What is social security?
Social security payment refers to the act of participating in various social security insurances and paying premiums. Generally refers to the payment of social endowment insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance and maternity insurance. Social security payment is divided into two parts: unit payment part and individual payment part.
Social security is divided into units and individuals. Specific social security contributions are as follows:
Endowment insurance, units and individuals pay 20% and 8% respectively;
Medical insurance, units and individuals pay 12% and 2% respectively;
Unemployment insurance, units and individuals pay 2% and 0% respectively;
Maternity insurance units pay 0.60%, and individuals do not pay;
Work-related injury insurance units pay 2%, and individuals do not pay.
Reduce the social security contribution rate. At present, the contribution rates of five social insurances in China, namely, pension, medical care, unemployment, work injury and maternity, are 36.6% for enterprises and 1 1% for individuals, which together exceed 40% of individual wages, and are on the high side in the world. Under the background of high social security contribution rate, it will undoubtedly further increase the burden of payment and affect the enthusiasm of participating in insurance. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly pointed out that the coverage of insurance payment should be expanded, and the social insurance premium rate should be appropriately reduced in a timely manner. The adjustment of social security payment base and rate must be carried out simultaneously, and the level of different income groups should be adjusted reasonably to reduce the burden of low-income people.
Increase public financial input. The data show that social security expenditure accounts for 12% of China's fiscal expenditure, which is far lower than the proportion of 30%-50% in western countries, and even the proportion of some middle-income countries is above 20%. To fundamentally solve the possible gap in pension, we must adjust the structure of China's fiscal expenditure. All localities should not only focus on the public's social security payment base, but also shoulder the responsibility of the government, increase public financial input, and make the security system bigger and stronger.
Improve the level of protection. After the base of social security contributions rises, what workers are most concerned about is whether the income they enjoy increases synchronously with the amount of money they pay. In 20 12, Guangzhou planned to raise the individual payment standard of residents' medical insurance, but according to the plan, the medical insurance expenses paid by Guangzhou residents increased by 50%- 108%, while the medical insurance reimbursement of residents only increased by 5%. This aroused strong public doubts, and the adjustment plan was immediately stopped. At present, some places only announce how much the social security contribution base has increased, and are vague about the improvement of social security benefits such as pension replacement rate, which naturally makes it difficult to win public understanding and support.
Realize the preservation and appreciation of social security funds. While raising the base of social security contributions, relevant departments need to use their brains to maintain and increase the value of social security funds through diversified investment, so as to prevent the public pension funds and life-saving funds from shrinking in vain.
legal ground
People's Republic of China (PRC) labor contract law
Article 38 In any of the following circumstances, the employer may unilaterally terminate the labor contract:
(1) Failing to provide labor protection or working conditions as agreed in the labor contract;
(2) Failing to pay labor remuneration in full and on time;
(3) Failing to pay social insurance premiums for laborers according to law;
(4) The rules and regulations of the employing unit violate the provisions of laws and regulations and damage the rights and interests of workers;
(5) The labor contract is invalid due to the circumstances specified in the first paragraph of Article 26 of this Law;
(6) Other circumstances under which the laborer can terminate the labor contract as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.
If the employer forces the laborer to work by means of violence, threat or illegal restriction of personal freedom, or if the employer illegally directs or forces the risky operation to endanger the personal safety of the laborer, the laborer may immediately terminate the labor contract without notifying the employer in advance.
Forty-sixth economic compensation in any of the following circumstances, the employer shall pay economic compensation to the workers:
(1) The laborer terminates the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of this Law;
(2) The employing unit proposes to terminate the labor contract with the laborer in accordance with the provisions of Article 36 of this Law, and the labor contract is terminated through consultation with the laborer;
(3) The employer terminates the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of Article 40 of this Law;
(4) The employer terminates the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 41 of this Law;
(5) Terminating a fixed-term labor contract in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 44 of this Law, except that the employer maintains or improves the conditions stipulated in the labor contract to renew the labor contract and the employee does not agree to renew it;
(6) The labor contract is terminated in accordance with the provisions of Item 4 and Item 5 of Article 44 of this Law;
(seven) other circumstances stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.
People's Republic of China (PRC) social insurance law
Article 2 The state establishes social insurance systems such as basic old-age insurance, basic medical insurance, industrial injury insurance, unemployment insurance and maternity insurance, so as to guarantee citizens' right to receive material assistance from the state and society in accordance with the law in case of old age, illness, industrial injury, unemployment and maternity.
Article 4 Employers and individuals who pay social insurance premiums according to law in People's Republic of China (PRC) have the right to inquire about payment records and personal rights and interests records, and ask social insurance agencies to provide social insurance consultation and other related services.
Individuals enjoy social insurance benefits according to law and have the right to supervise the payment of their own units.