(1) galactic cosmology has just completed the survey of 2dF galaxies (spectra of 250,000 galaxies) and quasars, which has attracted the attention of the astronomical community. The first batch of observation data (DRI) and microwave background anisotropy observation data (WMAP) recently released by SDSS, combined with these first-class observation data, scientists have painted a consistent and clear picture of the evolution of the universe. Today, cosmology has developed to a new stage, called "exact cosmology". The model of dark matter with dark energy is supported by a large number of observation data. The research on the formation and evolution of galaxies is getting deeper and deeper. Thousands of galaxy spectra and millions of accurate CCD polychromatic photometric data (from SDSS) provide a solid foundation for this research. Most of the debates at the meeting focused on the origin of the structure of the universe and the physical properties of dark matter and dark energy.
Generally speaking, there is a big gap between China and foreign countries in this field, but there are still some bright spots in some aspects: 1) The research work of Max Planck Group at Shanghai Observatory was invited by at least four meetings to make a detailed summary, especially Primack's 30-minute report, which took nearly 10 minutes to explain the recent work of this group on the angular momentum of disk galaxies, and said that this work was to solve the problem of angular momentum of galaxies. 2) Jing made an invitation report entitled "What shapes of dark matter halo do X-rays tell us" at the S220 conference, and organized an invitation entitled "What are the differences faced by cold dark matter? Conference debate on the shape and scope of dark halo; 3) Hou and Xia Xiaoyang made oral reports in S2 17 respectively. This shows that some important achievements have been made in the study of galaxy formation in China in recent years. 4) From the outstanding contributions made by SDSS and 2dF to galaxy cosmology, it is considered that the completion of LAMOST, a big scientific project in China, will be of great significance.
(2) At present, a number of astronomical equipment, such as giant ground telescopes (GSMT, Celtic, Owl, etc.) are being developed in advance in the world. ) 30- 100 meters in diameter, the next generation space telescope (6.5m JWST, etc. ), space extrasolar planet detection equipment (TPF, Darwin, etc. ) and giant radio telescopes (arrays) (ALMA, SKA, etc. ). Future astronomical research, especially frontier topics such as galaxy cosmology, star formation and exploration of extrasolar planets, will mainly rely on these devices. If China does not develop or participate in international cooperative research, its astronomical research will be impossible in the future.
The first conference on future large equipment was JD08 "Large Telescope and Virtual Observatory: Future Visit", which lasted for two days. Su was one of the two co-chairs, and he was in charge of the large telescope part (the conference was held on the first day of July 17). And specifically served as the chairman of the second game. On this day, there are seven invited reports, including astronomical goals and major projects in the future. Finally, Sue made a summary. The director of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), the director of the National Optical Observatory (NOAO), the former chairman of SPIE and the two former secretaries-general of IAU all attended the meeting and attached great importance to these big projects. Ai Guoxiang, director of the National Astronomical Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, also attended the meeting of 1. The second meeting will be held on July 22nd in the future large-scale facilities working group. The third meeting was the Australian Astronomical Industry Day held on July 23rd (organized by the Australian astronomical community to attract industry to participate in astronomical equipment). Similarly, many IAU leaders and directors of large observatories attended the second and third meetings, and some Australian officials also attended the third meeting.
Now there is a view that mankind has entered the second industrial revolution, and these big devices are the industrial revolution in astronomy.
There are two things that need special mention: three meetings and three different spokesmen. When everyone talked about SKA, they first introduced China's plan FAST and released pictures of FAST. When the newspaper at the press conference on July 2 1 introduced SKA, the first photo was also quick. The other is: there will be a big project in the future, the Antarctic telescope. After the meeting, we saw an Australian astronomer's project of 16m Antarctic telescope, which was based on LAMOST and published a full-page map of LAMOST.
(3) There are four meetings related to solar physics, namely S2 19, JD03, JD07 and JD 12, and about 20 representatives from China attended these meetings. S2 19 stars as the sun: connecting the activities, evolution and planets of stars, planets and the sun, are novel and extensive, ranging from tiny flares on the sun to planetary systems in stars. Fang Cheng's oral report 2 19. , Tian, and made oral reports on JD03 respectively. Wang Jing was first a SOC member of JD07, and Zhang Jun made an oral report of JD07.
(4) Planetary comets include S2 19, JD02, JD 14, SPS 1 and "Astronomy from the Moon" working group, and solar system exploration is still a frontier topic in this field. There is a big gap between China and the international level, but this gap is narrowing in some areas. The concept of space program ASTROD-I, which was put forward by Ni et al. and communicated with foreign counterparts at the meeting, has its own advantages and attracted the attention of foreign counterparts.
At the meeting of the Working Group on Lunar Astronomy, Sukie Yip reported on the "Chinese lunar exploration plan" that she cooperated with Ouyang Ziyuan, including the lunar exploration test items and instruments and equipment in 2005. The report and discussion lasted *** 15 minutes with warm applause. There are many lunar testing projects in China, and they show interest and support.
(5) Virtual Observatory (VO) is a set of astronomical research infrastructure based on Internet. In order to realize the seamless and transparent integration of the world's major astronomical research resources, VO will make unprecedented progress in astronomical research and become one of the keys to create a new era of astronomical discovery. The concept of VO was first put forward in 1999. In June 2002, the International Virtual Observatory Alliance was established. At the beginning of 2002, the National Astronomical Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences put forward the idea of developing China Virtual Observatory. In June 2002, China Voluntary Organization became a member of IVOA.
The second part of JD08 (the second day's meeting) was a virtual observatory, and then an IVOA meeting was held in Sydney, attended by Zhao Yongheng and Cui Chenzhou. It is suggested that relevant parties in China pay attention to this new direction.
(6) Astrometry is not a hot spot in astronomy at present, but it is one of the foundations of astronomy. Astronomers of the older generation in China have made remarkable achievements in this field. Jin Wenjing was elected as the chairman of Committee 8, and this time she is also a SOC member of JD 16. But now the research in this field is shrinking in China, and I'm afraid there are still a few outstanding young and middle-aged astronomers to continue this work.
In addition, the papers of China astronomers Peng Qiuhe, Xu Renxin, Han, Wang Xiaofeng and Yu Zhiyaohe were published in S2 18, S2 18, JD05, JD05, JD2 1 and the publications of the Committee of Astronomical Literature. Liu Ciyuan is an academician of IAU Committee 4 1/ Committee of Astronomical Literature of the League of Nations.
Many domestic astronomers reported that they attended the conference, learned the latest progress of astronomy and the trends of countries around the world, learned a lot of new things, had many discussions and exchanges with foreign scholars, and also talked about the intention of cooperation, which benefited a lot.
This conference also made us fully see the gap between China's astronomy and the international advanced level. There are 6 symposiums in this conference, 2 1 field joint discussion. * * * There are about 226 invited reports and about 559 other oral reports. Only one astronomer from China was invited to give an invitation report, and the other 12 people gave oral reports. These clubs * * * have about 350 SOC members, including about 50 chairmen, among whom only three China astronomers and one chairman. Of course, there are many posters of astronomers in China. Some foreign scholars are unfair to us, and some astronomers in China have made no contribution. However, we have to admit that there is a big gap between China's astronomy and the international advanced level, and there are too few high-level achievements.
About bidding for the 27th IAU Congress in 2009.
With the approval of the leaders and careful preparation, in June 5438+February, 2002, the Chinese Astronomical Society formally submitted an application to hold the 27th IAU Conference in China and Shanghai, which was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Shanghai Municipal Government, the China Academy of Sciences and the China Association for Science and Technology. China joined the IAU on 1935, and has never held an IAU conference in China (including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao) for nearly 70 years. Shanghai is fully qualified to hold such a meeting, and a rare total solar eclipse can be seen in Shanghai on July 22, 2009. This proposal was put forward by the last Council of the Chinese Astronomical Society. The Shanghai Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, especially the director of the front desk, Zhao, Zhao and Zhao, have done a lot of work. The National Natural Science Foundation of China also allocated a special fund of 200,000 yuan to support this work.
Four cities and countries bid for the 27th IAU Conference in 2009. They are Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Quebec City (Canada), Shanghai (China) and Honolulu (USA).
The defense was held at the enlarged meeting of IAU Executive Committee on the morning of July 65438, 2005. In China, Su, Zhao, Zhao entered the meeting. Zhang Shuangnan, Vice Chairman of the Chinese Astronomical Society, delivered a speech. He is well prepared and fluent in English. After the speech, he got warm applause. When he left the venue, IAU President Paccini left us at the entrance of the venue and shook hands with Zhang Shuangnan.
On the morning of July 24th, IAU EC held a meeting, and finally decided the country and city to host the 27th Congress. At noon 12: 50, the meeting just ended. When Sue saw IAU President pasini coming out, he stepped forward. As soon as he saw Sue, he said, "I'm sorry, Brazil was the last one to pass, and I was going to find you. After sitting down, he said: "This time, we mainly considered geographical distribution and finally gave it to Brazil." Sue said, "China. Unfortunately, there has never been a press conference in China. This is the first time the application was unsuccessful. " He said, "Yes, so there was a heated debate at the meeting. In the end, China was only one vote away. "Paccini also said:" Some people at the meeting said that Shanghai was too hot, and it was not as cool as Sydney and Brazil. Su said: "Both the venue and the hotel have air conditioning, which is an inappropriate reason." . "He said," I can't help it. I'm really sorry. "He suggested that we bid for the next meeting. It seems that Professor Paccini himself is really sincere and friendly. After the talks, Sue met with Andersen, the last Secretary-General (now an EC consultant). He said, "IAU conference was held in Japan (Asia) in 1997, so Brazil was approved this time. "He suggested that we bid for the next meeting.
At the closing meeting on the afternoon of 24th, Professor Pacini's speech was slightly different from that at noon. He said that four countries and cities have bid for the 27th Congress. Considering the development and geographical distribution of astronomy, Brazil was finally decided. There is a big gap between China's astronomy and the international advanced level, which is probably related to the unsuccessful bid (but we can't overemphasize this point, because the astronomical powers such as the United States and Canada also failed to bid). As for whether to bid for the 28th IAU Congress in 20 12, it is suggested that the Chinese Astronomical Society discuss it at the next Council meeting.
4. The position of China astronomers in IAU.
At this meeting, Fang Cheng, an astronomer from China, was elected as the vice chairman of IAU, which is the second astronomer from China to receive this honor after Ye Shuhua. Nan was elected as the vice chairman of the 10 Division and the 40 Committee (he will become the chairman in three years), which is the first time that an astronomer from China was elected as the vice chairman of the Division. According to incomplete information, China astronomers Zhao Yongheng, Cui, Gan, Zhai were re-elected as members of the 5th, 9th, 10, 19, 3 1, and Zhou Yilin, Gan and Xin Dang were re-elected as members of the 7th and 660th committees. All the 59 new members recommended by China were accepted by IAU. These are all good news.
During the 25th Congress, China astronomer Jin Wenjing served as the chairman of the 8th Committee, while Su served as the chairman of the 9th Committee, and Su presided over the working meeting of the 9th Committee. Jin Wenjing and Su took office after the 24th Congress in 2000 and worked for three years. After the 25th IAU Congress, they all retired.
5. Other matters that need to be explained
This time, IAU revised the articles of association. According to the new definition of ICSU, the term national member will replace the original two words: country/region and joining the organization. Sue was worried at first that there would be two China problems. He spoke at the National Congress on the afternoon of July 14, and disapproved of such a change. Later, after a detailed understanding of IAU EC consultant and former Secretary-General Anderson, this is defined by ICSU, and national members refer to national organizations, not countries. He said that this matter must be approved by the China Association for Science and Technology. The original agreement between IAU and China was that Chinese mainland would use Nanjing in China and Taiwan Province Province in China would use Taipei in China. At the opening ceremony the next night, she voted in favor of the amendment to the articles of association.
After the incident on the afternoon of July 14, Su telephoned Mr. Wang Shouguan who was far away in Beijing that night, and telephoned Mr. Ye Shuhua, the consultant of the delegation, late at night that night. When talking with Andersen the next morning, Cui invited Xiang Qun. Her English is so good that she can understand Andersen's words accurately. Sue didn't vote for it until she knew the situation.
At this meeting, Liao Xinhao served as a member of the Nomination Committee and Gan served as a member of the Finance Committee. They attended the IAU working conference in this respect and earnestly performed their duties.
On July 22nd, representatives of the Chinese Astronomical Society took a group photo in front of the Sydney Convention Center. Unfortunately, some of them have left Australia.
The 26th (next) IAU General Assembly will be held in Prague, Czech Republic from 6 to 25 August 2006.
At this meeting, Wang Na, who is working as a postdoctoral fellow at ATNF in Australia, is very concerned about the delegates from China and has done a lot for everyone. I want to thank her.
Ye Shuhua, Fang Cheng, Cui, Gan, Chu Yaoquan, Jing,, Zhao Yongheng, etc. provided various materials for this summary. Explain and thank them here!