Types of cutting fluids:
Water-based cutting fluids can be divided into emulsified, semi-synthetic and fully synthetic cutting fluids. Wherein, the diluent appearance of the emulsion is milky white; The diluent of semi-synthetic liquid is usually translucent, and some products are milky white; Diluents for fully synthetic liquids are usually completely transparent or slightly colored like water.
The role of cutting fluid:
1, lubrication
The lubrication function of metal cutting fluid in cutting process can reduce the friction between rake face and chip, flank face and machined surface, and form local lubrication film, thus reducing cutting force, friction force and power consumption, reducing the surface temperature and tool wear at the friction part between tool and workpiece blank, and improving the cutting performance of workpiece material. ?
Step 2 cool down
The cooling function of the cutting fluid is to separate the cutting zone from the tool and the workpiece through its convection and vaporization with the tool, chip and workpiece, so as to effectively reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the thermal deformation of the workpiece and the tool, maintain the hardness of the tool, and improve the machining accuracy and tool durability.
wash
In the process of metal cutting, cutting fluid is required to have good cleaning effect. Remove the generated chips, abrasive chips, iron powder, oil stain and sand, prevent the machine tool, workpiece and cutter from being polluted, and keep the cutting edge of cutter or grinding wheel sharp, so as not to affect the cutting effect.
4. Rust prevention
In the process of metal cutting, the workpiece will contact with corrosive media such as environmental media and sludge produced by the decomposition or oxidation deterioration of cutting fluid, and the surface of machine tool parts in contact with cutting fluid will also corrode.
Extended data
The difference between different cutting fluids:
Oil-based cutting fluid has good lubricity and poor cooling effect. Compared with oil-based cutting fluid, water-based cutting fluid has relatively poor lubrication performance and good cooling effect. Slow cutting requires cutting fluid to have strong lubricity. Generally speaking, when the cutting speed is lower than 30m/min, cutting oil is used.
When the cutting speed does not exceed 60m/min, the cutting oil containing extreme pressure additives is effective, regardless of the cutting process of any material. When cutting at high speed, the oil-based cutting fluid has high calorific value and poor heat transfer effect, and the temperature in the cutting area will be too high, which will lead to smoke and fire in the cutting oil. Moreover, because the workpiece temperature is too high, it will cause thermal deformation and affect the machining accuracy of the workpiece, so water-based cutting fluid is often used.
Emulsion combines the lubricity and rust prevention of oil with the excellent coolability of water, and has good lubricity and coolability at the same time, so it is very effective for high-speed and low-pressure metal cutting that generates a lot of heat. Compared with oil-based cutting fluid, emulsion has the advantages of good heat dissipation, cleanliness and economy brought by water dilution.
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