Level 0: Are the names of scientists or their contributions written in the textbooks of primary and secondary schools in many advanced countries? This achievement has a fundamental role in promoting the whole human civilization. They are so basic that they will even be written into primary and secondary school textbooks. Newton, Darwin, Einstein, Bohr and Heisenberg are all obvious examples. The equivalent standard of this level is to cause the change of mainstream philosophy.
1 grade: the names of scientists appear in popular science in many advanced countries, and such achievements have a wide social impact or are the objects of social concern.
Level 2: The names of scientists appear in university textbooks in many advanced countries.
The third level: the name of the scientist appears in the text or substantive citation of a monograph in a certain field around the world. Monographs are generally a summary of recognized important achievements in a certain field, and their professional level is higher than textbooks.
Level 4: Does the scientist's name appear in the paper body or substantive citation of the top five publications in the world? According to this standard, if a researcher has only published a paper in a first-class journal, but has not been substantially cited, he cannot enter the fourth grade.
Grade 5: The names of scientists appear in the texts or substantive references of 6-50 journals in this field.
Grade 6: The names of scientists appear in the text or substantive references of papers published in the world after 50 years in this field.
Grade 7: The name of the scientist appears in the list of authors of papers published in the later period of 1-50 in the world.
Grade 8: The name of the scientist appears in the list of authors of papers published in the world 50 years later.
Grade 9: Does the scientist's name appear in the main body of the paper or in the substantive citation of local professional journals? The so-called local professional journals refer to those that are not widely circulated internationally. For example, a periodical in China.
Grade 10: The name of the scientist appears in the list of paper authors in local professional journals.