China tourism academic circles have always put the practice and theoretical summary of western tourism development in an important position, paid attention to the comprehensive research of multi-discipline and interdisciplinary, and put forward many theoretical innovations. China's mountainous areas account for only two-thirds of its land area, and most of them are concentrated in the western region. The study on the sustainable development of mountain tourism is one of the major topics of the overall social and economic development of the country, the social economy, ecological construction and protection in the western region, and the sustainable economic development in the western region, and it is also one of the important outlets for residents in the ten western provinces to run towards a well-off life. The tourist destination in the western mountainous area is the most prominent area that has not been destroyed at present and basically maintains the original natural ecology. It is also one of the important cornerstones for the sustainable development of the western region and even the whole country. Xishan Scenic Area is the essence of western tourism, and it is also the characteristic tourist base and tourist boutique of China in the future.

[Keywords:]: sustainable development of mountain resorts

1980, the United Nations proposed to the world that "it is necessary to study the basic relationship among nature, society, ecology and economy and the process of utilizing natural resources to ensure global development". 1983, the United Nations Commission on Environment and Development (WECD) put forward the strategy of "sustainable development" in the article "Our Common Future" and adopted the declaration of "2 1 Century Agenda". After that, many countries formulated the 2 1 century sustainable development agenda, put forward the sustainable development problems of various industries, and formulated relevant policies. From 65438 to 0980, the World Tourism Declaration adopted by the World Tourism Organization in the Philippines has put forward that "all tourism resources … all countries and the whole international community must take measures to protect them". Since 1990, the Globe'90 international conference held in Canada has comprehensively expounded the goal of sustainable development of tourism, and the core point is to ensure that the possibility of future generations developing tourism to meet their tourism needs will not be damaged while engaging in tourism development. At the same time, scientific research can be said to involve the sustainable development of tourism earlier and more comprehensively. For example, 197 1, Lime and Stankey studied the tourism environment and capacity, 1986, Co.pearce and I.J.Lindsay discussed the tourism environment and development of American tourist coasts and national parks in terms of industry and environment. However, only a few western authors have studied the representative experience of national mountain ecotourism, such as the World Tourism Environment Research Center (WTTERC) in Oxford, England, summed up and popularized the methods to realize the sustainable development of tourism, promoted the prosperity of tourism and environment, and mentioned the development of mountain tourism.

China tourism academic circles have always put the practice and theoretical summary of western tourism development in an important position, paid attention to the comprehensive research of multi-discipline and interdisciplinary, and put forward many theoretical innovations. For example, Professor Chen believes that the purpose of sustainable development is to seek harmony between development and environment, between contemporary people and the next generation, and within contemporary people, that is, fairness between people and environment, between people and nature, between people and generations. For the development and reproduction of mankind, generations have the responsibility for nature and sustainable development. The construction of sustainable development involves the level of human understanding, the ability to achieve sustainable development and the ability of self-control.

First, the significance of the study on the sustainable development of mountain tourist destinations in western China;

1, and "mountainous area" in a broad sense includes hills, mountains and plateaus. In a narrow sense, mountains refer to low mountains, middle mountains and high mountains. China's mountainous areas account for only two-thirds of its land area, and most of them are concentrated in the western region. The study on the sustainable development of mountain tourism is one of the major topics of the overall social and economic development of the country, the social economy, ecological construction and protection in the western region, and the sustainable economic development in the western region, and it is also one of the important outlets for residents in the ten western provinces to run towards a well-off life.

2. Western mountain tourist destinations are the main components of western tourist destinations:

Western mountain tourist destinations refer to tourist destinations with mountains, mountains, canyons and volcanoes as the main landform types. They include: five of the nine places in the west in the world cultural and natural heritage list; 40 of the 58 national forest parks in the west; 26 of the 40 national scenic spots in the west; 16 in the list of western national nature reserves has been opened to the outside world 14 (data cut-off1999);

In addition, only 43 peaks in Tibet are open to the outside world.

At present, the western mountainous tourist destinations account for a high proportion in the whole western tourist destinations, which makes them particularly prominent in social, economic and ecological development.

3. The tourist destination in the western mountainous area is the best area that has not been destroyed at present and basically maintains the original natural ecology. It is also one of the important cornerstones for the sustainable development of the western region and even the whole country.

The existing natural forest system in China is concentrated in Tianshan, Altai and Qilian Mountains in the northwest, Hengduan Mountain in the southwest and the mountainous areas around Sichuan Basin in the west.

The western mountainous forest resources account for two-thirds of the country, which is the real "green lung" of China. Moreover, the mountain system and forest system in the west are intertwined, which is the source area of rivers, an important recharge area of rivers in China, and the "heart" of river arteries in China. Western mountain scenic spots are concentrated in the core areas of mountain system and forest system, and most of them are distributed in the mountains and other geographical boundaries where the first and second steps meet in China. Their sustainable development is not only related to the social, economic and ecological sustainable development of the ten western provinces, but also related to the sustainable development of the whole country, and the significance of studying it is also here.

4. The western mountainous area is the essence of western tourism. The original and magical western mountainous area is the treasure house of China tourism resources, and it is also the characteristic tourism base and tourism boutique of China in the future.

The mountain system itself is a symbol of the complex interaction between the internal and external forces of the earth, and the magical power of the axe has created the diversity of geological and geomorphological landscapes. Due to the vertical zonal distribution of soil, vegetation, biology and climate systems, mountain systems, especially the border mountains in China's topographic regions, often have the transition of east-west or north-south natural environment, which not only presents the diversity and particularity of ecology and species, but also creates the diversity and particularity of biological landscape, hydrological landscape and climate landscape.

Mountain is the last treasure of the global village left by human beings in the land March. There are different nationalities gathered around. China's national conditions also prove that mountain tourist areas are also areas where different ethnic groups gather, so there are diversity and uniqueness of ethnic and folk landscapes, and rich and colorful cultural landscapes. The superior combination of natural and humanistic tourism resources and the lofty realm of "harmony between man and nature" will surely become an important destination for future world tourism.

Second, the basic ideas and methods of tourism destination research in western mountainous areas:

The western region has great tourism potential, which is the strategic reserve base of China's tourism productivity and the main battlefield for China to become a world tourism power in 2 1 century. Western mountain tourism is the characteristic and key point of western tourism, and it is the key to the sustainable development of western tourism.

(A) the basic idea of research:

1. Western mountain tourism is the combination of western characteristic economy, ecological economy and green economy, and it is the focus of western tourism development.

National scenic spots, national forest parks, world heritage sites, opened national nature reserves and peaks open to the outside world are the main tourist destinations in the western region, accounting for about two-thirds.

The social and economic development of the western region must take the road of sustainable development, not the road of extensive exploitation of resources and extensive management of agriculture and animal husbandry, but the road of "all-round well-off society" and all-round construction of ecological environment, and correctly handle the relationship between man and land. From the development and strategic layout of land resources, most of the western mountainous areas can not be cultivated for agriculture and developed for industry except valleys, plains, basins and hills. Most of them are the source of major rivers or water source protection areas in China, and they are national key ecological protection areas. Among them, the mountain tourism destination is the representative of the excellent environment in the whole mountain area and the main battlefield for the current and future tourism development.

2. The development of mountain tourism in the west conforms to the strategic thinking of the development of the central and western regions.

In June, the Central Economic Work Conference pointed out: "Grasping the opportunity to implement the strategy of developing the western region is directly related to expanding domestic demand, promoting economic growth, national unity, social stability and border defense consolidation, and directly related to the coordinated development of the eastern and western regions and the ultimate prosperity."

The western mountainous area is the skeleton of the vast northwest and southwest. Tianshan Mountain, Altai Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Qilian Mountain form the northwest skeleton. The Hengduan Mountains, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the mountains around the Sichuan Basin constitute a broad and heavy overall skeleton outline of southwest China. There are nearly 40 ethnic minorities and the poorest population in the west in these mountainous areas, which are directly concerned by the central government to get rid of poverty and become rich. Therefore, the development of mountain tourism is an important issue related to national unity, social stability and border defense consolidation.

The "key" sites of the "skeleton" of the western mountainous areas (especially the first and second terrace mountains and the main geographical boundaries in China, and a section of the river source) are mountain tourist areas that already exist or can be selected, created and cultivated in the future (world heritage sites, national scenic spots, national forest parks, open nature reserves, open peaks, etc.). ). Grasp these key points and cultivate characteristic tourism, green tourism and eco-tourism. To take the road of innovation, western tourism development must rely on the central government's decision: vigorously develop infrastructure, carry out large-scale ecological engineering construction, and vigorously optimize the industrial structure. Developing mountain tourism can drive infrastructure construction, which is the inevitable result of ecological engineering construction focus and industrial structure optimization. Mountain tourism is an inevitable choice for tourism innovation and sustainable development in western China.

(2) Basic viewpoints of the study:

1, the sustainable development of western mountain tourism must rely on the strategy of developing the western region implemented by the central government.

Good policies of the central authorities. The development of mountain tourism must be combined with poverty alleviation and comprehensive realization of a well-off society; It must be combined with the optimization of industrial structure, infrastructure construction and ecological engineering construction in the west.

2. The sustainable development of western tourism should focus on the sustainable development of mountain tourism. Mountain tourism is one of the key points of county economic development in western China.

3. Western mountain tourism should be based on world-class and national resource brands, highlighting regional and national characteristics.

It is a necessary condition for the sustainable development of the western region to make full use of the corresponding law of supply and demand structure between tourist destinations and tourist destinations to create characteristic tourism in different regions of the western region. The development of western mountain tourism is the source and choice of western tourism innovation.

4. The development of western mountain tourism must be combined with green tourism and eco-tourism, and must be perpendicular to protection.

Focusing on the ecological environment of spectrum and species genetic diversity is the only way for the sustainable development of tourism in western China.

The west of China is the center of Eurasia. In history, there are not only the Northern Silk Road that runs through the desert cultural area in the northwest, but also the Qishan folk custom area in the southwest that runs through the Southern Silk Road, and even the third-class Tibetan cultural area in the world. The near-earth international market is mainly Eurasian market. The tourist destination in western mountainous areas is the node on these international market channels, which has bright prospects and historical and geographical basis for sustainable social and economic development.

(C) the basic methods of research

1. The sustainable development of mountain tourism in western China should be studied according to four major tourist areas: Northwest China, Yunnan-Guizhou, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Sichuan Basin. At the same time, we should study the sustainable development of tourism according to the different attributes of world heritage sites, national scenic spots, national forest parks and national nature reserves, and also study the sustainable development according to the combination of mountain tourism in ten western provinces (cities) and national tourism. That is, from three levels to study their different characteristics and planning objectives, different development and protection strategies, different development ideas and priorities, different policy measures.

2. Mountain tourism is always implemented in a county (or city), so it should be closely integrated with the local social economy and the small and medium-sized urbanization process in the foothills. The development of small and medium-sized towns in mountainous areas will absorb and migrate more agricultural population in mountainous areas and reduce the environmental load of mountain tourist areas, which is also one of the key measures to protect the ecological environment of mountain tourism. Developing small and medium-sized towns in mountainous areas is also one of the key measures to promote local economic and social development. It provides a "carrier" for mountain scenic spots, solves the problems of tourism services such as food, accommodation, transportation, entertainment, tourism and shopping, and makes the local tourism develop healthily.

3. The remoteness and dispersion of tourist destinations in western mountainous areas determine that large regional central cities must be the central cities.

Rely on; We must increase external investment and break through the bottleneck of tourism traffic; Through the construction of regional ring network traffic, a tourism regional system with unique features and theme images or a beaded linear cultural system formed by traffic trunk lines between central cities will be formed, which will create conditions for the integration of tourism production, marketing and circulation and lay the foundation for the development of tourism industrialization in western China.

4. The development of western mountain tourism must be combined with the prevention and control of mountain disasters, and there must be a special forecasting system.

Systems and prevention and control institutions should have prevention and control plans. At present, the mountain disasters in western China are quite serious and have not received due attention, which has caused great losses to the tourism industry. The prevention and control of mountain disasters in western China is one of the key measures for the sustainable development of tourism in western China.

5. The tourist destinations in western mountainous areas are mostly inhabited by ethnic minorities, with backward economy and low education level, which must be built.

Establish a humanistic ecosystem based on education and harmonious between man and land, so as to achieve the best combination of social benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits.

Main references:

(1), Tourism Sustainable Development Research Group of China Academy of Sciences, 1997, Some Problems and Countermeasures of China's Tourism Sustainable Development.

(2) Guo Laixi, 1996, "China 2 1 Century Agenda" and the Western Development, contained in "Study on the Economic Development Strategy of Western China".

(3) State Planning Commission, State Science and Technology Commission, etc. , 1994, China 2 1 century agenda.

(4) Lu, 1996, Study on Sustainable Development of Ecotourism, Economic Geography,16 (1):106-12.

(5) Lu Lin footballer, Study on the Life Cycle of Mountain Tourist Destinations, Geographical Science, 17 (1): 63-69.

(6) Chen, 2002,:>, Sichuan Science and Technology Press, Xinjiang Science and Technology Health Press.

(7) Liu Feng's book: "Study on the Tourism Development Strategy of Western China", China Tourism Publishing House.

(8) Tao Wei: Research on Sustainable Tourism Development in China [World Heritage], China Tourism Publishing House.

(9) Yuan: < Guo Hong; , Guangdong Tourism Publishing House

(10) China National Tourism Administration, Tenth Five-year Plan for Tourism Development in China and Outline of Long-term Goals for 20 15 and 2020 ● Local chapter, China National Tourism Administration Press.

(1 1), China National Tourism Administration, The Tenth Five-Year Plan for Tourism Development in China and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 20 15 and 2020, China National Tourism Administration Press.

(12), China National Tourism Administration, Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Tourism Development in China and Long-term Goals for 20 15 and 2020, China National Tourism Administration Press.

(13), Tourism Planning and Development of Planning and Statistics Department of National Tourism Administration.

(14), compilation of information of ecotourism seminar, Planning and Statistics Department of National Tourism Administration.

(15), Sustainable Development of Tourism-A Guide to Local Tourism Planning, Tourism Education Press.

(16), Report of the Secretary-General on Sustainable Tourism Development, Commission on Sustainable Development as the Preparatory Committee for the Organizational Session of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, 30 April-2 May 2006.

(17), Quebec eco-tourism declaration

(18), comprehensive method of resort development, Madrid:

Wto, 1992

(19), Pamela White, 1997, Ecotourism Adaptation Spectrum: Does Supply Match Demand? Tourism Management, 18(4):209-220

(20)、R.C.Buckley， 1997； Araujo, Performance of Tourism Environmental Management, Yearbook of Tourism Research, 24(2):465-469

Since 1980s, the world tourism industry has developed rapidly, and its output value ranks third in the world, second only to the oil and steel industries. With the deepening of reform and opening up, the state has increased investment in the development and construction of tourism resources, and gradually introduced some national resorts, tourist cities and scenic spots. At the same time, with the improvement of people's living standards and the implementation of legal holidays such as National Day and May Day in day five, it has brought prosperity to the tourism industry. A good tourism environment is an important factor for the healthy and sustainable development of tourism and an important symbol of the degree of social civilization [1].

1. Problems in the current tourism environment

Faced with the rapid development of tourism, some tourists are quite optimistic and addicted to the joy of rapid growth, but through the aura and calm observation, it is not difficult to find many shocking problems.

Backward tourism concept

First, "smokeless industry" is misleading, thinking that "tourism is smokeless industry and will not pollute the environment like other industries". However, it is not difficult to find that tourism, as an industry, will also produce various wastes by carefully examining the environmental effects of tourism development and tourism activities. Tourism not only emits traditional industrial waste, but also produces "tourism public hazards", which is a fatal threat to a tourist area. Like my hometown Taishan, every tourist season, a large number of tourists flood in, and the garbage discarded by the letter hand brings great harm to the local environment.

The second is the misleading of "low input and high output". It is believed that "tourism is an industry with less investment, quick results and high output." They ignore the consumption of environmental resources, underestimate the level of tourism costs and exaggerate the newly created value of the environment [2].

Third, the misleading of "tourism resources are renewable resources". It is believed that tourism consumption is only spiritual consumption and does not pose a threat to it. In fact, tourism activities also consume or even destroy or destroy tourism and environmental resources. Red phosphorus fish on the back of Mount Tai has always been a specialty of Mount Tai, but due to the continuous influx of tourists in recent years, it has caused irreparable losses to the environment of red phosphorus fish, and now there are few red phosphorus fish. Li Jianwu's "Climbing Mount Tai in the Rain" used to make people think, but now it is not as good as before. The Hushan Reservoir described in this paper is no longer majestic, waterfalls no longer exist in rainy season, and water pollution is serious. On the one hand, it is the result of direct sewage discharge from surrounding hotels and restaurants, and on the other hand, it is a "masterpiece" of low-quality tourists.

The backwardness of tourism management.

Tourism is a comprehensive industry involving many departments. The research on it needs the integration of many disciplines, and the management of its development also needs coordination. There are still many problems. First, the management system. In the process of tourism development, the management department exists in name only and cannot play its due role. Second, the legislation is imperfect and there is no basis for the management of tourist areas. The third is bureaucracy, and the will of the chief executive of the tourist area is questionable. The extension project of Taishan cableway has always been a controversial topic. Although the Zhongtianmen ropeway should be demolished according to the relevant regulations of the State Council, the demolition work has been delayed for a long time with the acquiescence of local leaders because its affiliated enterprise is a big profit and tax earner in Tai 'an.

With the development of tourism, the problems of tourism resources and ecological environment are becoming more and more prominent and acute. However, resources and environment are the basis of tourism, so the solution of this contradiction has led to the emergence of eco-tourism.

2. The rise of ecotourism

The problems existing in traditional tourism make people think further. Should we persist or give up? Once eco-tourism was put forward, it was immediately responded by the whole world.

Ecotourism was first proposed by CeballasLascurain, a special consultant of IUCN, in 1983 [3]. In the past ten years, the development of ecotourism is undoubtedly successful, with an average annual growth rate of 20%? 5%, which is the fastest growing part of tourism products. But so far, there is no clear definition of ecotourism, but people's views are quite consistent.

First, eco-tourism must first protect tourism resources. Eco-tourism is a kind of sustainable tourism.

Second, in the process of eco-tourism, we can liberate our body and mind and improve our ecological awareness. Compared with traditional tourism, the characteristics of ecotourism are: (1) The destinations of ecotourism are well-protected natural and cultural ecosystems, and participants can get unique experiences, which are primitive and unique. (2) Eco-tourism emphasizes the miniaturization of tourism scale and limits it to an affordable range, which is not only beneficial to the quality of tourists' sightseeing, but also will not cause great damage to tourism. (3) Eco-tourism can let tourists participate in it personally, and understand the mystery of eco-tourism in practical experience, so as to love nature more and protect natural and cultural resources. (4) Eco-tourism is a kind of responsible tourism, and these responsibilities include the protection of tourism resources and the sustainable development of tourism. Because these characteristics of ecotourism can meet the needs of tourism demand and tourism supply, the rise of ecotourism is possible.

In a word, with its own characteristics, eco-tourism caters to the needs of tourism, conforms to the trend of the times, and presents a rapid development momentum.

3. Management measures in the development of ecotourism.

Planning objectives The basic goal of ecotourism development is to protect the environment and resources. The development of eco-tourism destination depends on high-grade and good ecological environment, and the planning should ensure the sustainability of tourism resources utilization. The second goal is the development of the local economy in the tourist destination. Strive to promote local economic development and promote a virtuous circle of tourism resources.

At the initial stage of planning, the tourism resources of tourist destinations should be investigated and analyzed in detail, and the basic principles and specific objectives of planning should be put forward according to the demand characteristics of eco-tourism market [4]. Environmental impact assessment of construction projects includes atmospheric environmental impact assessment, water environmental impact assessment, soil environmental impact assessment, biological environmental impact assessment and comprehensive environmental impact assessment.

Implementation measures of eco-tourism

Tourist management measures

Set up basic education points. Carry out basic education on ecotourism knowledge for tourists entering ecotourism destinations. Remind tourists of their responsibilities and obligations. Control the number of tourists. At present, the biggest pollution to tourist destinations should be population pollution. The influx of tourists has brought great pressure on the environmental carrying capacity of eco-tourism destinations. Like this year's May Day visit to Mount Tai, from the TV screen, the whole Panshan Road is crowded. According to the figures released by CCTV, the number of tourists exceeds 180% of the carrying capacity. What number is this! How can we talk about ecotourism? It is necessary to significantly increase the ticket price difference between off-season and peak season, establish contact with major tour groups, and have a rough estimate of the number of tourists so as to formulate emergency measures. Fuel-powered motor vehicles are prohibited from entering the scenic spot. Vehicles that use solar energy or electric energy in tourist attractions. Mount Tai is particularly poor in this respect, and the Panshan Highway has been quickly repaired to Yuhuangding. Due to the exhaust pollution of motor vehicles, the stone carvings on the mountain are obviously affected. It is convenient for tourists, but it has caused great losses to the environment. Appropriate punishment measures. Tourists should be criticized, educated and even punished for damaging the environment.

2. Construction and management of scenic spots in tourist areas

Strengthen the management of scenic spots, plan first and then implement, and comprehensively evaluate the construction of scenic spots. It is inappropriate to build a cableway like Mount Tai. The completion of the ropeway will make the density of tourists on the mountain too high, which is not conducive to the development of tourism. Moreover, it will obviously shorten the stay time of tourists in the local area, which is not conducive to the development of the local economy. Scenic spots should be maintained at any time. Encourage local people to participate. The participation of local people can give full play to local and traditional characteristics and make ecotourism more attractive.

3. Requirements for travel agencies and tour guides

We should have the concept of guiding tourists to protect nature, tourism planners (travel agencies and planning groups) should have a clear ecological awareness, and tour leaders and tour guides should educate tourists on environmental protection in time. Choose destinations with eco-tourism conditions and avoid fragile and sensitive ecological areas. In the planning stage, we should fully listen to the opinions of regional ecological researchers and nature conservation groups. Train tour guides to understand and implement the concept of ecotourism. Try to arrange local tour guides who are familiar with local nature and culture. Try to choose hotels run by local people, and advise tourists to buy local products that do not affect the local natural environment. Guide tourists to communicate with local people and organize various public welfare activities that help protect the natural ecology.

4. Requirements of ecotourism for tourist accommodation facilities

Accommodation camp facilities in ecotourism destinations should not be located in fragile and sensitive ecological areas. The building should be simple and convenient, and don't provide unnecessary comfort and service to tourists. Accommodation facilities should be managed independently by local people to maintain the integrity of regional culture. Adopt energy-saving equipment and use energy, which will not cause adverse effects on the surrounding natural ecological environment. Provide local products-based diet (preferably green food) and tourist souvenirs. Join the regional economic, cultural and ecological protection network and strengthen the contact with the education department.

4. Conclusion

Eco-tourism is a new discipline, and its development needs the efforts of countless people of insight. In the case that the traditional tourism road is blocked, only eco-tourism can realize the sustainable development of tourism resources.

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References:

[1] qi zhou et al., 1996, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Water Treatment Technology between China and Japan. c， 168 - 172

[2] Zhang Erxun. 1996, on the role of sustainable development theory in tourism. Geography and Territorial Studies, 15(2), 80-83.

[3] Zhang Tingyi, Huang Guanzhi. 1997, Eco-tourism and its sustainable development countermeasures. Economic geography, 17(2), 108- 1 12.

[4] Liu Jiaming. Yang Xinjun. 1999, Preliminary Study on Sustainable Tourism Development Planning of Ecotourism Destinations. Journal of natural resources. 14 ( 1)，79-82

The reasons for the rapid rise and development of ecotourism in the near future are as follows: 1. Human society is generally concerned about environmental quality. 2. The objective requirement of sustainable development of tourism. 3. Ecology provides a theoretical basis for the formation and development of ecotourism.

Eco-tourism is a complex system composed of ecology and tourism. Its essence is to use ecological ideas to guide the orderly development of tourism systems including tourist destinations, tourists and tourism. Eco-tourism is a kind of tourism relying on local resources, and the tourist object is the primitive and harmonious ecosystem; It is a kind of responsible tourism; It is a high-grade tourism activity.

Since the emergence of ecotourism, it has spread at an unusual speed. The annual growth rate of ecotourism reaches 20% ~ 25%. At present, ecotourism has been highly valued by governments at all levels in China, and 1999 has been designated as the year of ecotourism. Although China's eco-tourism has made some achievements in the development process, it also exposes many problems: lack of correct understanding of eco-tourism; Lack of unified planning and blind development; Tourists are seriously overloaded, exceeding the ecological carrying capacity of eco-tourism areas; The management level is low and the management system is not perfect.

Suggestions on ecotourism development in China: 1. Strengthen publicity and education, and strengthen the awareness of eco-tourism. 2. Scientific planning and orderly development. 3. Constantly improve relevant laws and regulations, and formulate and pass special laws and regulations on ecotourism. 4. Establish and improve the eco-tourism management system.

2. Eco-tourism development of Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve

Li qiri

Source: Regional Research and Development, September 2004.

Eco-tourism is a natural journey with good ecological environment and ecological landscape as tourist attractions. As the youngest estuarine wetland ecosystem in the world, the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve has great potential to develop eco-tourism.

The Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve is located at the mouth of the Yellow River in Dongying City, Shandong Province. It belongs to the warm temperate monsoon climate zone, and its area is increasing year by year. It has become the youngest, broadest, best preserved and largest estuarine newborn wetland ecosystem in China. Its unique vegetation landscape, wildlife landscape, landform landscape, Yellow River estuary water landscape, astronomical landscape and oil field landscape have formed an eco-tourism resource characterized by strangeness, wildness and novelty. The Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve has a good geographical location, convenient transportation, superior policies, sufficient tourism market, large environmental capacity, a certain foundation for tourism development, and broad prospects for ecotourism development.

Eco-tourism in the Yellow River Delta nature reserve can raise funds for the construction of the nature reserve, and play a positive role in promoting the development of the nature reserve and coordinating the relationship between the nature reserve and the local residents. It can make tourists enhance people's ecological awareness and create a good social environment to protect the ecological environment; It can also bring local economic income and provide a large number of employment opportunities.

The development of eco-tourism in the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve must be guided by science and ecological principles, with equal emphasis on development and protection. The development and construction of scenic spots in nature reserves and the design of ecotourism products should emphasize the natural beauty of nature reserves; The development and construction of tourist attractions and facilities must be unified planning, phased implementation, rolling development, balanced development of food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment.