The history of the development of medicine in the world indicates that the pharmaceutical industry began in the mid-19th century. It moved from the edge of the medical industry to the core of the medical industry and became a global industrial industry.

The pharmaceutical industry has gained a prominent position today. On the one hand, the government supports the research and development of drugs to extend human lifespan, improve human quality of life, and prevent diseases; at the same time, it has also strengthened supervision, including its safety and efficacy.

The government also needs to take steps to quell public complaints that pharmaceutical companies receive high returns through new drug products and promotions.

Healthcare system reform is underway around the world.

The challenge facing the pharmaceutical industry is the complex interaction and impact of scientists, industry, relevant government departments, doctors, and patients as new drugs move from the laboratory to actual use.

The government approval department is also in a dilemma. If it is not approved, many people's efforts will be in vain. If it is approved, it may bring about a series of adverse reactions and even lawsuits after it is launched.

The recent COX-2 inhibitor incidents and the suicidal adverse reactions of antidepressant drugs are good examples.

It is not easy for FDA staff to review nearly 50,000 pages of registration information.

The pharmaceutical industry faces the same difficulties. Investors need early return on investment and high return on investment. They hope that pharmaceutical companies will develop and launch so-called "blockbuster" drugs. However, in fact, drug development is becoming more and more difficult, and new drugs often

There are no subsequent products. As the FDA and other drug regulatory authorities become more cautious and patients become more aware of adverse reactions, when pharmaceutical companies develop preventive drugs for HIV/AIDS, malaria, etc., the patient response is that they cannot cure the root cause and are expensive.

A recent poll by the consulting firm Harris Poll found that people's satisfaction with pharmaceutical companies dropped from 79% in 1997 to 44% in 2004, a drop of 35%.

In fact, Chinese patients and consumers' support for pharmaceutical companies and health care products industries, including the health sector, may also be declining.

There's just a lack of statistics.

This may be a conflict between the public's moral standards and the pharmaceutical companies' desire to maximize profits as a business.

1870-1930 At this stage, early pharmacists began to batch-produce commonly used drugs at the time, such as morphine, quinine, strychnine, etc.; at the same time, in 1880, dye companies and chemical factories at the time began to establish experiments.

Research and develop new drugs.

For example, the pharmaceutical company Merck began as a small pharmacy in Darmstadt, Germany, in 1668, and it began wholesaling pharmaceuticals in the 1840s.

Similar companies that grew from pharmacies to mass manufacturers of pharmaceuticals from the 1830s to the 1890s include the German pharmaceutical company Schilling, the Swiss pharmaceutical company Hoffmann-La-Roche, the British pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome, the French pharmaceutical company

Etienne Poulene Pharmaceuticals, Abbott Laboratories, SmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Pudong Pharmaceuticals and Parke-Davis, etc.

Some of today's pharmaceutical companies used to be chemical plants and dye factories, such as Akfa, Bayer, and Hoechst in Germany; Ciba Pharmaceuticals, Geigy Pharmaceuticals, and Sandoz Pharmaceuticals in Switzerland;

Bnemen Corporation, and the American pharmaceutical company Pfizer.

At the end of the 19th century, these companies began to merge into real pharmaceutical companies, whose scientific basis was medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.

The application of synthetic chemistry and pharmacology, especially the study of the indications of compounds, has led to considerable development in the pharmaceutical industry.

The pharmaceutical industry should be said to have started in Germany, but now the leaders are the United States and the United Kingdom.

At the end of the 19th century, some dye industries and chemical industries merged to form the pharmaceutical industry, and some scientists began to study the structure-activity theory of drugs. The research direction of the new pharmaceutical companies was to identify and prepare synthetic drugs and study their therapeutic effects.

Pharmaceutical companies began to cooperate with academia in Germany, as they do now in Europe and the United States.

Research at that time used dyes, immune antibodies, and other physiologically active substances to understand their effects on pathogenic bacteria. In 1906, Paul Ehrlich discovered that some synthetic compounds could selectively kill parasites, bacteria, and other pathogenic bacteria.

This led to large-scale industrial research that continues to this day.

By the early 19th century, chemists had been able to extract and concentrate active ingredients from plants for therapeutic purposes.

For example, in the early 20th century, similar methods could be used to extract active ingredients such as epinephrine from animals, such as morphine and quinine. It should be said that this was the first hormone used for therapeutic purposes.

At that time, people had learned to extract dyes from coke and kill bacteria through dyeing, which can be confirmed by microscope observation.

Chemists quickly made structural improvements to these dyes, including their by-products, to make the new compounds more effective.

Synthetic chemistry developed rapidly at this time.

Many products are still widely used today, such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) used in Tylenol, Baifuning, Baijiahei and other drugs. It is the active metabolite of N-acetanilide and phenacetin.