National Environmental Publicity and Education Action Program (1996-21)
(1) Purpose and significance of compiling the action program
1.1 China is a developing country, and is currently in the development stage of rapidly promoting industrialization and urbanization. Due to the increasing exploitation intensity of natural resources, the extensive economic growth mode, backward technology and management level, the amount of pollutants is increasing. Generally speaking, urban-centered environmental pollution is still developing and spreading rapidly to rural areas; The scope of ecological damage is expanding and the degree is increasing. Environmental pollution and ecological destruction have increasingly become an important factor restricting China's economic and social development, and have become an important issue of increasing concern to the people. The next 15 years will be a crucial period for China's national economic and social development to achieve the second-step strategic goal and control environmental pollution and ecological destruction.
1.2 China's environmental protection objectives in the next 15 years are: by the year 2, a relatively complete environmental management system and an environmental laws and regulations system suitable for the socialist market economic system will be basically established, and the trend of increasing environmental pollution and ecological destruction will be basically controlled, and the environmental quality of some cities and regions will be improved, and a number of demonstration cities and demonstration areas with rapid economic development, clean and beautiful environment and virtuous ecological cycle will be built; By 21, the sustainable development strategy will be well implemented, the environmental management laws and regulations system will be further improved, the deterioration of the ecological environment will be basically changed, and the environmental quality in urban and rural areas will be improved obviously. Build a number of cities and regions with rapid economic development, clean and beautiful environment and virtuous ecological cycle. In order to achieve the above goals, it is necessary to carry out environmental publicity and education in depth and mobilize the public to participate extensively.
1.3 environmental publicity and education is an important part of socialist spiritual civilization construction, which plays a leading, foundation, promotion and supervision role in environmental protection. How environmental awareness is an important symbol to measure the degree of civilization of a country and a nation, and environmental publicity and education work is precisely to enhance the environmental awareness of the whole nation. The level of public environmental awareness in China is crucial to the implementation of two fundamental changes with overall significance, the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of sustainable development, and the realization of environmental protection objectives during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period and in 21.
since the 197s, China has carried out general environmental publicity and education, and the public's understanding of the environment and environmental problems has been improved to some extent. However, the results of environmental awareness survey show that the environmental awareness of the public in China is still relatively low, and there are obvious differences in environmental awareness among different regions and groups. It is still a very urgent task to further strengthen environmental publicity and education and improve the environmental awareness of the whole nation.
1.5 The National Environmental Publicity and Education Action Program (hereinafter referred to as the Action Program) is compiled to implement the strategic task of "doing a good job in environmental protection publicity and education and enhancing the environmental awareness of the whole people" put forward by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee. The Sixth Plenary Session adopted the Resolution of the Central Committee on Strengthening the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization and implemented the the State Council Decision on Several Issues of Environmental Protection.
(II) Main Basis and Principles for Compiling the Program of Action
1.6 The main basis for compiling the Program of Action is: the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-term Goals for 21, the Resolution of the Central Committee on Strengthening the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization and the Decision of the State Council on Several Issues of Environmental Protection.
1.7 the basic principles for compiling the platform for action are: focusing on key points, paying attention to practical results, coordination among departments, public participation, phased implementation and rolling development.
1.8 the platform for action is a guiding document for environmental publicity and education throughout the country. The Platform for Action consists of two parts: first, the publicity and education project activities organized and implemented by the national unity; Second, publicity and education activities organized and implemented by provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning according to local actual conditions.
1.9 The State Environmental Protection Bureau is responsible for organizing, coordinating and implementing the Platform for Action throughout the country; The local environmental protection bureau is responsible for the organization, coordination and implementation of the Platform for Action in this region. Propaganda and education departments at all levels should vigorously support and actively assist. We should fully rely on the close cooperation of news, publishing, science and technology, culture, art and other units at all levels and the extensive participation of the public.
(III) Overall goal of the Action Program
1.1 By the year 2, the framework of environmental publicity and education network will be initially established in the whole country, and the public's participation and supervision mechanism in environmental protection will be gradually established, and a good fashion of observing environmental laws and regulations and consciously protecting the environment will be formed in the whole society; The comprehensive decision-making ability of environment and development of decision-makers at all levels has been improved to some extent; Cultivate a group of cross-century environmental protection professionals.
by 21, a relatively complete network of environmental publicity and education will be built throughout the country, and the environmental awareness of the whole nation will be greatly improved. (1) background
2.1 environmental education is one of the basic means to improve the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the whole nation (including environmental awareness). The contents of environmental education include: environmental science knowledge, environmental laws and regulations knowledge and environmental ethics knowledge. Environmental education is an education for the whole society, and its objects and forms include: social education for all social strata, basic education for college, middle school, primary school students and children, professional education for cultivating environmental protection professionals and adult education for improving the quality of employees.
2.2 At present, China's environmental education has begun to take shape, initially forming a multi-level, multi-form and multi-channel environmental education system. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period, environmental education has made certain achievements and progress, the breadth and depth of social education have developed, basic education has made some breakthroughs, professional education has sent tens of thousands of scientific and technological and management talents, and adult education has improved the quality of some scientific and technological and management cadres.
2.3 the task of environmental education in China is very heavy, and it can't fully meet the requirements of modernization. The main manifestations are: social education has not yet formed a mechanism, the development of basic education is unbalanced, teachers and teaching materials are lacking, professional education has not yet adapted to the needs of the socialist market economy, and the development of on-the-job education is relatively slow.
2.4 environmental education is an important task of environmental protection, publicity and education departments at all levels. In environmental education, the education department should play a leading role and the environmental protection department should actively cooperate.
(2) Goal
2.5 By the year 2, young people and children will master the basic knowledge of environmental protection; Cultivate a group of cross-century environmental protection professionals; Make most of the party and government cadres at all levels and representatives of enterprises and institutions receive a training in environmental protection and sustainable development; Conduct a comprehensive training for on-the-job cadres in education departments and environmental protection departments at all levels. By 21, the national environmental education system will be reasonable and perfect; The environmental education system has been standardized and legalized.
(3) Action
2.6 Facing the 21st century, further improve the system of environmental basic education and professional education with China characteristics.
2.6.1 environmental education should be carried out according to the different characteristics of universities, middle schools and primary schools, so that environmental education can become a part of quality education. Strengthen the teaching research of environmental protection content in textbooks of primary and secondary schools, improve the quality of classroom teaching, and enable students to master the contents stipulated in textbooks of various subjects. At the same time, primary and secondary schools should use the teaching time of activity classes to organize environmental protection activities. Through extracurricular activities such as summer camp, winter camp, competition and essay writing, students are given colorful environmental education.
2.6.2 regularly hold environmental training courses for principals, directors and teachers of primary and secondary schools to update their knowledge and improve their teaching level.
2.6.3 Normal universities and secondary specialized schools should gradually make environmental protection a compulsory course; Non-environmental majors in colleges and universities should offer elective courses or compulsory courses on environmental protection.
2.6.4 the environmental specialty in colleges and universities should combine the characteristics of the specialty, and carry out the two fundamental changes, the sustainable development strategy and the relationship between population, resources, development and environment throughout the whole teaching process.
2.6.5 the environmental protection department and the education department * * * will continue to do a good job in the teaching and scientific research of environmental specialty in colleges and universities.
2.7 During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, Party schools, administrative colleges and various management cadre colleges at or above the county level, and environmental protection training bases in various provinces and cities should incorporate the contents of popularizing environmental scientific knowledge and legal knowledge, implementing the strategy of sustainable development, and improving the comprehensive decision-making ability of environment and development into the training plan.
2.8 environmental protection training for enterprise cadres and workers.
2.8.1 strengthen the environmental education and training of enterprise employees. According to the requirements of the labor and personnel department, when implementing the system of "training before employment" and "training before appointment", environmental training should be carried out for the employed or employed personnel.
2.8.2 we should vigorously carry out on-the-job training, hold various practical lectures and study classes, and train cadres and workers in environmental law, implementation of sustainable development strategy, cleaner production, ISO14 series environmental management system and implementation of total pollutant discharge control.
2.8.3 employees of polluting enterprises should be regularly educated on the environment, so as to make saving resources, reducing consumption, reducing pollution and increasing benefits become employees' conscious actions.
2.9 environmental protection departments should carefully plan, absorb and arrange environmental graduates from colleges and universities, and strengthen on-the-job training for on-the-job cadres.
2.9.1 Environmental protection departments at all levels should actively implement the National Cadre Education and Training Plan for 1996-2 issued by the Central Committee, and follow the principles of "integrating theory with practice", "grading and classifying training", "emphasizing training key points" and "ensuring training quality" to improve their ability of administration according to law.
2.9.2 local environmental protection departments should effectively incorporate on-the-job cadre training into the plan and strengthen leadership. It is necessary to establish a high-quality teaching staff with equal emphasis on full-time and part-time jobs, ensure the funds for on-the-job cadre training, establish an operating mechanism for on-the-job cadre training to meet the needs of the new situation, and gradually realize the standardization and institutionalization of on-the-job cadre training.
2.9.3 by the year 2, the state will conduct on-the-job training for the directors of environmental protection bureaus at or above the county level in batches, and environmental protection departments at all levels will arrange on-the-job training and assessment for their environmental management cadres and technicians.
2.1 under the organization and support of the national environmental protection department and relevant publishing departments, edit and publish a set of non-environmental professional teaching materials and popular science teaching materials suitable for party schools at all levels, administrative colleges, various management cadre colleges, universities, normal colleges, secondary specialized schools and vocational high schools, and for offering environmental protection elective courses and activity classes in primary and secondary schools.
from February 11 to 2, the activities of establishing "green schools" were gradually carried out throughout the country. The main signs of "green school" are: students actually master the contents of environmental protection in textbooks of various subjects; Teachers and students have high environmental awareness; Actively participate in social-oriented environmental supervision and publicity and education activities; The campus is clean and beautiful. (1) background
3.1 the target of environmental publicity is the public from all walks of life. Constantly improving the public's environmental awareness is the basic task of environmental publicity. Environmental publicity plays a very important role in publicizing the party and the state's environmental protection policies, laws and regulations, popular science knowledge and mobilizing public participation.
3.2 at present, China has initially established an environmental publicity team with a considerable number of people, and has generally formed a publicity network from the central government to the local government. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period, great progress was made in environmental publicity, especially around the convening of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992 and the four-year "China Environmental Protection Century Tour", which raised the environmental publicity work to a new level.
3.3 due to the uneven understanding of the position and role of environmental propaganda in environmental protection and sustainable development, the development of environmental propaganda work in different regions is very uneven, and the public's environmental awareness varies greatly between different regions.
(2) Goal
3.4 By the year 2, environmental science knowledge and legal knowledge will be basically popularized throughout the country, and environmental awareness and legal concept will be enhanced; The comprehensive decision-making ability of decision makers at all levels on environment and development has been greatly improved. By 21, the environmental awareness and the concept of sustainable development of the whole nation have been significantly improved.
(3) Action
3.5 Conduct environmental publicity to decision-makers at all levels.
3.5.1 inform the decision-makers at all levels of the state of environmental pollution and ecological destruction in the whole country and the region and the information of their changing trends on a regular basis through environmental status bulletins (briefings), internal reference videos and internal reference materials.
3.5.2 according to actual needs, the decision-makers at all levels are regularly invited to publicize environmental protection to the public through the news media or on public occasions.
3.5.3 regularly invite decision-makers at all levels to participate in seminars on environment and development.
3.6 give full play to the role of news media such as radio, television and newspapers.
3.6.1 publicity departments at all levels should incorporate environmental publicity into their work plans. Radio stations, television stations, newspapers and other news media at all levels should focus on environmental protection, set up environmental protection columns, widely publicize the principles, policies, laws and regulations of the party and the state on environmental protection, and popularize environmental protection knowledge.
3.6.2 create conditions to regularly publish bulletins or forecasts on environmental quality in the central, provincial and municipal news media.
3.6.3 It is necessary to report and commend advanced models of environmental protection in time, publicly expose and criticize illegal acts that damage the environment, expose units and individuals that seriously pollute and damage the environment, and give full play to the supervisory role of news and public opinion.
3.6.4 all localities should publicly report some typical cases of environmental law enforcement through the news media, educate the masses with actual cases, popularize environmental legal knowledge, and improve the legal concept and consciousness of knowing and abiding by the law.
3.6.5 We should continue to carry out the "China Environmental Protection Century Tour" and do a good job in the publicity and reporting of environmental protection law enforcement inspection activities.
3.6.6 We should make full use of press conferences and other forms to publicize the significance of major environmental protection activities and the promulgation of important laws and regulations in a timely manner.
3.6.7 Continue to improve the quality of China Environmental News, Environmental Protection and other magazines and local environmental newspapers and periodicals, and expand the publicity influence.
3.7 further promote the socialization of environmental publicity and education.
3.7.1 The formation, consolidation and development of socialist morality and environmental awareness require comprehensive use of propaganda, education, law, administration and public opinion. Environmental protection departments at all levels should do a good job in organization and coordination, and strive for the support and participation of news, publishing, science and technology, culture and art departments at all levels and social groups.
3.7.2 combined with the popularization of law, a series of environmental legal knowledge propaganda films are made as intuitive teaching materials for environmental legal propaganda, so as to improve the public's legal awareness.
3.7.3 through environmental protection knowledge publicity activities, gradually standardize public behavior, cultivate good ethics, promote the formation of good social customs, and gradually protect the environment.