"Trader" will sort out a series of introductory teaching about "fund investment", hoping to help novice citizens to further understand and master the basic knowledge of fund investment.
What is a fund? Fund (English: Fund), in simple terms, the fund operation is to pool the funds of a group of people (investors), and then professionals (fund managers) will centrally manage the investment, and diversify the investment in stocks, bonds, commodities or other assets according to the established investment objectives, thus creating a higher return on investment.
Because the fund brings together a large amount of funds from investors, the targets and methods that fund managers can invest are more flexible. Therefore, for investors, funds are a relatively low-risk investment method.
Compared with direct investment in stocks and bonds, the essence of funds is an indirect investment. In other words, your investment money is not bought by yourself, but by the fund manager. Fund is essentially a trust relationship.
Stock: represents a kind of equity, enjoying the operating dividends of listed companies, with higher returns and greater risks.
Bond: represents a kind of creditor's right, and the income is agreed in advance, so the income is low, the interest is not affected by the operation, and the risk is small.
Fund: represents a trust relationship and entrusts professionals (fund managers) to manage your finances. The amount of income is influenced by the economic ability of professionals. Generally speaking, the income is less than that of stocks, but greater than that of bonds. Accordingly, the risk is less than that of stocks and greater than that of bonds.
How to buy a fund? With the development of Internet technology and the popularity of smart devices, it is very convenient for ordinary investors to buy funds now. When you want to invest in a fund, you can buy it through three main channels: fund company direct sales, banks and third-party consignment agencies.
1. fund company direct sales
Investors can directly log on to the website of the fund company to purchase the corresponding fund varieties. This kind of purchase means that the fund rate may be relatively favorable. The disadvantage is that only the funds issued by the company can be purchased on the website of the fund company, which limits the choice of investors.
These fund companies include China Merchants Fund, Huaxia Fund, Huitianfu Fund, Bosera Fund, E Fund, ICBC Credit Suisse Fund, Huitianfu Fund and harvest fund.
2. Major commercial banks
Buying funds through bank channels is the choice of early citizens, and it is also the most accessible channel for most people offline. However, there are corresponding fund products on the apps developed by major banks. However, due to the poor APP experience of most banks, it has hindered the public's enthusiasm for buying to some extent. At the same time, it should be noted that the subscription rate of banks is more expensive than other channels.
3. Third party organizations
In recent years, the rapid development of industries in Public Offering of Fund has a great relationship with the rise of third-party organizations. With the advantages of traffic, digital operation and services, third-party consignment agencies have reached a wider range of groups, bringing more funds and vitality to the fund industry.
These well-known third-party organizations are Tian Tian Fund, Good Buy Fund, Mi Ying Fund, Straight Flush Fund, Egg Roll Fund under Snowball, Tencent An Teng Fund and Ant Fund.
Advantages and disadvantages of investment funds
I think the most important advantages of investment funds are two points:
Advantages 1: Save research and management time.
If you have spare money and have no time to study investment, investment funds are equivalent to paying professionals to help manage funds.
Advantage 2: Get a wider range of investment targets.
There are many kinds of funds, and you can easily get in touch with stocks, bonds, commodities and even real estate in various countries. Generally, other investment methods are difficult to diversify investment like funds.
Of course, there are always good and bad things, and investment funds are no exception.
Disadvantages of investment funds Disadvantages 1: Low control over investment.
In the final analysis, it is to give money to others to manage, so you will give up some control and lack confidence if you relax.
Disadvantage 2: the transaction cost is relatively high.
Compared with its own operation, the fund has additional subscription fees, fund management fees and other expenses.
Of course, the advantages and disadvantages of everything vary from person to person, and will also change with the growth of age and different living conditions.
For example, a boss with a monthly income of one million probably has no time to study investment, so he would rather pay more management fees for people to invest and save his time.
Another example is the petty bourgeoisie office workers who work nine to five. When he has less money but more time, he may prefer to operate by himself instead of investing through funds.
How high is the return on fund investment? Because each fund and the managed fund manager have different investment styles and strategies, we generally explain the fund's rate of return from the following indicators.
Generally speaking, the period to measure the return of a fund is usually 3-5 years or 5- 10 years. The following data give you a general idea of the yield of long-term investment funds.
From the above data, we can see that if the cycle is extended, the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index does not outperform the partial stock and partial debt fund indexes, which further proves the view that "ordinary people are not as good at investing in stocks as investment funds".