The earliest unemployment insurance system was established in France in 1905. Then, Norway and Denmark established unemployment insurance systems similar to those in France in 1906 and 1907 respectively. At that time, these countries implemented an incomplete compulsory unemployment insurance system, that is, whether people within the scope determined by law participated in unemployment insurance depended on their own wishes. To participate in insurance, we must manage them according to the unemployment insurance law, including assuming certain obligations and enjoying corresponding rights. 19 1 1 year, Britain promulgated the National Insurance Law, which created a compulsory unemployment insurance system and was followed by some countries, forming the mainstream of the world unemployment insurance system. By the beginning of 1997, 68 countries and regions in the world had established unemployment insurance systems, most of which were compulsory, and the scope of voluntary insurance was limited to industries where trade unions had established unemployment insurance funds. In terms of sources of funds, like other types of social insurance, employees and employers usually share equally, and some countries stipulate that all insurance premiums are paid by employers. The government subsidizes both compulsory insurance and voluntary insurance. In terms of the conditions for enjoying treatment, it is generally stipulated that: involuntary unemployment; Pay insurance premiums for a certain number of years or work in the insured occupation for a certain number of years; The applicant has the ability to work and is willing to find a job. In addition, for those who voluntarily leave their jobs without justifiable reasons, are dismissed due to improper behavior, or stop production due to labor disputes, it is generally stipulated to cancel their qualifications or lower the payment standard, and some even postpone the payment time. Unemployment benefits are usually paid weekly, and the standard is a certain proportion of the average salary in the recent period. Most countries calculate the replacement rate of unemployment benefits as 40-75% of the average income. Some countries pay the same subsidies. If the unemployed are married, in addition to the basic subsidies, they will also give their spouses and children certain subsidies. There is usually a waiting period of several days before paying unemployment benefits. Most countries have certain restrictions on the time for receiving unemployment benefits continuously. Generally, it is 8-36 weeks, which can be extended appropriately in some cases. In addition, some countries decide the period of enjoyment according to the payment period or the time of participation. In some countries, in addition to formal unemployment insurance, unemployment assistance or other benefits depending on the economic situation of the unemployed are provided as a supplement. In this way, if the unemployed people's income falls below a certain level after the subsidy expires, they can continue to receive some assistance. In terms of management system, most countries are managed by government departments, and some are managed by autonomous institutions, which are generally composed of representatives of the insured, the employer and the government. There is always a close administrative connection between unemployment insurance and employment service. Some countries combine unemployment insurance with employment services, especially at the grassroots level, in order to promote the unemployed to re-employment as soon as possible.