Guizhou is the first province in China where primary diamonds were discovered, and it is also the region where high-grade type II diamonds were discovered in China. At the beginning of the founding of New China, diamond prospecting was carried out in Yuanshui River Basin. When searching for placer, people attach great importance to the exploration of primary diamond deposits.
Mosnikov, a Soviet expert, once asserted that the diamonds in the Yuanshui River Basin came from the Guizhou Plateau. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, when Li Siguang made a geological survey in Xiangxi, he learned that diamonds were produced in river sediments and inferred that diamonds came from Guizhou Plateau. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/940, Li Siguang and several classmates went to Enshi and Jianshi in western Hubei to inspect the glacier remains. When they arrived in Qianyang County, Xiangxi, a farmer walked by quietly and sold them diamonds. Li Siguang inquired in detail about the origin of the diamonds. According to the route given by farmers, Li Siguang and others crossed the sugarcane fields, crossed the hills covered with oranges and walked into the mountains. As a result, they found a small and shiny diamond sand. Li Siguang thinks: Although we have found diamond sand here, its primary deposit should still be on the plateau. See figure 1- 10 for the current diamond production point in Guizhou province.
Figure 1- 10 Guizhou topography, water system and diamond production point distribution map.
Guizhou diamond prospecting is the continuation and extension of Hunan diamond prospecting. Shortly after the founding of New China, Hunan began regular diamond prospecting, and four diamond placers were found in the main stream of Yuanshui River Basin: Changde, Yuanling, Taoyuan and Anjiang. 1958, the third geological team of Hunan 4 13 traced the origin of diamonds into Guizhou, and found a small amount of fine diamonds in the Quaternary sediments of Jinping Baishi, the main stream of Qingshui River in eastern Guizhou, and Datong, Liangsi and Huangzhong, the first tributaries of Qingshui River, which opened the prelude to diamond prospecting in Guizhou.
1.3.2 Establish a professional team in Guizhou and strengthen diamond prospecting.
Figure 1- 1 1 diamond morphological characteristics in Qingshuijiang, Guizhou.
1959, the Ministry of Geology decided to transfer the third team of Hunan 4 13 Geological Team to Guizhou Geological Bureau, and set up Qiandong Geological Team (renamed as 196 1 Geological Team in 0) to undertake the task of diamond prospecting in Guizhou Province. The first thing is to continue to trace the source of Qingshuijiang diamonds.
At that time, the 10 1 geological team mainly re-scoured the main stream and tributaries of Qingshui River in eastern Guizhou, and used diamond as an indicator mineral for diamond placer prospecting. After the work, diamonds appeared in river sediments, especially in Shidongkou area, the main stream of Qingshui River. At that time, the Summary of Diamond Investigation in Southeast Guizhou, the Middle Geological Report of Investigation in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Qingshui River in Southeast Guizhou and the General Thinking of Developing Diamond Prospecting in Guizhou were compiled, which quickly attracted the attention of the Ministry of Geology. Through further work, it is confirmed that there are two relative enrichment points of diamond placer in Shidongkou and Liangjiang tributaries of Qingshuihe River (a colorless and transparent octahedral diamond with a weight of 0.875 carats was selected from Shidongkou). The replenishment sources of diamond placer in river sediments in the middle and lower reaches of Qingshui River were comprehensively studied, and a Brief Report on the Relationship between the Middle Devonian Bangzhai Formation (D2b) and "6 13" in Pingzhai Area was compiled, and more diamond placer spots were found. See Figure1-kloc-0/1for diamond morphological characteristics in Qingshuihe River Basin.
1.3.3 introduced new methods, and the primary ore exploration turned around.
From 65438 to 0960, the first international kimberlite conference was held in Siberia, Soviet Union. Researcher Li Pu from Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences attended the meeting and brought back samples of diamond-bearing kimberlite core and main indicator minerals (including chromium garnet, ilmenite, chrome diopside, forsterite and magnesia-chrome spinel) in Yakutia, Siberia, which made China geologists have a perceptual understanding of kimberlite and indicator minerals for the first time. The following year, the Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Sciences set up a diamond investigation and research group. With the cooperation of Hunan 4 13 team and Guizhou 10 1 team, Xiangxi-Qiandong, where diamond placers are relatively concentrated, is selected as the target area. After analyzing the distribution law of diamond placer and speculating the recharge source of Quaternary sediments, Leigongshan is determined as the center of recharge source area, with geological mapping as the main part and small volume heavy sand measurement as the auxiliary part.
At that time, due to the lack of understanding of diamond-bearing rock mass and indicator minerals, and the lack of prospecting clues, the exploration method was simple and the prospecting effect was not good.
At the beginning of 1964, when Zhang Peiyuan came to10/team for inspection, he conveyed the instructions of the Ministry of Geology: "The diamond prospecting work must focus on placer and primary ore at the same time" and "an important development direction of current geological work is to advocate the comprehensive exploration method of geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and prospecting engineering". This indication has greatly changed the direction of diamond prospecting, and it is determined to focus on finding diamond indicator minerals (garnet containing chromium, magnesium and aluminum, etc.). ) Searching for primary diamond deposits by means of geological survey, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and other prospecting engineering means.
Due to the introduction of advanced primary diamond prospecting method, that is, using heavy sand method to find much more associated minerals of diamond-chromium-containing Mg-Al garnet, the diamond prospecting in Guizhou Province turned for the better, and the first primary diamond deposit in China was found in Maping area soon.
1.3.4 The first primary diamond deposit in China-"Dongfang 1" was discovered.
At the beginning of 1964,10/team geologists carefully collected, sorted out and summarized the previous geological data, and made a lot of analysis and research on the supply source of diamond placer in Quaternary sediments, and formulated a new work plan. Choosing Maping area, a tributary replenishment area in Xinzhaitun, Shibing, as a new target area for searching for primary diamond deposits puts forward new requirements for the quality of geological work. The appraisers are required to go out of the laboratory, sample and beneficiate heavy sand in the field, detect the refractive index of the indicator mineral-chromium-containing garnet by the simplest method, and qualitatively analyze the chromium-containing garnet by micro-chemical analysis.
According to the witness Sheng who was looking for ore at that time,/kloc-0 began to look for primary ore at the end of 964. Luo Huiwen, technical director of the brigade, decided to recheck the subsamples of previous placer mineral processing samples to find chromium-containing garnet. Shidongkou area, the main stream of Qingshui River, with more diamonds and the largest particles, was selected as the recheck object from many previous beneficiation points. Soon, Zhou Daxing, a heavy sand appraiser, found a rose-colored transparent mineral with a size of 0.5 mm from a sub-sample of a mineral processing sample, which was confirmed to be chromium-containing garnet by refractive index determination and microscopic analysis. This great discovery shows that not only diamonds have been discovered in Guizhou, but also its associated mineral-chromium-containing magnesium aluminum garnet, which provides a close sign for Guizhou to find primary minerals. The exciting news immediately sensationalized the whole team. The team leader immediately decided to send someone to the Qingshuihe tributary above Shidongkou to take large samples and trace the source of chromium-containing magnesium aluminum garnet.
It was already the middle of winter, and the advance team headed by geologist Shu Peiguang braved the cold wind and went to the wild. Results A 2 mm chrome-bearing purplish red garnet was found in a 5 cubic sample near the outlet of Xinzhaitun tributary, the first tributary on the north bank of Shidongkou, which narrowed the prospecting scope from tens of thousands of square kilometers where Xinzhaitun tributary was located to dozens of square kilometers. To this end, the brigade adjusted its strategic deployment in time, concentrated the original planned general survey and prospecting work on the 500-square-kilometer range of Qingshuihe River and Wuyang River watershed, including the tributary of Xinzhaitun, and carried out heavy sand investigation with the primary diamond mine and chromium-containing magnesium aluminum garnet as the main targets.
1March, 1965,10/Team A team of geologists set out in full gear and went down the Qingshui River from Kaili, where they lived, to the Xinzhaitun tributary where chromium-containing magnesium aluminum garnet was found. According to the established arrangement, the three field teams first concentrated on the tributaries near the exit for technical training, unified working methods and further verified the reliability of associated minerals.
This area is divided into two distinct geological units, north and south, by a nearly east-west fault: the southern part is the moraine layer distribution area of Nantuo Formation of Nanhua System, and the northern part is the pure carbonate rock series of Middle-Upper Cambrian System. The moraine in South China consists of a set of continental glacial deposits with extremely complex material composition. If the garnet you see comes from it, the prospecting prospect will be very slim, and it is almost impossible to judge the direction and distance of its source. On the contrary, if garnet is found in the northern region, it will mean that there is a great possibility of diamond primary ore in the upstream region, because it cannot come from pure carbonate rocks of Cambrian.
On the second day of training, a regiment found 1 2 mm in diameter purple garnet in the south area. The second group, which was in charge of sampling in the north area, found nothing on the first day, but after processing the last pottery basin sample the next day, Tang Huanrong, a heavy sand worker, pulled a red particle of about 0.5 mm from the bottom of the basin, which was too small for the naked eye to make an accurate judgment. Fortunately, the comrades in the laboratory came to the field at this time and were identified as garnet. The news of getting rid of the interference of secondary school students spread all over the team again, and the prospecting work that has been hesitant for many years suddenly turned around. Comrade Li Yuanjun, secretary of the Party Committee of the detachment who came to the scene to command, made a decisive decision and concentrated his forces on the annihilation war, which changed the original plan of the Third Corps to sweep 500 square kilometers, and concentrated his forces to surround the tributary of Xinzhaitun, which was less than 15 square kilometers. Then came the good news: at noon on the third day, a large number of garnet began to appear in the two groups of samples, and 100 was selected from 2 cubic meters, showing abnormal content; One group limited the anomaly to a secondary tributary with a length less than 5 kilometers-Zhulaotun tributary; The second group came to a place called Datang Shao in the upper reaches of Zhulaotun tributary, took sample No.68 and found 1 0.5mm diamond the next day. There are both associated minerals and diamonds, excluding the interference of secondary school students. What does this mean? The whole team and even the whole situation are expecting before discovery.
After the sampling work passed the Datang whistle, there was no trace of garnet in the sample. There happens to be an isometric swamp wetland with a diameter of nearly 100 meters. Yan Shutan, chief engineer of Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, thinks that this is very similar to the unique negative terrain above the kimberlite rock pipe, so the workers dig wells day and night to expose it. Quaternary sediments passing through shallow wells still contain a lot of garnet, but they are all Cambrian dolomite. Further exposure with shallow drilling, the result is still the same. A confused air pervades people, looking for minerals to reproduce the puzzle.
At the beginning of June, according to the clues reported by the masses, a magmatic rock mass was first discovered in a nearby place called Paipo. After exposure and sampling identification, it is confirmed that it is a lamprophyre deposit without diamond. This kind of rock is found in most primary diamond mines in the world, which is one of the signs of the existence of primary diamond mines, further enhancing people's confidence in finding primary diamond mines. Soon, the three groups who came to support not only found a large number of garnet, but also found a diamond in the slope sample at the foot of a small gully near the swamp. This discovery once again aroused the hope of the whole team, because it means that the existence of primary ore has been confirmed, and it is on the slope above the sample site. The horizontal distance from the foot of the slope to the top of the slope is less than 200 meters, and the height difference is only a few tens of meters. The range is very limited. People spontaneously went up the mountain and began to dig trenches, and soon a trench from the foot of the slope to the top of the slope was completed. Surprisingly, however, except dolomite, almost all of them are deeply weathered soil, but some turquoise spots with a diameter of about 1 cm can be seen locally, and the diamond-bearing rock-kimberlite that people think is not visible at all. Where did the garnet and diamond under the slope come from? People once again entered deep thought.
Figure 1-121965 July1the scene of diamond discovery in Maping, Zhenyuan.
At noon on July 1, Bai Zhishan, a geologist from three groups, came to Maping temporary team site in Miao village with good news. When he classified the trench, he accidentally dropped a purple garnet from that green place. This discovery undoubtedly shows that the soil is the weathering product of diamond parent rock, and it is confirmed by sampling and mineral processing that it does contain diamonds! People cheered and told each other that the first primary diamond mine in China was finally found! In order to commemorate this special day-the birthday of the Party, Maping area was named "July 1st" area, and the first diamond-bearing rock mass discovered in China was named "Dongfang 1" (Figure 1- 12).
Maping in zhenyuan county was unknown before 1965, and it was not marked on the map. Shan Ye here was silent. On July 1965, 1 day, Shan Ye boiled here, and radio waves spread all over the world. China discovered and discovered the primary diamond mine here for the first time. So geologists from all over the country flocked to learn from the scriptures and witnessed the first primary diamond mine in China.
The exposed color of kimberlite on the surface is brownish yellow, which is very similar to "hydromica clay shale" and sandwiched in gray dolomite. At the contact of "hydromica clay shale" near dolomite, there are intermittent thin layers of limonite, commonly known as "iron shell", which is the product of weathering and leaching of kimberlite. Turquoise lens mineral, commonly known as "mung bean", is often retained in brown kimberlite, which is the product of alteration of chromium-containing garnet and can be used as a sign to find surface kimberlite. The western section of Dongfang No.2 Dike is only 0.5m thick. This phenomenon of "iron shell" and "mung bean" is very common. When rocks are knocked open, fine diamond particles are usually found.
A chromium-containing garnet was discovered in Xinzhaitun tributary (at the outlet of Maping River) in April 1965, which gradually delineated the mechanical dispersion halo of river sediments and residual slope deposits, gradually narrowed the target of searching for primary diamond ore bodies, and locked it in the deep drawing area of Maping area in June 1 965, with the most in July 1965.
Today's ore-bearing rock mass "Dongfang 1" belongs to K-Mg lamprophyre. But at that time, there was only one kind of diamond-bearing rock kimberlite in the world, and no K-Mg lamprophyre was found. 10 1 according to the mineralogical characteristics of rocks, the geological team did not simply name the diamond-bearing rock mass found in Maping area as kimberlite, but as mica kimberlite, and later olivine mica rock was discovered. Rich in phlogopite is one of the main characteristics of K-Mg lamprophyre, which shows that 10/team distinguished K-Mg lamprophyre from traditional kimberlite in Australia as early as10 years ago, showing the wisdom of China geologists.
1.3.5 56, three rock mass zones were found after the pursuit.
1959~ 1965, 10 1 Geological team stationed in Lushan County (later Kaili, Lushan Cheng Zhen). With the discovery of Zhenyuan primary diamond mine, 10 1 geological team has also become the key support object of Guizhou Geological Bureau, allocating funds and mobilizing elite soldiers. In order to mobilize the supply of drilling equipment and personnel, mine roads and team sites from Zhenyuan to Maping were established. Soon a highway of more than 20 kilometers was built, starting from Zhenyuan and passing through Yaxi, Yongxi, Da 'ao, Dishuiyan, Dongtou, Baoguchang and Maping. Not far from Maping Miao Village, the local government allocated a piece of land and built the geological team station of 10 1. At that time, it was collectively called "July 1st District".
1966 10, the Ministry of Geology held the "National Diamond Primary Ore Prospecting Site Meeting" in zhenyuan county, and more than 20 experts from provincial geological bureaus (teams) attended the meeting. 1966 the first drilling hole is arranged on a deep slope, and it is ready to explore the deep mica kimberlite downward. Drilling to more than 100 meters, it is a green and unweathered mica kimberlite core with a thickness of more than 2 meters. This is the first time that fresh mica kimberlite was found in the original state during drilling in China, which provided extremely valuable information for obtaining experimental data and scientific research of this kind of kimberlite.
During the period of 1965~ 1972, we drilled16500m, mechanically dug 553m, drilled shallow wells1009m, explored 47300m3, and collected 7000 test samples. 1:2000 geological topographic map is 6 square kilometers, 1: 10000 structural geological survey 1 17 square kilometers, supplemented by a large number of geophysical and geochemical surveys. On the basis of the discovery of the first original rock containing diamond, three rock belts, namely Huashui, Zhulaotun and Shenchong, were discovered, and 334 dikes were discovered, including 57 dikes containing diamond, including Dongfang 1, 3, 8,1,12 and/kloc. In May, 1973 completed and submitted the Detailed Investigation Report of Primary Diamond Mines in Maping Area of zhenyuan county under the auspices of the technical leaders of the brigade, Lu Fangpu, and Sheng. 1974 10, with the approval of Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, the proven diamond reserves were ××××××× carats.
According to the study on the characteristics of rock mass and the mechanical dispersion halo law of indicator minerals such as chromium-containing magnesium aluminum garnet and magnesium chromium spinel, by 1972, many mica kimberlites and olivine mica rocks have been found in the deep part, forming three rock mass zones of deep part, Zhulaotun and Huashui (Figure1-kloc-0/3).
The three rock mass belts are flying in the watershed area of Qingshui River and Wuyang River, with Huashui ore belt in the north, deep ore belt (the largest and most important ore belt in this area) in the south, and Zhulaotun ore belt in the south about 2.5 kilometers. * * * There are 334 outcrops and concealed rock masses, all of which occur in the vein. The rock mass is controlled by the NNE-EW low-grade compression-torsion fault and its derived pinnate fractures and interlayer pore structure, and it is pointed out or restored in plane and profile. Mica kimberlite and olivine mica rock are the mother rocks of diamond mines in this area and the only magmatic rocks in this area, both of which belong to alkaline ultrabasic rocks. The isotopic age of olivine mica rocks is about 393 million to 477 million years, which belongs to the late Caledonian movement. Judging from the interpenetration of rock mass, mica kimberlite is a little late, and the surrounding rocks are almost all Cambrian dolomite.
67 representative main rock masses in 334 rock masses were evaluated for diamond beneficiation. It is preliminarily determined that the diamond content of mica kimberlite in Maping mining area is much higher than that of olivine mica rock.
Figure 1- 13 Distribution map of K-Mg lamprophyres and similar rock masses in Zhenyuan-Ping Huang area.
There are 57 ore-bearing rock bodies in the whole mining area, of which 14 rock bodies (diamond content11.05 ~ 59.41mg/m3) have reached the industrial level, and are reported as diamond industry+prospective reserves ×××××× carats. The grain size of diamond crystals in this area is 0.2 ~ 1.0mm, accounting for 98. 13%. The overall quality is poor, the grain size is small, and there is no decoration or hardness grade.
1.3.6 persevere and launch the second round of diamond prospecting.
1966 to 1989, while exploring and evaluating Maping original diamond mining area,1kloc-0/Geological team continued to take diamonds and chromium-containing garnets as main indicator minerals, and carried out research in Qingshui River, Duliujiang River, Wuyang River, Jinjiang River, Wujiang River and Pearl River in Guizhou. More than 45 diamond placers were found in the tributaries, and nearly 200 diamonds were selected (including 22 diamond placers in southeastern Guizhou, selected diamonds 14 1 each). More than 5 K-Mg lamprophyres 15 have been found in all parts of the province, but no new primary diamond deposits have been found. Although the primary diamond prospecting in Guizhou is in a stalemate, people's enthusiasm for prospecting has not diminished, and the evaluation of primary diamonds has not stopped. 1990 to 1996 to start the second round of diamond prospecting.
According to the spirit of document 1990. The1989 [038]1kloc-0/geological team issued by the Ministry of Geology and Minerals compiled the Diamond Metallogenic Prediction Map of Guizhou Province and its detailed explanation based on the diamond prospecting achievements in Guizhou for many years. Five primary diamond metallogenic prediction areas were divided by analogy method, among which the A-level prediction area.
1In August, 1990, the National Conference on Diamond Mineralization Prediction was held in Suzhou, which systematically collected many new theories and methods in plate tectonics, deep geology, isotopes and paleontology since the 1980s, and re-recognized the metallogenic conditions of Guizhou block. It is considered that the Yangtze Craton where Guizhou is located is a cold block with Archean crystalline basement and the thickness of lithosphere is about 170 km. Guizhou province is located in the Proterozoic and Mesoproterozoic active zones (the southeast edge of the paraplatform in the transition zone between the Yangtze paraplatform and the South China Fold System), which is a favorable area for searching for primary diamond deposits of Jinyun volcanic rocks. The indicator mineral of phlogopite volcanic type diamond primary ore is chromite with low magnesium, high aluminum and rich chromium.
With the new understanding of diamond mineralization, Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources decided to carry out diamond prospecting research in eight counties (cities) such as Kaili-Guiding, a-level metallogenic prediction area, according to new theories, new methods and new technologies.
1March, 1992, in the Longchang-Datang area of Majiang, a rock mass belt (40 rock masses) consisting of 5 K-Mg lamprophyre and olivine Jinyun volcanic rocks was discovered one after another, and the rock mass belt was distributed in northeast and near east-west direction. Although the ore-bearing property of the newly discovered rock mass is not ideal, it is obtained after changing the previous heavy sand sampling method and taking chromite as the main indicator mineral, which is undoubtedly of great significance for the prospecting of primary diamond deposits in Guizhou.
1July, 1994, through geological exploration, a phlogopite volcanic body was found about 800 meters southeast of Niulan Village, Datang Township, Leishan County, which was produced in the Neoproterozoic Xiajiang Group stratum in the form of bedrock. In June+10, 5438, two lamprophyres were found near Yongle Town, Leishan County, one in bedrock and the other in steep veins. 1In May, 1995, a lamprophyre was discovered in Pingyang, Rongjiang County. The genesis of the above-mentioned rock mass belongs to Duliujiang River Basin. Whether their discovery indicates that the diamonds produced in Quaternary alluvium in Duliujiang River basin are supplied by primary diamond mines in this basin is a problem worthy of attention. The discovery of these rock masses undoubtedly provides important information for searching for primary diamond deposits of K-Mg lamprophyre in Duliujiang River basin.
1990 to 1996,1kloc-0/geological team took chrome-containing spinel as indicator mineral, and carried out surface scanning in Ao city of Liping, Xingyi-Liupanshui area, Huali area of Kaiyang county and Daxing area of Tongren successively, except in Longchang, Majiang, Zhenfeng and Tongren of Xingyi.
1.3.7 regroup and start a new round of diamond prospecting.
Photo 1- 14 Song Ruixiang (second from the right) conducted a field survey of K-Mg lamprophyres in Longchang, Majiang.
Is there really no diamond mine with development value in Guizhou? Guizhou geologists do not believe it. Mr. He Lixian, former chief engineer of Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, said meaningfully: "No big mine can be built overnight."
2010165438+1October 12~ 14 Song Ruixiang, former minister of geology and mineral resources, accompanied by diamond experts from Liaoning and Hunan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, went to Qiandongnan to inspect and guide the diamond prospecting work in Guizhou (Figure1- He came to Guizhou this time to keep the diamond prospecting work in Guizhou uninterrupted. He hoped that a new generation of geologists in Guizhou, with the help of old comrades, would take over the baton of diamond prospecting and find primary diamond deposits with industrial value in Guizhou.
The previous prospecting experience rekindled the enthusiasm of Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources for diamond prospecting. 20 10, 10, Guizhou provincial bureau of geology and mineral resources held a symposium of diamond prospecting experts (fig. 1- 15). After listening carefully to experts' opinions and suggestions on the diamond prospecting potential in Guizhou, Director Li Zaiwen and Chief Engineer qi zhou made arrangements for a new round of diamond prospecting in Guizhou. Director Li Zaiwen put forward six suggestions: first, give full play to the role of old experts in "mentoring"; Second, we should develop and use the existing geological data of diamond prospecting to lay a good foundation for the next prospecting; The third is to compile and implement the "Guizhou Diamond Prospecting Action Plan" and incorporate it into the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" to set up a leading group for diamond prospecting in Guizhou. Fourth, the bureau will arrange certain research funds to start the preliminary work; Fifth, strive for the support of the central and provincial geological prospecting funds, and actively prepare to apply for project approval; Sixth, transfer specialized young and middle-aged geological backbones, strengthen contact with old experts, give full play to the role of experts, and start a new round of diamond prospecting in Guizhou.
2011121~ 23, the national symposium on diamond prospecting organized by China Geological Survey was held in Changde, Hunan. First-line exploration teams, scientific research units and experts from universities and colleges from Hunan, Liaoning, Shandong, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hubei and other provinces (regions) made suggestions for diamond prospecting in China. Most of the experts attending the meeting also made a special trip to Maping, Zhenyuan, Guizhou Province to visit and inspect the "Dongfang 1" diamond-bearing rock mass, went deep into the tunnel to observe and study it carefully, and held a symposium of Guizhou diamond prospecting experts in Kaili. It is considered that the Yangtze platform area, especially Guizhou, has the conditions of primary diamond mineralization, and it is entirely possible to make a new breakthrough in diamond prospecting.
Figure 1- 15 Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources held a symposium on diamond prospecting and selection.
1.3.8 Main scientific problems of diamond prospecting in Guizhou
1) The Wuyang River Basin in Zhenyuan mainly produces type I diamonds, while the nearby Maping primary diamond ore body in Zhenyuan is type II diamonds. Are there any other sources? At the same time, does it show that the main diamond-bearing rock mass in Maping has not been exposed?
2) Qingshui River and Duliujiang River are a watershed. The main stream and tributaries of the two water systems flow through roughly the same stratum, but the types of diamonds produced by the two rivers are completely different. Are the rock masses and their diamond types different in the two basins? Does it show that there are many types of diamond-bearing rock bodies in this area and there are good prospecting prospects?
3) A large number of type II diamonds were found in Duliujiang River. Where did they come from? Is it because there are many diamond-bearing K-Mg lamprophyres in Leigongshan area that have not been discovered? Due to strong weathering and other reasons, is it possible that some of the rock masses, such as mica lamprophyre, were originally determined to be K-Mg lamprophyre containing diamonds?
4) According to the spatial geometry of mica lamprophyre in Nantang, Zhenyuan Temple, can it be predicted that there may be larger and steeper rock walls or pipes in the deep part near the diamond-bearing bedrock invaded by Zhenyuan 1 and No.3 Maping?
5) If there are diamond-bearing K-Mg lamprophyres in Neoproterozoic strata in Leigongshan and other areas, does it indicate that there is great prospecting potential in the deep CAMBRIAN diamond-bearing rocks in Maping area, Zhenyuan, northern China (if it is a system, the intrusion time is roughly the same)?
6) Large-scale wall silicified zone and remote sensing ring structure appear in southern tongren city, and the suspected cryptoexplosive breccia of Lower Cambrian indicates the existence of deep rock mass? Does the diamond in Jinjiang Valley come from the partially denuded rock mass at different stages related to the deep rock mass in this area?