How to learn financial management from scratch
First, making money first is the premise of all wealth. Work hard and accumulate wealth. When salary is the only source of income, try to make career planning. 1. Good career planning can double your salary. 2. You can consider English, accounting, design, programming and other training to make yourself more valuable. 3. Work hard and gain more skills at work, which will be useful to you in the future. 4. Learn knowledge, exercise skills you lack, see strange world and make good friends. Second, learn to save money, analyze your financial situation, and find out where you can save money and where you need to spend money. 1. Bookkeeping. From the beginning of bookkeeping, I have a preliminary understanding of my income and expenses. In the absence of moonlight, I analyze my own consumption. Through analysis, I can make clear which expenses are unnecessary and which can be reduced, so that I can pay attention to them in the next cycle and achieve the effect of saving money. Saving money is not to make you stingy, but to control the unlocking to an acceptable level. 2. Compulsory savings. Monthly fixed income 10% deposited in the bank. Don't underestimate this small deposit. If you are not a rich second generation, many a mickle makes you have the first bucket of gold in your life. Save money for a rainy day. It can be used to deal with emergencies, which can be cash or demand, and the requirement is to realize cash quickly. And constantly enrich it until it reaches the daily expenses of 6 months. It can guarantee that you can live a normal life without income for half a year for some reason. Third, the skill reserve before investment includes deposits and the knowledge and skill reserve of financial management. 1. Understand the advantages and disadvantages of credit cards, time deposits and savings cards. 2. Understand the thresholds, risks and investment technologies of various wealth management products. You can make virtual investment online, or try some low-threshold financial management methods such as Yu 'ebao first, so as to enter the financial management door. 3. Gradually save money and start to manage money in units of 1,000 yuan. In the future, there will be more funds and tens of thousands of financial management. 4. We can start with the safest money fund, bank financing and national debt. Understand these financial terms before investing. 1. Fixed income and expected income have fixed results, that is, the due income is fixed, and the fixed income is consistent with the actual due income, that is, if the fixed income is 9.6%, the actual due income is 9.6%. "Expected income" is not the actual income due to wealth management products, but a valuation of the final rate of return by financial institutions at the initial stage of the issuance of wealth management products, and the actual income is uncertain. That is, the fixed income is certain and fixed, and the expected income is only an estimate and uncertain. 2. Closing period This is what we often call "T+0", "T+ 1" and "T+2". "T" refers to the expiration date of the product, and "0, 1 2" refers to the time when the investor's principal and income arrive, that is, the liquidation period. It should be noted that capital is "zero income" during the liquidation period, so the longer the liquidation period, the greater the interest loss. 3. Annual rate of return and annualized rate of return Annual rate of return refers to the actual rate of return after one year of investment. But many people confuse the annual rate of return with the annualized rate of return. The annualized rate of return is variable, which is calculated by converting the current rate of return (daily rate of return, weekly rate of return and monthly rate of return) into adult rate of return. For a simple example, a 90-day bank wealth management product has an annualized rate of return of 5% and an investment of 65,438+10,000. The actual maturity income is100000 * 5% * 90/365 =1232.87 instead of 5000 yuan. 4. compound interest. Compound interest is to add the principal and interest together and calculate the next interest. For example, the investment is 5,000 yuan, with an annual interest rate of 6%, 5,300 yuan a year and 56 18 yuan in the second year. But compound interest calculation needs long-term investment to bring rich benefits. 5. The capital preservation ratio is the proportion of principal guarantee that investors can get when the product expires. For example, for a structured wealth management product of a bank, the specification stipulates that the product's capital preservation ratio is 80%, which means that the due principal may lose 20%. Therefore, it should be noted that when choosing wealth management products, we must clearly see the types of income and the proportion of capital preservation, and do not blindly listen to the sales staff's propaganda on income. 5. Understand these financial instruments and choose the one that suits you. 1. national debt: guaranteed by national credit, with higher income than bank deposits and high security. There is basically no risk, but there are too many people to buy, so we have to grab it. 2. Money Fund: It is also a low-risk wealth management product with high security and higher efficiency than bank deposits. 3. Corporate/corporate bonds: The risk is also low, the yield is higher than that of deposits and government bonds, and the flexibility is good, but it is not suitable for short-term investment because of the risk of price fluctuation. 4. Public Offering of Fund: There are many kinds, which can meet the needs of investors with different risk preferences, investment duration and liquidity preferences. 5. Bank wealth management: Fixed-income bank wealth management products, with higher yield than deposits and national debt, have higher safety, but they must be held until maturity and are suitable for one-year investment. However, the starting point is relatively high, starting at 50 thousand, 6.5438+10 thousand or 300 thousand. 6. Gold: It has always been regarded as a tool to preserve and increase value, but it still has certain risks and its liquidity is OK. If you want to invest, you should pay attention to risks and choose the right time. 7. Insurance: Insurance is mainly to prevent risks. As an investment, it has a long term and poor flexibility. Six. General rules of financial management. Law 432 1- Rational distribution of family assets 432 1 means that 40% of family income is used for housing supply and other investments, 30% for family living expenses, 20% for bank deposits for emergencies, and 10% for insurance. 2.72 Law-The law of compound interest calculation does not get back the interest, and the interest rolls on the deposit. The time required to double the principal is equal to 72 divided by the annual rate of return. For example, if you deposit 65,438+million yuan in the bank, the annual interest rate is 2%, and the annual interest is rolling, how many years can it change to 200,000 yuan? The answer is 36 years. Rule 3.80-How much investment risk can you bear? How much investment risk can you bear? The reasonable proportion of high-risk investment in total assets is 80 minus age plus a percent sign (%). For example, at the age of 30, stocks can account for 50% of total assets, and at the age of 50, 30% is more appropriate. However, whether to make high-risk investment should be judged according to the actual situation of individuals and families, and can be adjusted appropriately. 4. Law 3 1- Calculate the mortgage amount clearly. The monthly mortgage amount should not exceed one-third of the family's total income in that month. Otherwise you will feel short of money, and once you encounter unexpected expenses, you will be short of money. Life needs to be planned and money needs to be taken care of! Before the age of 30, money was earned by both hands. From the age of 20 to 30, it is time to make money and save money. After the age of 30, the importance of investment and financial management has gradually increased. When people reach middle age, how to make money is not important. At this time, how to manage money is even more important.