Horizontal projects refer to projects entrusted by governments at all levels, government functional departments, enterprises, institutions and social organizations. (except those that have been confirmed as national projects, provincial and ministerial projects and university-level projects), including scientific research, technical research, decision-making demonstration, design planning, software development, etc. The horizontal project is an important way for the school to expand its external relations, serve local economic construction and improve the level and popularity of scientific research.

The undertaker of the extended data application document does not have a vertical project signed by the unit, and the undertaker transfers its sub-projects or outsourced funds, which is generally treated as a horizontal project.

Because horizontal projects are not mainly released by government departments (or entrusted by government departments), they are widely available and easy to obtain. Therefore, although their research content may be closer to the social needs and more research funds, in the scientific research evaluation system, the weight value of horizontal projects is often significantly lower than that of vertical projects.

Vertical science and technology project

Vertical science and technology projects refer to various plans (plans) and fund projects approved by higher-level science and technology departments or institutions, including:

(1) national project. Generally refers to the projects issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Social Science Foundation of China);

(2) provincial and ministerial projects. Generally, it refers to the projects issued by the Provincial Science and Technology Department, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Finance Department and the Natural Science Foundation Committee, as well as ministerial-level projects issued by other ministries except the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance;

(3) Municipal and provincial bureau-level projects. Generally refers to municipal projects and provincial and bureau-level projects.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Horizontal Theme