After teachers called him a liar and "Lu Xiao science and technology made people laugh", Lu Xiao science and technology also experienced a sharp drop, with a drop of about 20%.
Shares, snowballs, everyone has their own views and arguments.
But no one in the industry came out to say this, which is a bit magical.
Watching the excitement outside the line, what non-professionals say, everyone should have some judgments.
The development and progress of modern science has actually reached a level that is difficult for ordinary people to understand. If you don't believe me, look at the following formula of the "standard model":
If you don't understand this standard model, the third generation semiconductor, you can't even get started.
I wonder if the teachers understand this.
0 1
First, introduce the third generation semiconductor.
1. Conductor and semiconductor
According to quantum mechanics, atoms that make up matter are composed of nucleus and electrons, and electrons move outside the nucleus in the form of electron orbits.
When atoms and atoms make up an object, there will be many identical electrons mixed together. This mixing process is a chemical reaction, forming chemical bonds and producing new molecules.
But two identical electrons cannot stay in an orbit. In order to prevent these electrons from fighting in one orbit, many orbits are split into several orbits.
However, if so many orbits are accidentally close together, they will be crowded together to form a wide orbit, which is called energy band.
Some wide tracks are packed with electrons, unable to move, and macroscopically insulated. This is the so-called price band.
Some orbits are empty, electrons move freely in many spaces, and they are conductive on the macro level. This is called conduction band.
Solids are full of valence bands and conduction bands, and there is often a gap between them, which is called forbidden band.
The conduction band is very close to the valence band, so it is easy for electrons to change lanes from the valence band to the conduction band, which is the conductor.
If it is a little farther away, the electron itself cannot cross the forbidden band, but if it is not too far away and the forbidden band is within 5ev, then the electron can also cross the forbidden band with extra energy, which is a semiconductor.
If the forbidden band is greater than 5ev, it is basically forced to eat. Under normal circumstances, electrons cannot cross it. This is an insulator.
Of course, there are exceptions to everything. If the energy is large enough, not to mention the forbidden band of 5ev, even the forbidden band of 5000ev can be rushed over. This is called breakdown field strength (this thing is very important, don't believe it).
Of course, the wider the forbidden band, the higher the breakdown field strength.
The higher the breakdown field strength, the more resistant to grass.
2. The third generation semiconductor
Don't be scared by the third generation, haha.
The third generation semiconductor, strictly speaking, is called wide band gap semiconductor, that is, the band gap is wider than the current silicon-based semiconductor.
According to the different energy band structures of semiconductor materials, if the band gap is less than 2.3ev, it is a narrow band gap semiconductor, and the representative materials are GaAs, Si, Ge and InP (some readers may not know chemistry, but these materials are translated into gallium arsenide, silicon, germanium and indium phosphide in Chinese).
If the band gap is greater than 2.3ev, it is called wide band gap semiconductor, and the representative materials are: GaN, SiC, AlN, AlGaN (Chinese name: gallium nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, aluminum gallium nitride).
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the larger the band gap of a semiconductor, the greater the energy required for its electrons to transition to the conduction band.
Hehe, of course, the greater the breakdown field strength, it means that the material can withstand higher temperature and voltage.
Therefore, wide band gap semiconductors have nothing to do with integrated circuits, that is, logic chips.
The core of logic chip is how to make the transistor smaller, that is, improve the process.
Power electronic devices and lasers have to withstand higher voltage, current, frequency and temperature, and then have less power loss before they can be applied in various harsh environments and high-power environments.
Thinking about how to resist grass.
Therefore, the wide band gap semiconductor can display its talents in power electronic devices and laser generators.
At present, the two promising materials are silicon carbide and gallium nitride, and other materials are difficult to grow.
Silicon carbide is mainly used in power devices, and now it is most popular in electric vehicles, because it can reduce power loss and improve the battery life of electric vehicles.
If silicon carbide is used in photovoltaic and wind power generation in the future, it can also improve power generation efficiency and reduce power cost.
Therefore, in such an era of electrification driven by politicians, its demand is very urgent.
Gallium nitride is mainly used in microwave devices, such as RF chips of 5G base stations, otherwise the effect will be poor.
Especially for military electromagnetic countermeasures, gallium nitride is needed to improve the unit microwave power.
In the 5G era, gallium nitride is indispensable.
02
Is Xiao Lou a big pit?
In China, there are mainly three schools that study wide band gap semiconductors, namely Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Silicate of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shandong University. The main research direction is the crystal growth of wide band gap semiconductor substrate.
Because the most primitive and difficult thing in this industry is the manufacture of substrate pieces.
Just like a silicon-based semiconductor, if there is no silicon chip, what about making a chip?
These three schools began to study in the 1990s, and the starting time was not much different from that of foreign countries. Interested readers can search their own papers.
The Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences is led by Chen Xiaolong, and the enterprise that established Industry-University-Research transformation is Tian Kehe Da.
The company withdrew its IPO last year, which is somewhat strange.
Rumor has it that Chen Xiaolong has escaped.
The owner of Tiankeheda is Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the controlling party is Tianfu Group, and the shadow stock of A shares is Tianfu Energy controlled by Tianfu Group, accounting for 65,438+00.66%.
Shandong University is led by Xu Xiangang, and the enterprise in Industry-University-Research is Tian Yue, Shandong.
The original leader was Xu Xiangang's teacher, Academician Jiang. It's a pity that this eldest brother died 20 1 1, and he died before he finished his work. Science is really a burning profession.
Here, I would like to extend my high respect to the leaders!
Tian Yue participated in the listing counseling some time ago, and I believe I will meet you in the A-share market soon.
Everyone's enthusiasm for him is also high. Only 2% of Zhezhong shares have been topped by funds.
The leader of Shanghai Institute of Silicate, Chinese Academy of Sciences is Chen.
Before the Battle of Chen, he worked in a golden world. Later, in May of 20 years, he followed Lu Xiao Science and Technology.
This Lu Xiao technology is the latest stock. It's very hot.
After doubling, the teacher who came out from the media a few days ago came out on WeChat official account, Tik Tok and other platforms and said that this is a hot-selling liar company.
You must have your own judgment. You should know that these teachers are not insiders, and they probably don't know technology, just looking at second-hand information.
In the past, Lu Xiao Science and Technology pursued hot spots, and its investment in lithium batteries and photovoltaics also failed.
But that doesn't mean his management is bad.
The original main business of Lu Xiao Science and Technology is enamelled wire, which is a traditional industry as we all know, and the competition is very fierce. Of course, the management also knows that there is no future.
Seeking transformation, to some extent, shows that management is enterprising.
But the transformation is very difficult, and it is not so simple to set foot in an unknown field.
Coal bosses in Shanxi know this headache best.
Everyone who makes a first-level investment knows that a good project in a hot industry is a gadget that needs various relationships and resources. Can you invest in that thing with money in your hand?
But if you don't invest in a powerful company, you are likely to be killed by your father.
The mistakes made in the low tide, such as Gaolin's vote for Tencent and Duan Yongping's vote for Netease, are all difficult moves and legends, which need the cooperation of time, place and people. This kind of opportunity is not only rare, but also difficult to grasp.
Silicon carbide was not very popular in the past, because the commercial application field did not come out.
Chen Xiaolong once revealed in an interview with the media that Tiankeheda had no profit for more than 10 years after its establishment, which brought great pressure to investors and teams.
Corey, supported by the U.S. military, couldn't stand 20 16 even with a military father, and wanted to sell the company to Infineon.
In the field of electric vehicles, in 2020, during the special epidemic, people still doubt whether they will face death after the subsidy is refunded.
At that time, someone specially wrote "Predicting an Electric Dad to Escape" to be bearish.
Then think about it, the best application scenario of silicon carbide devices at present is the same as last year. Who will pay more attention to silicon carbide?
At that time, the hot topic was the domestic substitution of power devices, namely silicon-based IGBT and MOSFET, Starr semiconductor and new clean energy.
Therefore, in the past 20 years, technology has found the battle of Chen, which may be somewhat different from previous investments.
The domestic silicon carbide substrate is still limited to the application of diodes, and the chip quality mainly comes from the substrate, so almost all domestic SiC devices come from abroad.
At present, four-inch silicon carbide films are well made by Tian Kehe Da, Hebei Tongguang and Shaanxi Shuoke.
However, there are basically no six-inch mass production manufacturers (stable shipments of several hundred pieces per month).
In other words, the three major schools are still nearly as bad as each other, and they all need to break through. Otherwise, how could Huawei invest in Tiankeheda and Shandong Tian Yue together?
At this stage, whoever can take the lead in breaking through will enjoy the first-Mover advantage, and with the help of the industry prosperity, realize the excess income and obtain the valuation premium of the market.
Maybe Huawei will invest when the silicon carbide substrate of Hefei Lu Xiao Semiconductor comes out.
Hefei municipal government claims to be the best venture capitalist, but people are not fools.
As for Lu Xiao's technology, there is no technology accumulation. I really don't know what to say. Brother Chen Zhizhan, his team and students have studied for more than 20 years.
Probably, in 19, the Sapphire Division of Lu Xiao Science and Technology, when contracting the silicon carbide long crystal furnace for Zhongke Steel Research, suddenly found that it was a promising industry, so it found Chen Zhizhan.
In a word, everyone should have their own judgment about Lu Xiao science and technology. There is only one core point, that is, whether the team Chen can take root and sprout.
Finally, make a summary.
King's landing believes that the best investment in silicon carbide at present should be the substrate link, with insufficient production capacity and extremely high barriers.
The enterprises of matrix mainly look at the enterprises under the three major schools in China and have been studying for more than 20 years.
According to the domestic research environment and the development of power device enterprises, other teams simply can't get a piece of the action.
Material technology is accumulated, burning people and time, but also burning money.
Now that the industry is hot, it is impossible to start research and development in a short time.
The two research institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the team of Academician Jiang of Shandong University are certainly the richest in scientific research resources, but they say that the pressure is great and it is not easy for other teams to apply for scientific research funds.
Lu Xiao Science and Technology said that trial production can be started in September, and mass production will be completed by the end of the year, and it will be 6 inches. With the battle of Chen, this should not be bragging.
Once the substrate is really mass-produced at the end of the year, it will be the domestic leader. With the popularity of domestic science and technology funds, there will naturally be mysterious oriental valuation forces.
In the field of wide band gap semiconductors, the whole world is still in a confused stage. Although there is a gap between us and the United States, it is not that big.
Especially in its main application fields, new energy power generation, new energy vehicles, 5G communication, aerospace and electromagnetic countermeasures, our country is the largest application market and manufacturer, especially photovoltaic, wind power, electric vehicles and 5G.
Technological progress is still driven by economic interests, and the demand of industry plays the greatest role in technological progress.
Therefore, at present, the investment in broadband gap semiconductors is promising, and it is very likely that a global leader will be born in China. Is there much room for imagination?
As for gallium nitride and other materials, as well as epitaxy, device design and manufacturing, the industry is rising, and there must be great opportunities. King's Landing will continue to output in subsequent articles, leading readers to completely solve this field.