1930, she was admitted to the physics department of yenching university. She thought that the most advanced natural science in the world at that time was physics, while China's physics at that time was far behind the world. She is the only female among 0/3 freshmen in this class/kloc-. After being eliminated year by year, only four students graduated from 1934, and Wang Chengshu topped the list and won the Golden Key Award.
Then I spent two years as a graduate student, got my master's degree from 1936, and then stayed in school to teach. 1937 when War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, Wang Chengshu left Beijing and moved to Nanjing, Wuchang, Guilin and Guiyang. 194 1 American barber scholarship foundation accepted Wang Chengshu's application, and went to the university of Michigan to study for a doctorate in August of the same year. 1944 passed the doctoral thesis defense and then worked as a postdoctoral fellow for two years. He used to be an associate researcher and researcher at the University of Michigan, and worked in Princeton Institute of Advanced Studies twice until/kloc-0 returned to China in 1956.
During his stay in the United States, Wang Chengshu and his mentor, Uhlenbeck, completed several important papers on the dynamics of rarefied gases. The establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) strongly inspired Wang Chengshu's childlike innocence in serving the motherland. She said firmly, "Although China is poor and has poor scientific research conditions, I can't wait for others to create conditions. I will personally participate in creating conditions. My career is in China. " In order to avoid the inspection of the US government, before returning to China, she divided the relevant books and materials into more than 300 packages and sent them from the United States to Beijing one after another.
She returned to the motherland on 1956, witnessed the earth-shaking changes in the motherland, and made up her mind: "We should work hard with ten times energy and a hundred times enthusiasm and dedicate all our wisdom and strength to the motherland." After returning to China, Wang Chengshu was assigned to work in the theoretical research room of the Institute of Modern Physics, and was also a professor in the Physics Department of Peking University, teaching thermodynamics and statistical physics. 1958, the institute of atomic energy established a thermonuclear fusion laboratory, and she was transferred to the laboratory to engage in theoretical work. In the early 1960s, when the Soviet Union withdrew its experts, China's first gas diffusion plant to separate uranium isotopes faced a grim situation. Wang Chengshu put the national interest first and resolutely accepted the uranium isotope separation he had never done before. Since then, Wang Chengshu's name has quietly disappeared in Chinese physics circles. Together with Wu Heqian, she started her silent work for the rest of her life.
She has successively served as the deputy director of the uranium isotope separation research office of China Academy of Atomic Energy, the deputy director of 605 Institute of North China Institute, the deputy director of the Revolutionary Committee of the Third Institute of the Second Ministry of Machinery Industry, the chief engineer of the Science and Technology Bureau of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, and the member of the Standing Committee of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry. She also served as the chief designer of the development of a large-scale gas diffuser designed and processed by China, and the leader of two expert groups of the Seventh Five-Year National Key Scientific and Technological Project-Centrifugation and Laser Separation of Uranium Isotopes. While undertaking the work of organization and leadership, Wang Chengshu kept learning new knowledge, giving lectures and discussing in person, and solved one theoretical problem after another in the operation of the factory. Trained a batch after batch of outstanding scientific research talents; He has done pioneering work in the field of uranium isotope separation theory and made important contributions to all stages of uranium isotope separation in China.
196 1 year, Wang Chengshu joined the China * * * production party. She is a member of the Second Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a representative of the Third, Fourth and Fifth National People's Congress. 65438-0980, Member of the Department of Mathematical Physics, China Academy of Sciences (Academician). 1980, he served as the first and second executive director of China Nuclear Society, the first and second honorary director of Isotope Separation Society, and concurrently served as Professor department of engineering physics of Tsinghua University and Professor of Physics Department of Dalian University of Technology. The theory of solving the eigenvalue of Boltzmann equation is put forward, which expands the application of Boltzmann equation.
1939 Wang Chengshu married Zhang Wenyu, a professor at Southwest Associated University who came back from England. After marriage, her ambition has not diminished. With Zhang Wenyu's active support and her own efforts, 194 1 the Barber Scholarship of the University of Michigan accepted the application of a married woman as an exception.
During her stay in the United States, Professor Uhlenbeck was her mentor and collaborator. Uhlenbeck was one of the discoverers of electron spin, and later became the academic authority of theoretical physics. 1980, Uhlenbeck published an article in the Yearbook of Fluid Mechanics, which reviewed and spoke highly of her and Wang Chengshu's research in this period. During his stay in the United States, Wang Chengshu mainly engaged in the research on the theory of gas molecular motion, and published many important papers that were at the forefront of the world at that time.
As we all know, all substances are composed of microscopic particles (molecules, atoms). The theory of gas molecular motion studies the motion of a large number of microscopic particles (molecules) in gas by statistical methods, thus obtaining the law of gas macroscopic properties. The macroscopic properties of gas can be obtained by the velocity distribution function of molecules. Therefore, solving the velocity distribution function of molecules is the core of this topic. 1948, Wang Chengshu found an important mistake about bernat's result in Chapman and T.G. Colin's mechanical classic Mathematical Theory of Inhomogeneous Gas (1 edition).
Wang Chengshu's achievements were of great value to the research of high-altitude physics and gas dynamics at that time. However, due to some reasons, this paper was not published in time until Uhlenbeck published 1970 for her in the United States. Wang Chengshu's research achievements have been cited by many famous scholars in the United States, Russian, Italian and domestic. It lays a theoretical foundation for uranium isotope separation in China.
At the end of 1956, the Institute of Modern Physics hoped that Wang Chengshu would separate uranium isotopes. At that time, she was over 40 years old and started a job she had never done before. It was very hard! In the United States, she heard that this is a difficult and mysterious technology, which is mastered by only a few countries in the world and kept strictly confidential. She never imagined that the country would give her such a heavy burden. She made it clear: "No one has done this job, and it is not easy for anyone to do it. Other people's work is already on track, and they are still carrying young comrades. Only when I have just returned to work, or when I do it, it has the least impact on the work of the office. " So, she quietly made preparations. But at that time, the whole country was engaged in "anti-Rightism", and this matter was shelved. 1958 In the spring, Wang Chengshu was assigned to eight college students who just graduated from Peking University and asked to teach them the course of uranium isotope separation theory. She refers to the theoretical works of American scholar K. Cohen, talks while learning, and often admonishes students to integrate theory with practice.
From 65438 to 0958, the Institute of Atomic Energy decided to build a thermonuclear fusion laboratory, and Wang Chengshu was transferred to the laboratory to engage in theoretical work. 1959 was sent to the Soviet institute of atomic energy for an internship for three months. On the train back home, she translated the book about thermonuclear fusion in Project Sherwood (pen name Guo Zhen). After two years of hard work, she has been very familiar with this technology and has developed a strong interest. At that time, thermonuclear fusion was a hot field of world science and technology, and she was preparing to join this fierce international "competition". However, in the early 1960s, the Soviet Union withdrew its experts, which put China's first gas diffusion plant, which was fully equipped with Soviet machines, in trouble. Information is incomplete and problems are piling up. Before leaving, an expert said, "Your diffusion factory can't be built!" One day in March, the leader invited Wang Chengshu again, hoping that she would remain anonymous and shoulder this heavy responsibility. Wang Chengshu still put the national interest first, and once again gave up the job he loved. In the afternoon, he went to the Institute of Atomic Energy, and started from scratch again, and conducted theoretical research on uranium isotope separation for decades. Because of the importance of basic theory, the Second Machinery Department decided to take the time to train the theoretical team and factory operators in this field before the diffusion plant has the conditions to start. Wang Chengshu studies hard, attends classes and discusses problems with everyone.
The research on batch start-up scheme of factory is an important subject in dynamic research. Under the guidance of Wang Chengshu, a cascade theory group was established and a lot of calculations were made. In order to increase practical experience, I go to the factory several times a year to get to know the situation. She worked meticulously, repeatedly checked and carefully analyzed the calculation results, and finally got the theoretical curve of the variation of abundance with time in the cascade. At the end of 1963, the fifth batch of factories started, which is the most critical moment. At that time, Zhang Wenyu worked in Dubna Joint Research Institute, so he seldom had the opportunity to visit relatives in China. He went to the factory before he could see him in Wang Chengshu this time. In the factory, she constantly checked the theoretical curve with the measured data.
1964 New Year's Day was spent in such intense work. When we saw that the measured results were consistent with the theoretical calculation, and the abundance of concentrate really reached the expected value, everyone rejoiced and made contributions to the completion of the charging plan of China's first atomic bomb ahead of schedule.
In order to meet the increasing demand for enriched uranium, the state issued the task of developing a large diffuser in 1964. Wang Chengshu accepted the responsibility of the chief designer and personally participated in the selection of physical parameters. This is a large diffuser completely designed and manufactured by our country. Premier Zhou Enlai instructed us twice to pay close attention to research and finalize the design. However, due to the influence of the "Cultural Revolution", it was not until the late 1970s that the aircraft was designed and finalized. 1978 won the National Science Conference Award and the Special Award of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense for many times.
1978 Wang Chengshu transferred to directly under the authority to organize and lead scientific research and production to train talents. She often goes to factories and scientific research units, goes deep into the reality, grasps the situation, and provides economic analysis reports of China diffusion cascade for superior decision-making. Aiming at the latest technology in the world, she foresees that life span is one of the keys to the success or failure of centrifugal technology. Therefore, regardless of her age, she took the lead in learning from scratch and organized Qi Xin Cooperation for more than ten years. At present, centrifugal method has moved towards the stage of industrial application in China, and laser method has also made a major breakthrough in experiments.