Current location - Trademark Inquiry Complete Network - Tian Tian Fund - Research Program of the Human Microbiome Project
Research Program of the Human Microbiome Project

At the end of 2007, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced that it would invest US$115 million to officially launch the "Human Microbiome Project" that had been brewing for two years.

The Human Microbiome Project, led by the United States and participated by more than a dozen countries including EU, Japan and China, will use a new generation of DNA sequencers to sequence human microbiome DNA. It is a project after the completion of the Human Genome Project.

The larger-scale DNA sequencing project aims to analyze the impact of structural changes in microbial flora on human health by mapping the microbial metagenome in different organs of the human body.

As a participant in this project, China has been actively promoting the initial research work of this project, including the Sino-French human intestinal metagenome research launched in early 2007, led by the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

Collaboration plan.

The main units involved in this research include Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Zhejiang University.

Research on the human microbiome is still in its infancy in China.

On April 11, 2008, the European Union announced the launch of the Seventh Framework Project on Human Metagenome. Shenzhen BGI, with its next-generation high-throughput sequencing technology platform ranked among the largest in the world, is the only scientific research center in non-EU countries.

The unit participated in the European Union's Seventh Framework Project on Intestinal Metagenome and undertook important sequencing tasks.

Japan has also launched a human metagenomic research project.

In 2009, scientists from the United Kingdom, the United States, France, and China established the International Human Microbiome Research Consortium (IHMC) in Heidelberg, Germany, with the aim of comprehensively coordinating international human microbiome research.

The May 21, 2010 issue of Science reported that in order to learn more about the relationship between humans and the many species of bacteria that live on or in our bodies, the National Institutes of Health is sequencing the genomes of all these microorganisms.

.

They develop standardized methods for large-scale genome sequencing of microorganisms in their natural environment, and one of their goals is to produce reference genome sequences for at least 900 species of bacteria that call the human body their home.

Now, the Human Microbiome Jumpstart Reference Strains Consortium, led by Karen Nelson, has published their initial analysis of the first 178 bacterial genome sequences associated with human hosts.

The results so far provide an important baseline for future analytical work, although the researchers say they have only scratched the surface of the human "microbiome."

The researchers will share their data with others so that other geneticists can refer to it if they try to directly sample large numbers of microbial genomes from the natural environment.

This better understanding of the microbes that live on the human body could provide clues to understanding certain human diseases in the future.

In the increasingly fierce field of human microbiome research, Chinese scientists started relatively early and have made some important progress.

For example, scientists from China and the UK have been working together for nearly three years to evaluate and identify important intestinal functional bacteria by measuring changes in host metabolomics characteristics. This is a new biological system that can quantitatively measure and monitor human health at the human level.

The scientific method is of general significance for studying the relationship between intestinal flora and human health.

After the research results were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they attracted the attention of the international academic community.

"Nature Reviews - Microbiology" specially reviewed this work in the form of "Research Highlights" in its April 2007 issue.

Chinese scientists have actively participated in various international cooperation projects on the human microbiome in recent years.

During former French President Chirac's visit to China in 2006, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the French National Research Agency signed the "Joint Statement on Intestinal Metagenome Research between China and France"; later, the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Systems Biomedicine, the Institute of Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Human Genome South

The center, the Beijing Institute of Genomics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units, with the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanghai Municipality, jointly launched the "Sino-French Intestinal Metagenome Cooperation Project" with the French Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and 500 pairs have been completed.

Sample collection and physical examination of obese and healthy case-control populations are undergoing metabolomic and metagenomics analyses. This is currently the largest human microbiome population trial in the world.

Through this research, it is expected to discover some biomarkers related to the different development stages of metabolic syndrome in Chinese people, which is of great significance for curbing the rapid rise of obesity, diabetes and other metabolic diseases in China through early diagnosis and active nutritional intervention.

It is worth mentioning that China has a unique advantage in carrying out human metagenomic research that other countries do not have, and that is traditional Chinese medicine with a long history.

It is difficult to change a person's genes, but it is relatively easy to change the composition of the microorganisms living in the human body, making the intestinal flora an ideal drug target.

Many drugs and therapies in traditional Chinese medicine are likely to work by changing the structure and metabolism of intestinal flora. Traditional Chinese medicine will undoubtedly play an important role in the study of the human microbiome.

Putting prevention first is the basic national policy to solve national health problems.