Legal subjectivity:
Enterprise annuity, also known as "enterprise pension plan" or "occupational pension plan", is an important part of China's old-age insurance system. First, the difference between enterprise annuity and occupational annuity The first difference is that the models of the two are different. Enterprise annuity is a DC mode investment operation in which personal accounts are completely accumulated in the true sense, and the amount of benefits received by the insured varies with the amount of funds accumulated. This model focuses on corporate responsibility, and investment risks are borne by enterprises and individuals. Personally, I think that although the occupational annuity also belongs to the DC mode, it is combined with the basic insurance to ensure that the treatment of people will not be reduced. Therefore, it tends to the DB mode as a whole, paying more attention to state responsibility at least during the transition period, and the investment risk is not completely transferred to units and individuals, which is regulated by the basic insurance part, so it is impossible to simply define the occupational annuity with the DC mode. The second difference is that the managers are different. In the investment operation of enterprise annuity, market institutions with annuity management qualifications participate in entrustment, account management, custody and investment. The account manager of occupational annuity is the central and provincial social security agencies, without the participation of market institutions, which can save operating costs, give full play to the social insurance service advantages of the agencies, and facilitate the linkage with the collection of basic old-age insurance. In addition, there is another difference between occupational annuity and enterprise annuity. Occupational annuity is a provincial-level co-ordination of funds with strong centralized effect. With the central and provincial units, the whole country is 33 regions. Enterprise annuity is not the case. It is based on enterprises, and a single plan can be established, or many enterprises can gather to establish a collective plan. Occupational annuity has the effect of scale concentration, which is also conducive to improving the operating efficiency of the fund. There is also different social attention, and the social attention of occupational annuity is higher than that of enterprise annuity. In 24, China promulgated the "Trial Measures for the Management of Enterprise Annuity Fund", and in 25, the first batch of management institutions were evaluated. In 26, the enterprise annuity officially began to operate. From 27 to now, the development of enterprise annuity has a history of ten years. The enterprise annuity has developed for ten years, and there are about 23 million employees. The occupational annuity involves about 37 million people, which is started centrally and enforced, so it has been widely concerned by the society. Second, what is the development trend of investment and operation of occupational annuity funds? The first trend is that the average annual growth rate of occupational annuity fund scale will be relatively fast, and the average annual growth rate of enterprise annuity fund accumulation scale in the past ten years is 26%. Because the payment of occupational annuity is compulsory and the staff of government agencies and institutions are relatively stable, I expect that the growth rate of occupational annuity fund scale will far exceed that of enterprise annuity, showing a stable and high-speed growth. The second trend is that there may still be a phenomenon of focusing on short-term performance appraisal in occupational annuity investment operation, and the short-term performance appraisal does not match the long-term investment nature of pension funds, which may make investment institutions give up some long-term opportunities, thus losing the fund itself. From the perspective of investment income, institutions will choose low-risk fixed-income assets for investment in order to ensure no loss and relatively conservative investment style, while the proportion of equity assets with high returns and high risks will shrink, which will make the overall income level of the fund relatively low. Some time ago, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Measures for Unifying and Standardizing the Bookkeeping Interest Rate of Personal Accounts of Employees' Endowment Insurance", proposing to unify the Bookkeeping Interest Rate of Personal Accounts of Basic Endowment Insurance, taking into account the factors of wage growth and fund balance, and adjusting and determining it through reasonable coefficients. At present, China's overall economic situation is improving, the average social wage will also increase rapidly, and the bookkeeping interest rate of personal accounts for basic old-age insurance will also be in a growing trend. The false accounts of occupational annuities are accounted for according to the investment return rate of real accounts. These two bookkeeping interest rates are published every year, which brings some pressure to the income of occupational annuity investment and operation. To sum up, we can know that enterprise annuity and occupational annuity are different in mode, manager and social attention. Legal objectivity:
Article 1 of the Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China
Employees shall participate in the basic old-age insurance, and both the employer and the employees shall pay the basic old-age insurance premium.
individual industrial and commercial households without employees, part-time employees who have not participated in the basic old-age insurance in the employer and other flexible employees can participate in the basic old-age insurance, and individuals pay the basic old-age insurance premium.
The measures for endowment insurance for civil servants and staff managed by reference to the Civil Service Law shall be formulated by the State Council.