National debt, also known as national public debt, is a creditor-debt relationship formed by a country raising funds from society based on its credit and in accordance with the general principles of debt.

Treasury bonds are bonds issued by the state. They are a type of government bonds issued by the central government to raise fiscal funds. They are credit and debt certificates issued by the central government to investors and promise to pay interest within a certain period of time and repay the principal upon maturity. Because

The issuer of treasury bonds is the state, so it has the highest credibility and is recognized as the safest investment tool.

Definition of National Debt National debt [1] is the main form of national credit.

The purpose of the central government's issuance of national bonds is often to make up for the national fiscal deficit, or to raise funds for some costly construction projects, some special economic policies, or even wars.

Because treasury bonds use central government taxes as a guarantee for repayment of principal and interest, they have low risk, high liquidity, and lower interest rates than other bonds.

Classification my country's national debt specifically refers to the national public debt issued by the Ministry of Finance on behalf of the central government. It is guaranteed by the national fiscal reputation and has a very high credibility. It has always been known as "gilt-edged bonds". Stable investors like to invest in national debt.

There are three types of treasury bonds: certificate-type treasury bonds, physical treasury bonds, and book-entry treasury bonds.

Edit this paragraph Main features: Treasury bonds are a special form of debt. Compared with general creditor-debtor relationships, they have the following characteristics: From the perspective of the subject of the legal relationship, the creditors of treasury bonds can be domestic or foreign citizens, legal persons or other organizations, or

It can be the government of a certain country or region and international financial organizations, but the debtor can generally only be a country.

Judging from the nature of the legal relationship, the occurrence, change and elimination of the legal relationship of national debt mostly reflects the unilateral will of the state. Although compared with other financial legal relationships, the legal relationship of national debt is an equal legal relationship, but it is different from general claims and debts.

Compared with the relationship, it reflects a certain degree of subordination, which is more obvious in the legal relationship of the country's internal debt.

From the perspective of legal relationship realization, treasury bonds are the creditor-debt relationship with the highest credit rating and the best security.

Edit this paragraph The purpose of issuing treasury bonds The issuance of treasury bonds generally has the following purposes: 1. Issuing war treasury bonds to raise military expenses during wartime.

During wartime, military expenditures were huge, and when there was no other way to raise funds, funds were raised through the issuance of war bonds.

Issuing war treasury bonds is a common method used by governments in wartime and is also the earliest origin of national debt.

2. In order to balance the national fiscal revenue and expenditure, in terms of general treasury bonds, balancing the fiscal revenue and expenditure can be achieved by increasing taxes, issuing additional currency or issuing treasury bonds.

Comparing the above three methods, increasing taxation is a method that is taken from the people for the people. It is certainly a good method, but there is a certain limit to increasing taxation. If the tax is too heavy and exceeds the bearing capacity of enterprises and individuals, it will not be able to bear it.

It is beneficial to the development of production and will affect future taxation.

Issuing additional currency is the most convenient method, but this method is the most undesirable, because using additional currency to cover fiscal deficits will lead to severe inflation, which will have the most severe impact on the economy.

When it is difficult to increase taxes and cannot issue additional currency, it is still a feasible measure to use the method of issuing national bonds to make up for the fiscal deficit.

By issuing bonds, the government can absorb idle funds from units and individuals and help the country tide over financial difficulties.

However, the issuance of deficit government bonds must be moderate, otherwise it will also cause severe deflation.

3. The state issues construction bonds to raise construction funds.

National treasury bonds are needed to build infrastructure and public facilities, which requires a large amount of medium and long-term funds. By issuing medium- and long-term treasury bonds, part of the short-term funds can be converted into medium- and long-term funds for the construction of large-scale national projects to promote

economic development.

4. Issue treasury bonds to repay maturing treasury bonds.

During the peak period of debt repayment, in order to solve the problem of the source of funds for debt repayment, the country issues treasury bonds to repay mature old debts. "This can reduce and disperse the country's debt repayment burden. Edit this paragraph to classify it according to different

According to the standard, national debt can be classified as follows: According to the different ways of borrowing debt, national debt can be divided into national bonds and national borrowings. National bonds are the legal relationship of national debt through the issuance of bonds.

The main forms of national bonds issued by our country include treasury bills, national economic construction bonds, national key construction bonds, etc. National borrowings are based on certain procedures and forms, and the borrower and the lender negotiate and sign an agreement or contract to form a national debt.

Legal relationship. National borrowing is the main form of national foreign debt, including foreign government loans, loans from international financial organizations, and loans from international commercial organizations. According to different repayment periods, national debt can be classified into fixed-term national debt and non-term national debt. Fixed-term national debt: Yes.

Refers to treasury bonds issued by the state with strict stipulations on the repayment period of principal and interest.