From the perspective of capital relationship, the fund refers to the funds specially used for specific purposes and independently accounted for. Among them, including endowment insurance fund, retirement fund, relief fund, education reward fund, etc. In various countries, there are also special financial funds, collective welfare funds for employees, key construction funds for energy and transportation, and budget adjustment funds unique to China.

In terms of organizational nature, a fund refers to an institution or organization that manages and operates funds dedicated to specific purposes and conducts independent accounting. Such fund organizations can be non-legal institutions (such as financial special funds, college education incentive funds, insurance funds, etc.). ), public institutions (such as Soong Ching Ling Children's Foundation in China, Sun Economics Prize Foundation, Mao Dun Literature Prize Foundation, Ford Foundation and Huo Burridge Foundation in the United States, etc. ) or corporate institutions.

investment fund

Investment fund refers to an investment organization system that uses the mechanism of modern trust relationship to pool the scattered funds of various investors in order to achieve the expected investment purpose in accordance with the basic principles of * * * joint investment, * * * enjoying the benefits and * * * taking risks and some principles of joint-stock companies.

securities investment funds

Securities investment fund is a kind of collective securities investment model with * * * returns and * * risks, that is, investors' funds are concentrated by issuing fund shares, managed by fund custodians, managed and used by fund managers, and invested in financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and currencies to obtain investment returns and capital appreciation. The names of investment funds are different in different countries or regions. In the United States, they are called "mutual funds", in Britain and Hongkong, they are called "unit trust funds", and in Japan and Taiwan Province Province, they are called "securities investment trust funds".