The Tang Dynasty (6 18-907) is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, and it is also recognized as one of the most powerful times in China. Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty in 6 18, with Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) as its capital, and Luoyang as its east capital. In its heyday, the desert of Central Asia was also ruled by it in the 7th century. In 690, Wu Zetian changed her name to Zhou, and moved her capital to Luoyang, known as Wu Zhou in history, until 705, when the name of Tang Dynasty was restored. After the Anshi Rebellion in the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Tang Dynasty gradually declined. In 907, Zhu Quanzhong, the king of Liang, usurped the throne and perished. * * * lasted for 289 years and passed on 19 emperors. The Tang Dynasty made brilliant achievements in culture, politics, economy and diplomacy, and was one of the most powerful countries in the world at that time. At that time, the political system and culture of East Asian neighbors including Silla, Bohai Sea and Japan were also deeply influenced by it.

The title of "Tang" is the ancient name of Jin, which generally refers to the central area of Shanxi Province today. Legend has it that the monarch of Yao is called "Tang Tao". During the Zhou Dynasty, there was a small country called Tang State in today's Hubei Province. Li Yuan of Sui Dynasty inherited Tang Guogong; After Emperor Gong abdicated, he took Tang as his country name. After the demise of the Tang Dynasty, the later Tang Dynasty in Li Jianli in the Five Dynasties and the southern Tang Dynasty in the Ten Kingdoms both claimed to be the successors of the Tang Dynasty, and both took "Tang" as their country name. In fact, their emperor had nothing to do with the Tang Dynasty.

Li, a royal family in the Tang Dynasty, claimed to be from Zhao County of Han nationality, and the Li family was also a military aristocrat in Longxi. Li in Longxi was a famous family of military commanders in China during the Qin Dynasty. Li Guang, the flying general of the Western Han Dynasty, and other famous soldiers emerged in this family. However, some people doubt this statement and think that Li, the royal family of the Tang Dynasty, is a descendant of Xianbei. In Old Tang Book and New Tang Book, it is said that Li, the royal family of the Tang Dynasty, is a descendant of Lao Er, and Li Hao, the founding monarch of the Sixteen Countries, is also his distant ancestor. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Xianbei policy was implemented, and Li was forced to change his "Xiao Ye surname", which was a newly created surname. After the demise of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it was restored as Lee.

Historian Huang Renyu thinks that the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty are the second imperial period of China after Qin and Han Dynasties, while Japanese historians generally think that the Tang Dynasty is the end of China's "Middle Ages". The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was one of the best in China's history, so China people were also called "Tangren", and today China people in the west are also called "Chinatown".