At present, the state pension insurance systems in the world can be divided into three types, namely insurance-funded pension insurance (also called traditional pension insurance), compulsory savings pension insurance (also called provident fund model) and state-coordinated pension insurance.
Subsidized pension insurance is one of the pension insurance models.
The government has passed relevant legislation as a basis for mandatory implementation. In addition to individuals paying pension insurance premiums and enterprises paying social insurance premiums for their employees, the government also allocates funds from the finance as part of the insurance fund in accordance with the law.
After the insured reaches a certain age and retires, he or she is released from labor obligations and can receive pensions regularly. The amount is usually related to the income level at work.
The United States, Japan, etc. adopt this model.
The emphasis is on self-protection, while the state provides funding, which reflects the unity of rights and obligations and has strong social mutual assistance.
The shortcomings are as follows: the standards for paying pension insurance premiums are very complex and difficult to grasp; as the aging of the population accelerates, the burden on the country, enterprises and social members will become heavier and heavier, which will restrict the development of a country's economy.
Countries that implement this model have begun to turn to multi-level pension insurance, that is, establishing different levels of pension insurance systems based on different pension insurance goals. Compulsory savings pension insurance is a type of pension insurance implemented mainly in developing countries in Southeast Asia.
system.
Its name is "Central Provident Fund System" and it was first created in the 1950s.
According to incomplete statistics, there are about a dozen countries, such as Fiji, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Kenya, Nepal, Nigeria, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Solo Islands, etc. Among them, Singapore ranks first
most significantly.
Its biggest feature is that it does not require financial allocation from the state and forces employees and employers to be insured at the same time.
The principle of self-protection is fully realized.
The state-coordinated pension insurance system refers to a typical welfare-type pension insurance system in which the state (or the state and the employer) fully bears the pension insurance premiums of employees, and employees do not make individual contributions.
The functions of pension insurance: 1. Guaranteeing pension life: The most basic function of pension insurance is to provide pension security for the insured and ensure that they have a certain source of living after retirement.
At present, my country's social security system is constantly improving and improving, and pension insurance has become one of the main components of my country's social security.
After the insured person pays a certain amount of pension insurance premiums, he or she can receive basic pension insurance benefits after retirement, which can alleviate the financial pressure after retirement.
2. Improve the quality of retirement life: In addition to basic pension insurance, there are also additional pension insurance such as enterprise annuities and occupational annuities.
These additional pension insurance can further improve the quality of retirement life.
Enterprise annuity is a form of enterprise to strengthen welfare protection for employees. It can supplement the shortcomings of basic pension insurance and provide better retirement benefits.
Occupational annuity is a pension insurance plan managed by professional groups or industry associations. It is also a way for enterprises to strengthen employee welfare protection.
3. Promote consumption upgrade: The popularization of pension insurance can also promote consumption upgrade.
Pension insurance provides the elderly with secure retirement security, so that they are no longer burdened by financial pressure and have more funds for daily life and consumption.
This also means that with the popularization and improvement of pension insurance, the spending power of the elderly will be improved, helping to promote consumption upgrades.
4. Reduce family financial pressure: The popularization of pension insurance can also reduce family financial pressure.
In the traditional pension model, children need to bear the burden of pension after their parents retire.
With the development of pension insurance, the elderly can obtain certain retirement benefits through pension insurance and reduce the financial burden on their children.
This can not only improve the quality of life of the elderly, but also enable children to face the pressure of daily life and work more calmly.
To sum up, pension insurance can not only provide pension security, but also improve the quality of retirement life, promote consumption upgrades, and reduce family economic pressure.
As an important social security system, the popularization and improvement of pension insurance will help meet the pension needs of the elderly and promote social progress.
Legal basis: Article 12 of the "Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China" The employer shall pay basic pension insurance premiums in accordance with the proportion of the total wages of its employees stipulated by the state, and record them into the basic pension insurance pooling fund.
Employees should pay basic pension insurance premiums in accordance with the proportion of their wages stipulated by the state and record them into their personal accounts.
Individual industrial and commercial households without employees, part-time employees who have not participated in basic pension insurance in the employer, and other flexible employment personnel who participate in basic pension insurance shall pay basic pension insurance premiums in accordance with national regulations and record them separately in the basic pension insurance pooling fund
and personal accounts.