilan's slanderers and expelled Qu Yuan again. Qu Yuan lives in the area of Xiangshui, Yuanshui, Hunan Province.

In the twenty-first year of King Xiang of Qing Dynasty (the first 278 years), the general of the State of Qin sent troops south in vain, and broke the capital of Ying. In desperation and grief, Qu Yuan threw a big stone into the Miluo River and died. Legend has it that local people threw zongzi to feed fish to prevent Qu Yuan's body from being eaten by fish, and later it gradually formed a ceremony. From now on, the fifth day of the fifth lunar month will be the Dragon Boat Festival. People will eat zongzi and row dragon boats to commemorate this great patriotic poet. According to Wen Yiduo's research, the Dragon Boat Festival existed in wuyue before Quyuan threw himself into the river, but from Qu Yuan's death more than 2,2 years ago to today, it has been recognized by the mainstream of China society as a sacrifice to Qu Yuan.