Capital holding means that a company or organization controls the operation and decision-making of another company by holding its shares or shares. This holding method is usually used to achieve vertical or horizontal integration to improve efficiency and market share. Capital holding is generally conducted by financial institutions, private equity funds, strategic investors and other institutions or individuals.
Consumer holding refers to a kind of corporate governance, whose main feature is that consumers directly own and control the company and participate in its decision-making and operation. Consumer stock ownership is usually to achieve social justice and democratic operation, emphasizing consumer-centered, and promoting the development of the company and the realization of social value through the governance of consumers and companies. Consumer stock ownership is usually carried out by cooperatives, consumer organizations, public welfare companies and other entities.
Therefore, capital holding and consumer holding are two different ways of corporate governance. The former emphasizes centralized control of equity and capital, while the latter emphasizes consumers' right to participate and control.